The first systematic feudal code was Jurisprudence, which was formulated by Li Kui of Wei in the Warring States Period on the basis of summarizing the experience of publishing written laws in various countries since the Spring and Autumn Period.
The first change of law to law: In 359 BC, Shang Yang, a famous representative of legalism, made a political reform in Qin State. This reform is an important change in the history of China's legal development, which is called "Shang Yang Reform".
The first abolition of corporal punishment: In the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Wen began to reform the penalty directly because the Book of Letters required him to be a slave and atone for his father, pointing out the serious problem that the corporal punishment system cut off people's road to reform. Emperor Wen was moved by it and ordered the abolition of corporal punishment.
The first "eight opinions" entered the law: when the Wei Law was formulated, the "eight opinions" system was formally stipulated on the basis of the "eight opinions". The "Eight Opinions" system is a legal provision to reduce or punish crimes committed by feudal privileged figures.
"Official position" entered the law for the first time: "Official position" was a privileged system in feudal society that allowed officials to use titles to offset behaviors. Officially appeared in the Northern Wei Law and Chen Law.
The first article of the "Ten Crimes" stipulates that the "Ten Crimes" were stipulated for the first time in the Northern Qi Law, which is the general name of the ten crimes that endanger the fundamental interests of the ruling class. Putting the "Ten Serious Crimes" at the top of the law as the object of severe attack has increased the deterrent power of the law.
Abolishing castration for the first time: the penal system was reformed in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and the castration system was abolished for the first time in history.
For the first time, the "five-service quasi-punishment" was stipulated: the Jin Law and the Northern Qi Law established the "five-service quasi-punishment" system. Dress system is a system marked by mourning in China feudal society, which is used to distinguish the range and rank of relatives.
The first death penalty review: the death penalty review system was formally established in the Northern Wei Dynasty, which laid the foundation for the three death penalty reviews in the Tang Dynasty. The establishment of this system not only strengthened the emperor's control over judicial trials, but also reflected the emperor's sympathy for the people.
The first establishment of Dali Temple: Dali Temple was formally established in the Northern Qi Dynasty. The establishment of Dali Temple has enhanced the judicial ability of the central judicial organ and laid an important foundation for future generations to improve this institution.
Ten evils were defined for the first time: the imperial law of Sui Dynasty gained and lost on the basis of the "Ten Crimes" and determined the system of ten evils.
The withdrawal system of judges was established for the first time. For the first time, the Six Codes of Tang Dynasty affirmed the withdrawal system of judges in the form of codes.
The first published code was the Song Criminal Code, which was called Song Bamboo Slips and Macro-Fine Punishment System. The Criminal Law of Song Dynasty is a comprehensive code.
The Six-Style Law: Daming Law, compiled and promulgated by Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of Ming Dynasty, changed the traditional criminal law style for the first time, and changed its name to seven styles: example, official, household, ceremony, soldier, punishment and work. Its legal text is simpler than that of the Tang Dynasty and its spirit is stricter than that of the Song Dynasty, which has not changed throughout the Ming Dynasty.
The Outline of the King's Constitution, the first constitutional document in China's modern history compiled by the Constitutional Research Office of the Qing court, confirmed the absolute power of the monarch in the form of law and safeguarded the autocratic rule.
The first special criminal code in the modern sense: Daqingqing Criminal Law abandons the compilation form of the old law, takes the provisions of the exclusive criminal law category such as charges and penalties as the only content of the code, and divides the code into general provisions and specific provisions; A new punishment system has been established, which stipulates that punishment is divided into principal punishment and supplementary punishment; However, the law has not really been implemented.
The first commercial law: the Commercial Law of the Qing Dynasty was promulgated in June 1904.
The first bourgeois constitutional document: The Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China is an important constitutional document promulgated by the Nanjing Provisional Government of the Republic of China. This is also an important event in the constitutional history of China.
The First Officially Promulgated Constitution in Modern History: The Constitution of the Republic of China promulgated by Beiyang Government is the first official constitution in China's modern history. Author: Zheng Xueli
(Luoyang Intermediate People's Court) Source: People's Court News