1. Multiple choice questions (65438+ 0 points for each question, a total of 40 points, four options for each question, only one of which meets the meaning of the question. )

1. The basic unit of human structure and function is ()

A. system b organ c tissue d cells

2. The main function of the motion system is ()

① Exercise ② Regulation ③ Protection ④ Nutrition ⑤ Support

A.①②③ B.③④⑤ C.①③⑤ D.①②④

3. Long bones of limbs are the most prone to fracture, and the following first-aid methods for fractures are incorrect ()

A. First, fix the joints at both ends of the fracture with splints in time and correctly.

The length of B splint is longer than the joints at the upper and lower ends of the broken bone.

C. When binding the splint, the tighter the better, to prevent the splint from slipping.

D. When binding the splint, the tightness should be moderate, and the splint should not slip to ensure smooth blood circulation.

4. Take 10 ml blood from livestock and put it in a test tube containing a small amount of anticoagulant. After standing for a period of time, you can find that the blood is divided into the following parts, of which the wrong statement is ().

A The upper part is plasma and the lower part is blood cells.

B the volume of plasma and blood cells accounts for about half of the whole blood.

C. Most blood cells are red opaque red cells.

D there is a thin layer of white material floating on the plasma, which is white blood cells and platelets.

5. If a person is injured by accident, it is much more dangerous to hurt the artery than the vein, because the artery ().

A high blood pressure, fast blood flow B. Blood is rich in nutrition and oxygen.

C. Blood contains more white blood cells and antibodies. D. the blood vessels are thick and extremely difficult to repair after injury.

6. The blood of pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, left ventricle and right atrium is () in turn.

A. arterial blood, arterial blood, venous blood, venous blood B. venous blood, arterial blood, arterial blood, venous blood

C. arterial blood, venous blood, arterial blood, venous blood

7. The concept of artery is ()

A. Blood vessels emanating from the heart B. Blood vessels rich in oxygen and nutrients

C.d. Blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to the whole body.

8. Press the "blue veins" of the forearm (or push it far away), and you can see that the "blue veins" at the lower end of the pressing point swell up and show a knot-like protrusion. The reason is ()

A. the distal vein is thinner than the proximal vein. B. there is a venous valve in the vein.

C. The distal venous catheter is thicker than the proximal venous catheter D. Varicose veins

9. The following does not belong to the plasma function is ()

A. producing blood cells B. transporting blood cells C. transporting nutrients D. transporting waste.

10. About white blood cells, the wrong one is ().

A. there is a nucleus. B. All kinds of white blood cells can devour invading bacteria.

C.it's bigger than red blood cells. D. Red bone marrow can continuously produce new white blood cells.

1 1. The largest lymphatic organ in human body is ().

A. liver B. spleen C. lymph nodes D. tonsils

12. The statement about protein's role is incorrect ().

A. protein is the basic substance that constitutes human cells.

B. protein is indispensable for human growth, development and tissue renewal.

C protein can also be decomposed to provide energy for human physiological activities.

D. protein is the most important energy-supplying substance for human body.

13. Patients with night blindness may lack ()

A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin C. Vitamin C D. Vitamin D.

14. The chemical used to test whether starch exists is ().

A. alcohol B. iodine C. purple liquid D. potassium permanganate

15. A balanced diet means ()

A. The amount of food for breakfast, lunch and dinner is equal.

B. eat more food you like, and don't eat food you don't like.

C. a diet that can meet the human body's demand for calories

D energy intake and consumption should be balanced, and the demand for various nutrients should be balanced.

16. Regular exercise can greatly improve vital capacity and enhance respiratory function. The most fundamental reason is ().

A. the scope of thoracic cavity expansion is enlarged. B. Enhanced breathing depth

C. The difference in chest circumference increases D. The strength of respiratory muscle contraction increases

17. In winter, if the classroom is closed for a long time, many students will feel dizzy and lose concentration. This is because in class ().

A. the concentration of carbon dioxide is too high, and there is no oxygen. B.the temperature is too high.

C. the oxygen concentration is too high and the carbon dioxide is insufficient. There are too many viruses and bacteria.

18. When crying and swallowing, food easily falls into the trachea. The reason is ()

A. the glottis are broken due to airflow impact. B. the airflow impact causes the laryngeal cavity to expand.

C. epiglottic cartilage failed to cover the laryngeal entrance D. cricoid cartilage enlarged

19. The meaning of breathing is ()

A. Complete gas exchange in the tissue B. Inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide.

C. decompose organic matter and release energy D. synthesize organic matter and purify blood.

20. The composition of blood vessels at both ends of glomerulus ()

A. Two arteries B. Two veins

C, an artery at one end and a vein at the other. One end is an artery, and the other end is a capillary.

