On the website of the United Nations introducing International Women's Day, the origin of "March 8th" International Women's Day is attributed to a series of events of feminist movement in the early 20th century. These events include: American socialist 1909 designated February 28th as National Women's Day; 19 10, more than 100 women delegates from 17 countries led by tsetkin planned to set up international women's day, but no specific date was set. 1 9 11March 20091day, more than110,000 women from Austria, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland and other countries gathered together to celebrate International Women's Day. 19 13 On the last Sunday of February, Russian women celebrated their International Women's Day by holding demonstrations against World War I; 1965438+on March 8, 2004, women from many European countries held anti-war demonstrations; In memory of nearly 2 million Russian women who died in World War I, Russian women went on strike on March 8 19 17 (February 23 in Russian calendar), which started the "February Revolution". Four days later, the tsar was forced to abdicate, and the interim government announced that it would give women the right to vote. It can be said that it was this series of women's movements that took place in Europe and America at the beginning of the last century that jointly contributed to the birth of March 8 International Women's Day, instead of being taken for granted as the legacy of the international communist movement.
The rapid development of capitalist industries in Britain and France provided economic conditions for the emergence of women's movements. 19 in the 1930s and 40s, Britain and France entered the stage of great development of machinery industry, and the factory system with large machines as the main body replaced the workshop handicraft system, which led to the rapid and huge development of social productive forces. The victory of bourgeois revolutions in various countries provided political conditions for the emergence of women's movements. Bourgeois women actively participated in their own bourgeois revolutionary movement, and the women's movement began to rise with the bourgeois revolution. The ideas of "freedom", "equality" and "natural human rights" in the bourgeois Renaissance, the Religious Reform and the Enlightenment provided ideological conditions for the emergence of women's movements, such as the Declaration of Independence in the United States and the Declaration of Human Rights in France, which inspired women's awareness of equal rights and were the direct ideological source and theoretical basis for the emergence of women's movements.
Under the influence of the industrial revolution, advanced women broke through the feudal shackles since the Middle Ages and went to society, having the same social weight as men. However, emerging male-dominated politicians still despise women, so they started the struggle for equal rights.
Development and evolution
The idea of setting up International Women's Day originated in the early 20th century, when western countries were in the stage of rapid industrialization and economic expansion. Poor working conditions and low wages have led to various protests and strikes. On March 8th, 1857, women garment and textile workers in new york, USA took to the streets to protest against poor working conditions and low wages. Although the authorities later dispatched police to attack and disperse the protesters, this protest led to the establishment of the first trade union organization in March two years later.
In the next few years, there were similar protests on March 8 almost every year. The most striking thing is that in 1908, nearly15,000 women took to the streets of new york, demanding shorter working hours (eight-hour working hours), higher wages and voting rights (women's voting rights), and shouting the slogan of "bread and roses" symbolizing economic security and quality of life. Women's Day was first celebrated on February 28th. 1909. At that time, the American Socialist Party issued a declaration calling for a commemoration on the last Sunday of February every year. This annual celebration lasts until 19 13.
1910 On August 26 -27, 2000, on the eve of the Second International Copenhagen Conference, Tzetkin presided over the Second International Socialist Women's Conference as the secretary of the International Women's Registry. Tsetkin drafted a resolution on the basic principles of women's voting rights. The resolution was adopted by 90 votes in favour and 10 against.
This resolution stipulates that "proletarian-conscious political organizations and trade unions in all countries unanimously agree that socialist women in all countries should have a festival every year, the main purpose of which is to help women obtain the right to vote, and women's right to vote must be treated together with the whole women's issue in accordance with socialist principles." Women's Day must be internationalized and carefully prepared. "
The Second International Socialist Women's Congress did not have a resolution on the establishment of International Women's Day, nor did it specify which day was Women's Day. Because the Copenhagen Women's Conference did not set a specific date for International Women's Day. So the activities to celebrate this festival before 1922 are random.
