(1) The relationship between man and nature formed by man's labor and production activities realizes the exchange of material, energy and information between society and nature, and constitutes a production system;
(2) The contact between people formed in labor and production activities enables the productive forces to acquire specific social forms and form a system of production relations;
(3) Other social relations derived from production relations have established a huge superstructure system composed of political and legal systems and facilities, political and legal viewpoints, various social sciences, morality, philosophy, art, religion and other ideologies. гв. plekhanov made a more specific division of the structure of human society according to the theories of Marx and Engels, and put forward the following five levels:
(1) the status of productivity;
(2) Economic relations restricted by productive forces;
(3) a social and political system that has grown up on a certain economic basis;
(4) The psychology of people in society is partly determined by the economy and partly by all social and political systems that have grown up in the economy;
⑤ Various ideological systems that reflect this psychological feature.
Decomposing social structure into three or five basic systems is the most basic division of social structure. Each basic system includes more specific organizations and systems composed of various elements. At the same time, there are people linked by specific social relations or ties, such as clans, tribes, families, nationalities and so on. These people cannot simply be classified into any field of productivity, production relations or superstructure. The community of people like family and nation not only embodies certain material and economic relations, but also embodies certain psychological and ideological relations. In addition, there are various social phenomena related to various basic fields, such as education and language.
Decomposing a unified social organism into different basic fields of social life is only a general investigation of social structure, while the concrete social structure in reality is a complex dynamic system. With the development of history, social contact is more and more extensive and close, and social structure is more and more complex and rich. The complexity of social structure requires people to accurately grasp all kinds of social phenomena only by placing them in the overall connection of social system.