In 206 BC, Liu Bang destroyed Qin and built Han. Dalian still belongs to Liaodong County. In the early years of Yuanfeng (about 109- 108 BC), the Shandong Peninsula-Liaodong Peninsula-Korean Peninsula route was opened. At that time, several places along the coast of Dalian, especially Lushunkou (then called Dajin), were important berthing ports for ships. Lushun Pastoral City is an important coastal defense castle built in this period. In BC 107 (the fourth year of Yuanfeng), there were 18 counties in Liaodong County, among which Dashi County, also known as Dashi County, is now Jinzhou and Dalian. Wenxian County, that is, today's wafangdian city. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, due to the decrease of population, the county administration was reduced from eighteen to eleven. However, Dashi and Wenxian still exist, which shows the importance of this area, and also shows that the population here is still relatively dense. At present, the discovered Seoul sites mainly include: Shepherd City, Dapanjia City and Nanyakouzui City in Lushunkou; Dalingtun City and Majianzi City in Jinzhou; Zhangdian City, Xinjin County and Zhujiatun City, Changhai County. There are more than ten sites of large Han tombs left by Dalian residents.
In 265 AD, Sima abolished the Wei Emperor and founded the Jin Dynasty, which was called the Western Jin Dynasty in history. At that time, Dalian was mainly subordinate to Wenxian County and Beifeng County of Liaodong State in Pingzhou, and the smaller part was subordinate to Xi Ping 'an. In 404 AD, Koguryo occupied Liaodong. Beisha City in Jinzhou, Longtan Mountain City in Wafangdian, Chengshan City in Zhuanghe, and Weibashan City (Gu Wu) in Xinjin County are all ruins of the Koguryo period.
From 6 12 to 6 14, the Sui Dynasty made three expeditions to Korea to recover Liaodong. Dalian may become one of the important routes for Sui Jun's March, or an important battlefield for the two armies. In 6 18 AD, the Tang Dynasty replaced the Sui Dynasty, and when Emperor Taizong continued his eastward expedition to Korea, Dalian was still the focus of the Tang navy's March. In 668 AD, 65438+ February, Anton was appointed as the official residence. Dalian was first moved to Li Ji (now Gai County), with Anton as the capital. Later, in 76 1 year, the abandoned regime was transferred to Pinglu-Ziqing Festival to govern Qingzhou (now Shandong Yidu).
In 9 18 AD, Lu Ye Bao Ji, the leader of the Qidan nationality, occupied Liaodong City, and the old town of Liaoyang was changed to Dongping County the following year. In the spring of that year, the Nuzhen nationality moved its capital to the south of Liaoyang, which was called Lisu Pavilion (also known as Heshun Fund), and Dalian became the residence of the Nuzhen nationality moved from Liao State.
In 926 AD, Baoji established Dongdan State (that is, East Qidan State, which was changed to Liao in 960 AD). At that time, Dalian was under the jurisdiction of Dongdan State. Now Fuzhou is the migration place of the Jurchen nationality in Fuzhou, which belongs to Fuyu City, Bohai State. After Fuzhou people moved their capital, they were named Fuzhou, which means the state of Fuzhou people who moved their capital. Suzhou is called by people who moved from Suzhou Nancheng in Bohai Sea to Jinzhou, which means the state where the Jurchen nationality moved from Suzhou Nancheng lived. This is the origin of the names of Fuzhou and Suzhou.
During the Liao Dynasty, Dalian was assigned to Tokyo Road, Liaoyang Prefecture, Fuzhou, Suzhou and Zhou Mu (now zhuanghe city). 1 1 15 years (the fifth year of Northern Song Dynasty, the fifth year of Liao Tianqing), Hong Yan, the leader of the Jurchen Dynasty, established the State of Jin. In the early Jin Dynasty, Jin Fu was the battlefield of fierce fighting. Akuta Yan Hong defeated Liao at 10+025 after 165438.
1 143, Laisu and Huaihua counties in Suzhou were Chenghua counties under the jurisdiction of Li Fu. 1 167 replace Yongning with Yongkang. 1265438+in may 2006 (lunar calendar), Chenghua county was promoted to Jinzhou. The naming of the Golden State began. During the Jin Dynasty, Dalian belonged to Fuzhou, Jinzhou and Tokyo Road of Liaoyang Prefecture and Xiuyan County (now zhuanghe city). 1234, Mongolia destroyed gold and Dalian returned to Mongolian rule.
