1986 At 3 pm on May 3, a Taiwan Province "China Airlines" Boeing 747 cargo plane with the number "B- 198" suddenly deviated from the route and flew northward, and later landed at Guangzhou Baiyun Airport. Captain Wang Xijue asked to settle in Chinese mainland, and the other two mechanics were in the same company. On the day of the incident, China Civil Aviation called "China Airlines" in Taiwan Province Province and asked it to send people to Beijing as soon as possible to discuss the handling of aircraft, cargo and other crew members.
In the face of this sudden incident, the authorities of Taiwan Province Province immediately fell into a dilemma. According to the "three noes" policy, we can't negotiate with CCP, but we can't solve the problem without negotiation. After weighing the pros and cons, Jiang Jingguo finally decided to entrust China Airlines, the plenipotentiary representative of Cathay Pacific Airways in Hong Kong, to negotiate with China Civil Aviation to solve the man-machine handover problem on the premise of adhering to the "three noes" policy. Jiang Jingguo also instructed China Airlines to solve the aftermath in accordance with international practice. This inappropriate and unnecessary decision was naturally opposed by the mainland of the motherland. The mainland of the motherland believes that this is purely a commercial negotiation between the two airlines and does not involve political issues. Since it is a handover, it should be handled directly and responsibly by both parties to ensure that the plane and two other crew members who wish to return to Taiwan Province Province can return to Taiwan Province Province safely. China Civil Aviation once again called "China Airlines" to urge it to reply as soon as possible, and suggested that if Taiwan Province Province thinks it is inconvenient to go to Beijing, it can also negotiate at a place they think is convenient.
After two weeks of negotiations, from May 1986 to May 17-20, "China Airlines" and three representatives from China Airlines each held a four-day historic negotiation in Hong Kong, reached an agreement on the handover of cargo planes, crew and cargo, and signed the Minutes of Talks between the two airlines.
2. The "Golden Gate Talks" In the late 1980s, because the authorities of Taiwan Province Province refused the "three links" between the two sides of the strait and pursued a one-way opening policy, the normal exchanges between mainland people and Taiwan Province Province were restricted, and mainland residents went to Taiwan privately in coastal areas. The military and police in Taiwan Province Province took inhuman and compulsory "repatriation by boat" against mainland people who crossed the border into Taiwan Province privately, which led to several casualties among mainland compatriots during the repatriation. 1In July and August, 1990, two tragedies occurred, in which 25 people were collectively nailed to the cabin and suffocated, and 2 1 person was killed because the repatriated ship was hit by a Taiwan Province warship and fell into the water. The barbaric acts of the military police in Taiwan Province Province have been unanimously condemned by people on both sides of the strait.
1August, 990, in order to avoid the recurrence of the tragedy of death and injury, and effectively solve the problem of repatriation of private passengers, the China Red Cross suggested to the Red Cross Organization of Taiwan Province Province that the repatriation operation agreement be signed between the two sides of the strait, so that the repatriation operation could be carried out under the witness of the Red Cross organizations on both sides of the strait. Under the strong pressure of public opinion, the authorities of Taiwan Province Province quickly responded positively to the suggestions of the China Red Cross Society. Considering that the signing of the agreement requires on-the-spot investigation of the repatriation route, and in order to take care of the confidentiality requirements of Taiwan Province Province, the two sides decided to set the negotiation place at Kinmen Island, which is still the "battlefield" of the Kuomintang and has not yet lifted martial law.
1 990 On the morning of September1,four people, including Han Changlin, Secretary-General of China Red Cross Society, set off from Xiamen Du Dong Wharf and went straight to Kinmen. In Ren 'ai Xinzhuang, where he stayed, Han Changlin and Chen, Secretary General of the Red Cross Society of Taiwan Province Province, held consultations on the participation of the Red Cross organizations in witnessing the implementation of maritime repatriation by the competent authorities, and signed an agreement on June 5438+02. Based on the pragmatic spirit of effectively solving problems and avoiding cross-strait political differences that are still difficult to solve, the two sides have clearly defined the principles, targets and repatriation procedures of witness repatriation.
