B Because, 1 The riot in the German beer hall was caused by Hitler, and then he became prime minister. When Germany and Italy control Spain, they can form a strategic encirclement of France, cut off the links between Britain and France and their overseas colonies, and obtain Spanish resources such as coal and iron. 3 1869 After the opening of the Suez Canal, the strategic position of Northeast Africa has become increasingly important, and the western powers have further strengthened their competition for this region. Italy has always had aggressive ambitions towards Ethiopia. 1882 took over the port of Assab owned by the Italian steamship company, 1885 occupied massawa with the support of Britain, and on this basis, it constantly invaded the northern coastal territory of Egypt. Ethiopian Emperor John IV led an army to fight against the Italian army, and on 1887+654381October 26th, more than 500 Italian troops were annihilated in Dogali. Italy sent 20,000 troops in an attempt to launch a large-scale attack, but was forced to retreat due to the sudden epidemic of the disease. 1889 In May, when Italy signed the Treaty of Uchari with the Egyptian emperor Sahle Miriam, it tampered with the text of the Treaty, declared Egypt as its protectorate, and occupied the inland territory of northern Egypt. Sahle Miriam protested and announced the termination of the Treaty of Uchali in 1893. 1894 in July, the Italian army began to take action against Egypt and invaded Tigray province. 1895 In March, the Italian army (14000 men, under the command of O. Baratieri) launched an all-round attack, and successively captured Adi Ugri, Aldao Ismail, Mekere and other places. On September 7, 2007/KLOC-0, Sahle Miriam issued a "Letter to the People", calling on the people of the whole country to rise up against Japan and mobilize an army of more than10000 by the end of the year. In the same year, in 65438+February, the Egyptian army recovered its creative army for the first time in Xipingshan, Alagh, destroying 2400 enemy troops, and in the following year, it recovered Mekere in 65438+ 10. On March 1896, 1, Sahle Miriam led 65,438+10,000 troops to a decisive battle with the Italian army in Aldois. The Egyptian army adopted the tactics of interspersed division, one by one, combining frontal assault with flank circuitous, annihilated17,000 people (killed12,000 people and captured more than 4,000 people) and seized a large number of weapons and equipment. After the Ardois War, Italy was unable to fight any more, and was forced to conclude the Addis Ababa Peace Treaty with Egypt in June 5438+the same year 10, recognizing Ethiopian independence and paying 1000 Wan Li. This war is the 1 victory of African people against colonial aggression in modern times.

1935 ~ 194 1 Ethiopia (Abyssinia at that time) people's war against fascist Italian aggression. In the early 1930s, the Italian fascist government, B.A.A Mussolini, stepped up preparations to invade Egypt to monopolize the Mediterranean Sea, carve up the British and French colonies in East Africa and North Africa again, and get rid of the domestic economic crisis. 1September, 935, the Italian army high command was determined to concentrate more than 300,000 troops in Eritrea and Somalia. Under the command of General E. Debono, commander-in-chief of the Northeast Army (succeeded by Marshal P. Badoglio in the same year1October,16), the Italian army was divided into three roads: north, middle and south, and the north road was the main road to attack the Ethiopian hinterland. The Egyptian army consists of the Royal Guard (1 10,000 people) and civilian groups of various provinces and tribes, with a total number of about 450,000 to 500,000 people. Weapons and equipment are backward, training is poor, but morale is high. The supreme commander is Emperor Haile Selassie. The anti-Japanese war plan of the Egyptian Army High Command is: the army first retreats 30 kilometers from the border, sticks to the danger, carries out mobile defense operations in mountainous areas, and creates conditions for the later period to turn to counterattack. 10 year 10 3, with the cooperation of a powerful air force, Italy invaded Egyptian territory on a large scale. All the soldiers and civilians in Egypt rose up against the Japanese. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression has gone through two stages. From the outbreak of war to the fall of the Egyptian capital in May 1936, it was a conventional war stage. The Egyptian army mainly used positional defense against the Italian army. In the first five months of the war, the Egyptian army emphasized the creative army in the battles of Aldao, Israel, Golahai and Tampian. The fierce attack of Italian tanks and the indiscriminate bombing of planes brought the war situation to a deadlock. 1in March, 936, the Italian army launched a new offensive, releasing a lot of poisonous gas and carrying out cruel slaughter. The Egyptian army lost one after another. At the end of March, Emperor Haile Selassie went to the front line to direct the Battle of Maiqiaowu, and fought back against the Italian army advancing towards the capital, which was frustrated. On May 3rd, Haile Selassie went into exile. On the 5th, the capital Addis Ababa fell. On the 9th, Mussolini announced the incorporation of Ethiopian territory into the Kingdom of Italy. Since then, Ethiopian War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression has entered a new stage-guerrilla warfare. Part of the Egyptian army dispersed to the western and southern provinces, and formed guerrillas with the local people to carry out guerrilla warfare extensively. Guerrillas often attack the headquarters of the Italian army, blow up warehouses, dismantle power lines, disrupt traffic, smash the "encirclement and suppression" of the Italian army many times, and bankrupt Italy's "colonial development plan". Guerrilla warfare persisted until 194 1. With the cooperation of the British army, Ethiopian soldiers and civilians finally drove the Italian invaders out of the country and recovered the motherland. In the whole war, more than 700,000 people died in Egypt, of which more than 290,000 died from chemical warfare agents. The Italian side suffered 65.438+0.4 million casualties and paid a huge military expenditure of 654.38+0.2 billion lira. The brave fighting spirit of the Ethiopian people inspired the liberation struggle of other oppressed peoples at that time, so they chose B.