The main genus of the Yuan Dynasty in Dalian is Wanfu House of Jinfu House, and the minor genus is Xiuyan County of Liaoyang Road (130 1 changed to Gaizhou Road). 137 1 year (lunar calendar) In July, Liao established its capital in Jinzhou, and in 1372, it established the three kingdoms of Jin, Fu and Gai, which were placed under the jurisdiction of Shandong Ministry of Civil Affairs and Finance. 1395, the four states of Fujin, Shanghai and Gai set up health systems, and the health centers were in charge of military and political affairs.
During the Ming Dynasty, the population of Dalian increased from 654.38+million in the early Ming Dynasty to more than 300,000. Jinhe owns more than 770,000 mu of cultivated land, accounting for 22% of cultivated land in Liaodong.
/kloc-At the beginning of the 7th century, the Nuzhen Department in Jianzhou (now Xinbin County, Liaoning Province), which rose to the west of Changbai Mountain, grew stronger and stronger under the leadership of its leader Nurhachi. 1622, Jinhe was captured, and only Lushunkou was still in the hands of the Ming army. Later, during the period of 13, the latter Jin army fought with the Ming army many times and captured Lushunkou in July of 1633 (lunar calendar). In March (1633), the company commander Huanglong led the soldiers and civilians to fight until the gunpowder ran out and died heroically. In order to commemorate this general, Huanglong Tomb and Zhong Xian Temple were built at the foot of Jinshan Mountain in Lushun.
During the Kangxi period, in order to consolidate its rule in Liaodong, the Qing court also allocated funds to rebuild Jinzhou City, Fuzhou City and Lushun North City to reward immigrants for reclamation, and Liaodong Peninsula began to recover. The modern history of China, which began with the Opium War of 1840, is a heroic struggle history of China people against imperialism and feudalism. Dalian has always been a strategic place for imperialist aggression. As the main battlefield of the Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War, it experienced two major wars and was ruled by Russia and Japan for half a century. The cruel oppression of the rulers of the Qing Dynasty, the brutal trampling of the Russian iron hoof, and the bloody slaughter and slavery of Japanese imperialism made the people of Dalian in dire straits. However, the people of Dalian fought bravely for a long time against aggression, oppression and slavery with their own blood and lives. As early as the 1840 Opium War, British warships invaded the coastal areas of Dalian many times.
1860 In June, the British naval fleet consisting of 184 ships, carrying more than 10,000 troops, broke into Dalian Bay. Then, British ships also occupied the port from Lushunkou and Yangtouwa in the west to Luomashan in the east. British troops landed in Dagushan, Shang He Island, Qingniwa and other places to carry out intrusion activities.
1843 After the Opium War, the Qing government moved the deputy governor of Xiong Yue to the deputy governor of Jinzhou to strengthen the defense of Lvda. In July of the same year, Ninghai County was promoted to Jinzhou Hall, and a member of Haiphong Tongzhi was added. After the rebellion in Xinjiang was put down, due to the heavy siege of Russia, the Qing government began to pay attention to the coastal defense of the gateway to Beijing and Tianjin. From 1880 to 1894 when the Sino-Japanese War broke out, it took fourteen years and cost tens of millions of silver. These projects include: dredging Lushun Port, building Lushunkou Wharf for berthing and repairing Beiyang Navy ships, and then adding the Navy Department, which, together with Liu Gongdao Navy Department Ahava, is called the two bases of Beiyang Navy; Lushunkou Wharf was started in 1883 and completed in autumn of 1890. At that time, it was not only in China, but also a large-scale modern wharf in the East.
After the signing of the Sino-Japanese treaty of shimonoseki, Russia invaded Lushunkou in February 1897 under the guise of protecting China. 1On March 27th, 898, the Qing government was forced to sign the Sino-Russian Land Lease Treaty. The fundamental purpose of Russian troops occupying Lvda is to expand on this basis, annex the northeast of China to the whole north, and thus dominate the Far East. During the seven years of Russia's occupation of Luda, people's anti-Russian anger burned all over urban and rural areas. From the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War in February 1904 to the end of the Russo-Japanese War in February 1905 10, it lasted 329 days and finally ended in the defeat of the Russian army.