3. The First King's Meeting
Xinhua News Agency1On April 27th, 993, the world-famous "Wang Gu Talks" was held in Singapore. Wang Daohan, president of the Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits, and Gu, chairman of the Taiwan Province Strait Exchange Foundation, presided over the talks. This is the first time that the top leaders of non-governmental organizations authorized by the two sides of the strait have held talks, marking a historic and important step in cross-strait relations.
The "Wang Gu Talks" was held on the basis of the "1992 Consensus" reached by the two associations on both sides of the Taiwan Straits in 1992. 1From October 28th to 30th, ARATS and SEF of Taiwan Province Province held talks in Hong Kong on how to demonstrate their adherence to the one-China principle in cross-strait business negotiations. After talks in Hong Kong and correspondence consultations between the two associations, the two sides reached their own oral consensus that "both sides of the Taiwan Strait adhere to the One-China principle" (hereinafter referred to as the "1992 Consensus"). SEF said: "Although both sides of the Taiwan Strait adhere to the principle of one China, they have different understandings of the meaning of one China." ARATS said: "Both sides of the Taiwan Straits adhere to the one-China principle and strive for national reunification. However, in cross-strait business talks, the political meaning of one China is not involved. "
On the basis that both sides of the Taiwan Strait adhere to the one-China principle, the "Wang-Koo Talks" held consultations on strengthening cross-strait economic cooperation and exchanges in the fields of science and technology, culture, youth and journalism, and signed four agreements, which were widely praised by both sides of the Taiwan Strait and the international community.
The four agreements include the Joint Agreement on Wang-Koo Talks, the Agreement on the System of Liaison Talks between the two associations, the Agreement on Verification of the Use of Notary Certificates between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits, and the Agreement on Enquiry and Compensation for Registered Letters between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. In the "Joint Agreement on Wang-Koo Talks", "the two sides believe that cross-strait economic exchanges should be strengthened for mutual benefit" and the topics of business consultation between the two associations have been determined. The two sides agreed to continue to discuss the investment rights and interests of Taiwanese businessmen in the mainland and related issues, the exchange of visits between business people on both sides of the strait, and strengthening the development and exchange of energy and resources. The two sides also agreed to actively promote youth exchanges, cross-strait news exchanges and scientific and technological exchanges. The Agreement on Liaison and Talks between ARATS and SEF reached an agreement on the regular talks and mechanisms between ARATS and SEF leaders at all levels. The other two agreements were put into practice by two associations.
The "Wang-Koo Talks" promoted the process of cross-strait negotiations and promoted the vigorous development of cross-strait exchanges. However, this brilliant situation was later destroyed by Lee Teng-hui, the Taiwan Province provincial authority. From 65438 to 0995, Lee Teng-hui used his private visit to the United States to split China and poison cross-strait relations, and the talks between the two associations were forced to stop.
4. The second meeting with the Wangs:
From 65438 to 0998, with the joint efforts of compatriots on both sides of the strait, the atmosphere of cross-strait relations has eased. In June 5438+10, Gu led a delegation to visit Shanghai and Beijing. Wang Daohan and Gu meet again in Shanghai. The "Wang-Koo Talks" started the cross-strait political dialogue, and the two sides reached four consensuses, including continuing the political and economic dialogue and President Wang Daohan's invitation to visit Taiwan Province Province.
5. Lien Chan visited the mainland:
On May 3, 2005, Lien Chan, chairman of the Kuomintang and former president of the Executive Yuan of Taiwan Province Province, and the Kuomintang mainland delegation ended their eight-day visit to Nanjing, Beijing, Xi and Shanghai and returned to Taiwan Province Province. Before leaving, Mr. Lien Chan said in his farewell speech at Shanghai Pudong Airport that there is another village with a bright future. Now, with the voice of Lien Chan, there is a spring tide of reconciliation across the Taiwan Province Strait. The geopolitical pattern of East Asia is likely to turn a new page because of this tide.