2 1. Under normal circumstances, the original urine does not contain ().

A. Glucose B. Macromolecule protein C. Inorganic salt D. Urea

22. The following statement about metabolism is wrong ()

A. metabolism includes anabolism and catabolism

B, substances are synthesized first, and then decomposed.

C. always replace the original substance with the newly synthesized substance in human body.

D. Material metabolism is always accompanied by energy metabolism.

23. The eyes shown in Figure 46 belong to ().

Figure 46

A. hyperopia B. myopia

C. astigmatism strabismus

24. Trachoma is caused by conjunctival infection on the inside of eyelid ()

A. Bacteria B. Fungi

C. trachoma virus d chlamydia trachomatis

25. A patient's limbs tremble, and he can't complete quick and accurate finger nose movements with his index finger. His lesion is ().

A. brain B. cerebellum C. brain stem D. spinal cord

26. The role of ossicles in the middle ear is ()

A. supporting the middle ear B. receiving sound waves C. transmitting sound waves D. balancing the body

27. The following practices are harmful to the health of teenagers' nervous system ()

A. Pay attention to rest and sleep B. Study hard and often stay up late.

C. Alternate review of arts and sciences D. Take part in appropriate sports and manual labor.

28. The reason why babies may urinate at any time is ()

A. The nerve conduction path is not smooth

B. the brain is underdeveloped and cannot control the reflex of the spinal cord.

C. The spinal reflex is not perfect

D. Urinary system hypoplasia

29. Dwarfs are due to lack of () in childhood.

A. Growth hormone B. Thyroid hormone C. Insulin D. Sex hormones

30. The pituitary gland is very important in the endocrine system because it ().

A. it is located near the brain. Control the growth of bones

C. control most other endocrine glands D. improve the excitability of the nervous system

3 1. The following statement about the characteristics of teenagers is incorrect ()

A. Both men and women have their own secondary sexual characteristics. B. The brain is more excited

C. Sex hormones begin to secrete D, indicating that the body has fully developed and matured.

32. The development time of human embryo in maternal uterus is generally ().

A./kloc-about 0/08 days, B.280 days, C.365 days, D.660 days.

33. The original parasitic site of Japanese encephalitis pathogen is in ().

A. Mucosa of lung and respiratory tract B. Blood and lymph

C. Skin and superficial mucosa D. Digestive tract and accessory organs

34. The first country in the world to adopt smallpox vaccination method is ().

A. China b Britain c France d India

35. After deep tissue injury (such as a nail in the foot), tetanus can be avoided by injecting tetanus antitoxin. This immunity belongs to ()

A. Specific immunity B. Nonspecific immunity

C. planned immunization D. the role of the second line of defense of the human body

36. The earliest life on earth may have originated in ().

A. Primitive big B. Primitive ocean C. Rock layer D. Volcano

37. The small unit of genetic material that determines biological characteristics is called ().

A. Chromosome B protein C. DNA D gene

38. Both parents have double eyelids, and the genome Chengdu is Aa. They gave birth to a child with a single eyelid, and the genetic composition of this child is ()

A.aab.aac.aad All three are possible.

39. Dendrolimus punctatus rarely occurs in natural forests, but serious Dendrolimus punctatus often occurs in artificial Pinus tabulaeformis forests. The main reason is ()

A. The plantation has a single composition and a simple nutritional structure.

B. Dendrolimus punctatus has strong reproductive ability in plantation.

C. Pinus tabulaeformis has poor pest resistance.

D. The climate in this area is suitable for the breeding of Dendrolimus punctatus.

40. At present, the main reason for the deterioration of environmental quality and the imbalance of ecological balance in China is ()

A. use a lot of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. There is a hole in the ozone layer.

C. Frequent earthquakes D. Excessive population growth

Second, short answer questions (65438+ 0 points per grid, a total of 60 points)

4 1. The reason why the human body becomes a unified whole is due to the adjustment of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

42. The outer layer of skin is _ _ _ _ _ _, and the inner layer is _ _ _ _ _.

43. Fig. 47 is a schematic view of the long bone structure. Please answer the questions according to the picture: (Example: [2] Bone marrow cavity)

Figure 47

(1) [] _ _ _ _ _ plays an important role in bone nutrition, growth and regeneration.