1905 In September, with the support of the United States, Britain and other countries, representatives of Japan and Russia signed the Portsmouth Peace Treaty in the United States. According to this treaty, Russia transferred the lease right of Lvda to Japan, and Dalian became a Japanese colony from then on. After the 193 1 September 18th Incident, especially after the 1937 July 7th Incident, Dalian's industry turned to the track of military industry. During the period of 1943, the number of factories in Dalian has grown to 1825, and the output has reached 6130,000 won, which is the highest level in history.
The forty years of Dalian's brutal rule by Japanese colonialists are also the forty years of Dalian people's anti-Japanese struggle.
1On July 26th, 906, Ma Fulian, the leader of Southern Liaoning Rebel Army, led his troops to attack the Japanese village of Zhang Suo, which shocked the enemy. 100 More than nominal army soldiers attacked Ziziwo in three ways, killing eight Japanese and puppet policemen and seriously injuring many others, resulting in property losses of 654.38+10,000 yuan. Five days later, anti-Japanese armed forces Lv Yongfa sent more than 20 people to attack the Hushan police station in Jinzhou, killing Japanese soldiers 1 policeman, seriously injuring two fake policemen, and the rest of the policemen fled. During the two years from 1922 to 1923, the Japanese army was attacked by 17 times in Ziziwo, resulting in property losses of more than 75,000 yuan. Zhuanghe Changlingzi anti-Japanese farmers organized a broadsword club, with a maximum of three or four thousand members, which controlled the 458 district of Zhuanghe at that time.
1932 16 February 16, Japanese Major General Mori Hideki led 2,000 Jing 'an guerrillas to invade Zhuanghe in three ways. In Tuchengzi, a fierce battle was fought with the broadsword club, killing Japanese Major General Mori Hideki and 30 or 40 officers and men, which greatly destroyed the prestige of the Japanese army.
192365438+In February, under the influence of the first climax of the national workers' movement, a group of patriotic workers were established in Shahekou Factory of Nanman Railway, which quickly developed into a workers' organization in the whole city. 65438+ In February of the following year, it was renamed Dalian Chinese Trade Union. This is the first and largest workers' trade union organization in northeast China. 1926 65438+ 10, the underground organization of Dalian, the CPC Dalian Special Branch was established. Since then, the Dalian people's anti-Japanese struggle and the Dalian workers' movement have had the core of leadership, and the workers' movement centered on opposing Japanese colonial rule has flourished. 1926 In the spring, the workers of Fufang (now Dalian Textile Factory) went on strike on April 27th, which lasted for10/day and won, thus writing a glorious page in the history of Dalian's labor movement.
1July, 927, the underground party organization in Dalian was destroyed for the first time. In August, Dalian Chinese Trade Union was closed down. Since then, the underground party organization in Dalian has been destroyed three times in a row. After the July 7th Incident, members of international anti-imperialist organizations set fire to Japanese factories, warehouses and military supplies for more than 50 times, which dealt a heavy blow to Japanese colonists. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, underground organizations such as the Dalian Branch led by the CPC Jiaodong District Committee and the Dalian Branch of the Jiaodong Anti-Union Association went deep into the workers and peasants, worked hard, developed their organizations and expanded their ranks, and made contributions to the liberation of Dalian.
1945 14 In August, Japan announced its unconditional surrender in World War II; On August 22, the troops of the Baikal Army of the Soviet Union parachuted into Lushun Tuchengzi Airport and Dalian Zhoushuizi Airport; On August 24th, the tanks of the Sixth Army of the Soviet Guards entered Lushun and Dalian to disarm the Japanese army, and Dalian returned to the embrace of the motherland. According to the Yalta Agreement of1February 9451and the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance and its annexes of1August 4 1945, the Sino-Soviet Agreement on Dalian and the Sino-Soviet Agreement on Lushunkou
1950 February 14 According to the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance and the China-Changchun Railway, Lushunkou and Dalian Agreement, the brigade was changed from Soviet control to Soviet garrison. 1954101month 12, the Chinese and Soviet governments signed the Sino-Soviet Joint Communiqué on the withdrawal of Soviet troops from the common naval base in Lushunkou, China, and the transfer of the base to People's Republic of China (PRC).