Problem in Taiwan Province Province: The existence of "external force" always makes the water stir more and more.
The division and division of the two sides of the Taiwan Province Strait was the result of the civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party 56 years ago, and it was also the product of the cold war pattern in the world at that time. At this great moment when the world commemorates the 60th anniversary of the victory of the anti-fascist war, the Cairo Declaration 1943 165438 in October and the Potsdam Proclamation 1945 in August, as international legal documents, have solemnly declared that Taiwan Province Province is a part of China, and the China government enjoys sovereignty over Taiwan Province Province. Professor Wolman, Dean of Georgetown University Law School in the United States, once wrote a special article pointing out that the sovereignty of Taiwan Province Province as a part of China is so clear that there is no need to formulate any special international law documents to confirm it.
However, the Cold War turned Taiwan Province Province into an outpost of the United States to contain the so-called "expansion of the Chinese Communist Party", and also made the issue of Taiwan Province Province inextricably linked with the geostrategic interests of the United States in East Asia. A shallow bay of seawater has brought countless homesickness.
The Cold War ended in the early 1990s, and China's reform, opening-up and political democratization on the island of Taiwan Province Province should have created a historic opportunity for the peaceful reunification of the two sides. However, due to Lee Teng-hui and other Taiwan independence forces, cross-strait relations are tragically becoming increasingly tense. 1September, 1999, Lee Teng-hui threw out the "two-state theory" in an attempt to take advantage of the complexity and strangeness of interest competition in the politics of big countries and "rely on foreign countries to respect themselves" and try his best to take a separatist route of betraying the motherland and realizing Taiwan independence.
In 2000, the political parties in Taiwan Province Province changed, Democratic Progressive Party came to power with a distinctive Taiwan independence party program, and various Taiwan independence forces became more rampant. In order to win votes and achieve the goal of long-term governance, the pan-green camp wantonly incited the "consciousness of Taiwan Province Province" to confront and disintegrate the "China Identity", and madly advocated and clamored that Taiwan Province Province would "go its own way" by tearing ethnic groups apart. The general election in Taiwan Province Province on March 20th, 2004 pushed this artificial "blue-green opposition" and "China and Taiwan Province Province" to a new height. Although Chen Shui-bian reiterated the "four noes" in his inaugural speech on May 20, 2004, the possibility of "sharing votes, making a constitution and rectifying the name" that Taiwan independence forces have been striving for for for a long time is still increasing, and the action of "de-China" is also developing on the island of Taiwan Province Province.
Facing the gloom of the cross-strait situation, Chinese mainland passed the Anti-Secession Law in March 2005, and President Hu Jintao put forward a "four-point proposal" to show the Taiwan Province authorities the determination of the China government and people to oppose Taiwan independence and the goodwill of their willingness to talk.
The cross-strait situation has come all the way from the early 1990 s, which can be described as stormy and experienced several crises. The reasons are as follows: First, Taiwan independence forces tried their best to use various international factors to confront Chinese mainland's sovereignty demands and persisted in taking the road of Taiwan independence adventure; Second, due to the changes in the international situation, the issue of Taiwan Province Province has actually become an invisible "battlefield" for great powers. The authorities of Taiwan Province Province have also made moves frequently, using their own "democracy cards", "public opinion cards" and "economic and trade cards" in an attempt to achieve the goal of Taiwan independence; Even if we can't realize the real Taiwan independence, we should "draw a clear line" with China in the fields of law, culture and concept. The interference and influence of various "external forces" behind Taiwan independence's forces has always been one of the most profound sources of turmoil in cross-strait relations.
The government of China has repeatedly stated solemnly that the issue of Taiwan Province Province is an internal affair of China, and no country has the right to interfere. However, the subtle reality of the balance of power in international relations and the power essence of egoism in big country politics make it difficult to completely clarify whether the Taiwan Province issue is a "domestic" issue or an "international" issue objectively, and make the Taiwan Province issue always fluctuate with the changes of East Asian politics.