(2) People who often take part in physical exercise, the bone structure is strengthened, thickened [] _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and arranged [] _ _ _ _ in an orderly way.

(3) The structure with hematopoietic function for life is located in [] _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(4) The _ _ _ _ _ _ structure of long bones is light and strong, which is suitable for all kinds of human movements.

44. Fig. 48 is a schematic diagram of human blood circulation. Please answer the questions according to the chart:

Figure 48

(1) Write the following structure names: A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ B _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ D _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ F _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) Pulmonary circulation path (indicated by letters and arrows in the figure): _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(3) The gas diffusing from C to alveoli is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

45. Not complaining can avoid _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and it is also an important symbol to measure _ _ _ _ _ _.

46. Lung ventilation is achieved by _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

47. Fig. 49 is a schematic view of small intestinal villi. Please answer the questions according to the chart:

Figure 49

(1) [] _ _ _ _ _ _ wall and [] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) The absorbed fat components mainly enter [] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(3) The structure that can secrete intestinal juice is [] _ _ _ _ _ _.

48. Metabolism is the basic condition of human and biological _ _ _ _ _ _, and it is the basic feature of life.

49. People will have saliva secretion when eating plums, watching plums and saying plums, in which _ _ _ _ _ is unconditional reflex and _ _ _ _ _ _ is conditioned reflex.

50. When encountering a loud noise, quickly open your mouth or shut up (and block your ears with your hands at the same time), so as to keep the internal and external air pressure of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in balance, so as not to break _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

5 1. Under the action of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ hormones, the testes and ovaries in adolescence develop rapidly and secrete _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, thus promoting the development of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

52. For a long time, many animals and plants have been extinct or will be extinct because of our influence on grasslands, forests and animals and environmental pollution.

53. In order to control _ _ _ _ _ _ _ population and increase _ _ _ _ _ _ _ population, China regards family planning as a basic national policy.

54. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease. The original parasitic sites of pathogens are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and it is mainly transmitted by _ _ _ _ _.

55. Figure 50 shows an ecosystem. Please answer according to the picture:

Figure 50

(1) The producer is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) The consumer is _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

③ The decomposer is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(4) The quantitative relationship among A, B and C is: _ _ _ _ _ _ > _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

56. Take out the individual gene of one organism by artificial methods and transfer it to _ _ _ _ _ of another organism to make the latter show a new _ _ _ _ _. This technology is called genetic engineering.

57. Figure 5 1 is a schematic diagram of urine formation. Please answer according to the picture:

Figure 5 1

(1) Renal corpuscles are composed of [] _ _ _ _ _ _ and [] _ _ _ _ _ _ _, which form protourine through the action of _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) Urine is formed by _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of [C].

58. There are _ _ _ _ _ at the entrance to the nasal cavity. The nasal mucosa on the inner surface of the nasal cavity can secrete _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Reference answer

First, multiple choice questions

1.D 2。 C 3。 C 4 explosive D 5。 A six. B 7。 D 8。 B 9。 A

10.B 1 1。 B 12。 D 13。 A 14。 B 15。 D 16。 D 17。 A

18.C 19。 C 20。 A 2 1。 B 22。 B 23。 B 24。 D 25。 B

26.C 27。 B 28。 B 29。 A 30. C 3 1。 D 32。 B 33。 B

34. A handful of 35. A pair of 36. B 37。 D 38。 C 39。 A 40. D

Second, short answer questions

4 1. nervous system humoral nervous system. Epidermal dermis

43.( 1) [5] Periosteum (2)[4] Bone compact [1] Bone cancellous (3)[ 1] Bone cancellous (4) Tubular.

44.( 1) Pulmonary vein, inferior vena cava and aorta (2) II →b→c→a→ III (3) Carbon dioxide and oxygen

45. The degree of social civilization that spreads diseases. qigong

47.( 1) [1] villi [8] capillaries [6] absorption of nutrients by lymphatic capillaries [2] [6] lymphatic capillaries [3] [2] intestinal glands

48. Life-sustaining activities. Eat plum, look at plum and say plum 50. tympanic membrane

5 1. Secondary sexual characteristics of gonadal organs

52. Overgrazing, deforestation, indiscriminate capture and indiscriminate killing. Quantity and quality

54. Respiratory tract respiratory mucosa lung droplets, air

55.( 1)A (2)B、C (3)D (4)A B

56. Cytogenetic characteristics

57.( 1)[ 1] glomerular renal capsule filtration [2] renal tubular reabsorption

58. Mucinous capillaries of nose hair