1955 1 month, Chinese people's Volunteer Army's Third Corps, which was ordered to retreat from the east coast of North Korea, was stationed in Lvda, and was defended by the Soviet Union together with the navy, air force and public security forces sent by the Central Military Commission. From 00: 00 on April 16 of that year, it independently undertook the task of defending Lvda. By the end of May, about 300,000 Soviet troops had all retreated from the brigade area to China.
On February 9th, 198 1, the State Council officially approved the change of Lvda City into Dalian City. Later, Fuxian County was renamed as wafangdian city (county level) on 1985 1, Jinxian County was renamed as Jinzhou District on1987 April 2 1, and Xinjin County was renamed as1991+0/kloc.
1982 10 The 21st meeting of the Standing Committee of Dalian Municipal People's Congress deliberated and adopted the Master Plan of Dalian City, and submitted it to the State Council for approval and implementation. The plan positions Dalian as a port, industrial and tourist city.
1984 10 Dalian has set up an economic and technological development zone in Maqiaozi Village, Dagushan Township, Jinxian County, and set up a development zone management committee as an agency of the municipal government.
1984 In April, the State Planning Commission approved Dalian to implement separate planning from 1985, and granted Dalian economic management authority; In July of the same year, the sixth Party Congress was held in Dalian, and the goal of building Dalian into a socialist modern port, industry, culture and tourist city with political stability, economic prosperity, scientific development, cultural prosperity, rich people and beautiful environment was put forward.
1in may, 990, Dalian held its seventh party congress, and put forward the goal of building Dalian into a modern socialist international city with high openness, strong attraction, strong radiation, multi-function and comprehensiveness by the end of this century or for a longer period of time.
1992 10 According to Comrade Deng Xiaoping's important speech on inspecting the south and the spirit of the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Dalian formulated the Outline of Dalian's New Economic Steps Planning, and proposed that Dalian should be initially built into a northern port in about 20 years to basically realize modernization and become an important international transportation hub, advanced industrial base and business center in Northeast Asia.
1May 1994, Dalian was upgraded from a prefecture-level city to a sub-provincial city.
1June 1995, the eighth party congress was held in Dalian. According to Comrade Deng Xiaoping's important speech on inspecting the south and the spirit of the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Municipal Party Committee put forward the goal of building Dalian into a socialist northern port, which is a concrete manifestation of building a modern international city. And clearly put forward that by 20 10, Dalian will be initially built into a socialist north port, basically modernized, and become an important international transportation hub, an advanced industrial base and one of the trade, finance, tourism and information centers in Northeast Asia. Make Dalian have similar urban functions and economic operation mechanism as Hong Kong, and become a modern international city with strong economic strength, developed science and technology, affluent people's lives, sound democracy and legal system and good social atmosphere.
At the beginning of 1999, General Secretary Jiang wrote an inscription for the centenary of Dalian: A hundred years of wind and rain, the pearl of the north shines. On February 65438+ of the same year, the Dalian Municipal Committee held the Tenth Plenary Session of the Eighth CPC Central Committee, proposing to strive to create a new situation in political construction in an all-round way at the beginning of the next century, strive to achieve a new breakthrough in economic development, and build Dalian into a modern international city with developed economy, perfect functions, beautiful environment, social stability, cultural prosperity, good market atmosphere and people living and working in peace and contentment as soon as possible.
In 2000, when Premier Zhu Rongji visited Dalian, he proposed that Dalian had the conditions to become an internationally famous city. 200 1, 1, Dalian Municipal Committee held the 12th Plenary Session of the 8th CPC Central Committee, and proposed that by the end of the 3rd Plenary Session of the 15th CPC Central Committee, the whole city should basically have the functions of regional international shipping center, business center, tourism center, financial center and information center, become an important central city and an international scenic tourist city in the northern coastal areas of China, and strive to build a socialist modern international city with coordinated development of culture, sports and modern industries.
In May of 20001year, the Ninth Municipal Congress decided to take the lead in basically realizing socialist modernization in 20001year. The main indicators are: the city's per capita GDP reaches 7000 US dollars, the added value of service industry accounts for more than 50% of the GDP, the output value of high-tech products accounts for more than 40% of the city's total industrial output value, and the urbanization rate reaches 70%. In order to achieve this goal, four strategies are put forward: full implementation of internationalization, informationization, strengthening the city through science and education and coordinated development. The first plenary session of the Ninth Municipal Party Committee also made a decision to build a learning city.