The people of China on both sides of the Taiwan Strait have the ability to solve their own problems.
Lien Chan led a delegation to visit the mainland this time, which not only had a direct dialogue with General Secretary Hu Jintao, but also established a party-to-party communication and consultation mechanism on both sides of the strait. Most importantly, the handshake between the two parties 59 years later declared to the international community that China people on both sides of the strait have the determination and ability to resolve cross-strait differences and conflicts independently; Establishing a new framework for cross-strait peace, stability and development is not only the common aspiration of the people on both sides of the strait, but also a bright future that politicians on both sides of the strait can jointly create.
With James Soong, Chairman of the People First Party, visiting the mainland on May 5th, and Yu Muming, Chairman of the New Party of Taiwan Province Province currently under discussion, a new reality of direct dialogue between politicians on both sides of the strait has emerged. Although Chen Shui-bian's "government" in Taiwan Province Province will not substantially follow up in the short term, it will completely open the door to dialogue between the authorities on both sides of the strait with the help of Mr. Lian's visit. "Castle Peak cannot cover itself, but it will eventually flow eastward."
Of course, we can't be blindly optimistic about whether Lien Chan's trip can bring about changes in the political ecology on the island of Taiwan Province Province and how much it touches the Democratic Progressive Party government. However, all kinds of political forces on the island of Taiwan Province Province, which really focus on people's happiness and China people's national rejuvenation, have actually been unable to escape the tide of cross-strait political dialogue. As Mr. Lien Chan mentioned in his speech at Peking University on April 29th, his visit was the dual result of conforming to the "trend of public opinion" and "historical trend". The extensive achievements of Lien Chan's visit to Chinese mainland are the historical changes that have not taken place in cross-strait relations since the 1990s 15, the "key" to open a new historical process of cross-strait development in the future, and the great vision that the international community could not predict a few months ago.
For international relations in East Asia, Mr. Lien Chan's visit is an important moment to break the deadlock in the Taiwan Strait and change the long-term tension in cross-strait relations. Peace, stability and development in the Taiwan Province Strait are in the interests of the people of East Asia and more conducive to world peace and cooperation. The initiation of cross-strait political dialogue will begin to reverse the negative trend that the political development of Taiwan Province Province has been unfavorable to Chinese mainland since 1990s, and add unprecedented positive factors to cross-strait communication and dialogue on the issue of Taiwan Province Province. At this historical moment, in the geopolitical environment of East Asia, the issue of Taiwan Province Province rarely begins to show a constructive trend of leaning towards "Chinese mainland". This will undoubtedly help to consolidate and develop China's strategic position in East Asia, and give the China government more initiative to discuss the issues of Taiwan Province Province of common concern with other countries.
At the same time, for all kinds of international forces that hinder the rise of China, China people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait have gradually begun to get out of the predicament on the Taiwan Strait issue. The "close" ties based on extensive economic and trade ties, military trust measures and deeper social interaction will undoubtedly dampen their political will to strengthen military and strategic ties with Taiwan Province Province, and awaken those forces who want to make a fuss about Taiwan Province Province to prevent the so-called "China threat". Although it is not now, and it will probably take a long time, history will eventually prove that the process of "external forces" interfering in Taiwan Province affairs caused by ideological confrontation during the Cold War and the self-respect of Taiwan independence forces in the post-cold war era will gradually enter a "recession" from Mr. Lien Chan's visit.
This time, the China government seized the historical opportunity to create a new choice for cross-strait political party exchanges with the Kuomintang of China, which dealt a heavy blow to Taiwan independence forces, expanded the mainstream public opinion on the island to maintain the status quo and stability, and provided the most solid and reliable path to prevent the situation in the Taiwan Strait from getting out of control and gradually eliminate the regional hot issues with long-term tension in the Taiwan Strait. Driven by the historical trend of pragmatic development of cross-strait relations with the theme of peace, stability and development, the "cooling down" of the Taiwan Province issue will bring new vitality to regional cooperation in East Asia, and may also gradually promote the establishment of a multilateral security cooperation system in East Asia.
6. Hu Xiaohui
On April 12, Xiao Wanchang was invited to attend the Boao Forum held in Hainan and realized the "Hu Xiaohui". Although Xiao Wanchang participated as the chairman of the Cross-Strait Common Market Foundation, his other identity was the newly elected "Vice President" of Taiwan Province Province. Therefore, the meeting between General Secretary Hu Jintao and Xiao Wanchang is a historic and important symbol of the development of cross-strait relations.
When meeting with Xiao Wanchang, General Secretary Hu Jintao put forward "Four Continues", that is, "under the new situation, continue to promote cross-strait exchanges and cooperation in economic and cultural fields, continue to promote cross-strait weekend charter flights and mainland residents' travel consultations to Taiwan, continue to care about the welfare of compatriots in Taiwan Province Province and earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of compatriots in Taiwan Province Province, and continue to promote the resumption of cross-strait consultations and negotiations". Xiao Wanchang said: "Only with an open policy, a pragmatic attitude and a steady pace can cross-strait economic exchanges and cooperation proceed smoothly and create greater benefits for people on both sides of the strait. I hope that we can "face up to reality, create the future, put aside disputes and pursue a win-win situation" and create a new era of mutual trust, understanding, mutual assistance and mutual benefit in cross-strait relations. Xiao Wanchang's 16-character policy of "facing reality squarely, creating the future, shelving disputes and pursuing win-win" is the basic principle and proposition of the quasi-ruling authorities of Ma Ying IX in developing cross-strait relations.
Half a month later, Lien Chan, honorary chairman of the Kuomintang, visited the mainland. When meeting Lien Chan, President Hu Jintao pointed out that the current situation in the Taiwan Strait has undergone positive changes, and cross-strait relations have shown a good momentum of development. The two sides of the strait should work together to "build mutual trust, shelve disputes, seek common ground while reserving differences and create a win-win situation." The "sixteen-character policy" put forward by General Secretary Hu Jintao has become the basic principle and proposition for the mainland to develop cross-strait relations under the new situation.
It can be said that under the new situation, the proposal of the cross-strait "double sixteen-character policy" has become an important basis for the improvement and peaceful development of cross-strait relations.
7. Wu Boxiong's visit to the mainland:
From May 27th to 30th, 2008, Wu Boxiong, Chairman of the Kuomintang, led a delegation of the Kuomintang of China to visit the mainland. Wu Boxiong visited the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum with the inscription "The world is public and the people are great". General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Hu Jintao held talks with Wu Boxiong. Hu Jintao emphasized that with the joint efforts of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and compatriots on both sides of the strait, the situation in Taiwan Province has undergone positive changes, and the development of cross-strait relations is facing a rare historical opportunity. He hoped that the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the two sides of the strait would make joint efforts to build mutual trust, shelve disputes, seek common ground while reserving differences and create a win-win situation, continue to follow and conscientiously implement the "Common Vision for Peaceful Development of the Cross-Strait", make fruitful efforts to promote practical progress in cross-strait relations, and enhance the confidence of compatriots in Taiwan Province Province in the peaceful development of cross-strait relations. Hu Jintao highly affirmed Wu Boxiong's important contribution to promoting the exchanges and dialogues between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the development of cross-strait relations in the direction of peace and stability, and highly affirmed the development direction of cross-strait relations guided by the Kuomintang's adherence to the "common vision of cross-strait peace and development". Hu Jintao pointed out that facts have proved that the Kuomintang's position and proposition of opposing the "Taiwan independence", adhering to the "1992 Consensus" and actively developing cross-strait relations have been affirmed by most people in Taiwan Province Province.
8. Second Chen
The second "Chen" was held in Taipei from June 2008 to June 2008. Despite the protests, six agreements including the basic realization of the "three links" were reached.