19 1 19 March 19, proletarian women in some European countries held the first celebration of International Women's Day in history. Rallies for voting rights were held all over Germany, and more than 5,000 male and female workers participated in Berlin alone. Women in Denmark, Austria, Switzerland and other countries also held rallies and parades. A total of/kloc-0.00 million people held various activities to celebrate International Women's Day.
Six days later, on March 25th, a fire broke out in the famous new york Triangle Underwear Factory in new york, which killed 140 female garment workers, most of whom were Italian and Jewish immigrants. Poor working conditions are considered to be the main cause of such heavy casualties. The fire later had an important impact on American labor legislation.
Modern development
On the eve of the outbreak of World War I, European women also took to the streets on March 8, 2003 1965438+2003 to oppose the war by holding peaceful assemblies and other forms.
During the period of 1912-15, on March19, Tzetkin published an article in Equality, the official publication of the International Women's Registry, to commemorate International Women's Day. The celebration of International Women's Day was chosen on this day to commemorate the uprising of Parisian workers and working women on March 187 18 against the attack of government forces on the artillery positions of the National Guard in Mont martel. This uprising led to the birth of the Paris Commune.
The commemoration of International Women's Day later proved to be a prelude to the Russian revolution. During the February Revolution in Russia 19 17, women workers in Petrograd responded to the call of Bolsheviks and held a demonstration to celebrate International Women's Day on March 8 (February 23 in Russian calendar), demanding "bread and peace" and taking part in the strike of 90,000 male and female workers. Later, it developed into an uprising against the imperialist war and the czar's autocratic system and was overthrown. After the success of the October Revolution, Bolshevik feminist Alexandra mikhailov Koruntai persuaded Lenin to make March 8th a legal holiday. In the Soviet era, this day was commemorated every year as a "heroic female worker".
After the November Revolution in Germany 19 18, the celebration of International Women's Day in191921was held on March 5th. Today is Luxembourg's birthday. Two commemorative articles published by Lenin in 1920 and 192 1 were written on March 4th.
1921September 9- 15, the second international congress of communist women was held in Moscow, attended by 82 representatives from 28 countries. At the meeting, Bulgarian women suggested that March 8 be designated as International Women's Day to commemorate the heroic struggle of Russian women workers in the February Revolution of 19 17. The Second International Congress of Communist Women adopted this proposal and adopted a resolution to designate March 8 as International Women's Day.
Since then, proletarian women all over the world celebrate their festivals in different forms every year on this day, but because of the development and changes of the times, their purpose is not only to fight for women's right to vote. Starting from 1922, the official publications of the Comintern Executive Committee, Soviet Pravda, International Newsletter and Comintern, all opened columns in March to introduce International Women's Day and the struggle, life and work of proletarian women in various countries.
However, among the people, the political color of festivals has gradually faded and evolved into an opportunity to express respect and love to women, such as Mother's Day and Valentine's Day in the west. Until now, this day is still a legal holiday in Russia, and men will give gifts to women to celebrate the festival.
In western countries, the commemoration of International Women's Day was held normally in the 1920s and 1930s, but it was once interrupted. It was not until the 1960 s that it gradually recovered with the rise of the feminist movement.
The United Nations celebrated International Women's Day from 1975, which confirmed the tradition of ordinary women striving for equal participation in society. 1997, the General Assembly adopted a resolution inviting countries to choose a certain day of the year to be declared as the United Nations Women's Rights and World Peace Day according to their own history and national traditions and customs. United Nations initiatives have led to the establishment of a national legal framework for achieving gender equality and increased public awareness of the urgent need to improve the status of women in all areas. The origin of festivals
From 1924, the people of China celebrated the "March 8th" International Women's Day for the first time, which became an important field of the women's movement in China led by the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. As a century-old women's movement in China, March 8th International Women's Day represents the revolutionary tradition and its special public cultural space. On March 1924, the people of China officially celebrated March 8 International Women's Day for the first time, which was the honeymoon period of the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
The Second National Congress of China held in July, 1922 began to pay attention to women's issues. The resolution of the Second National Congress of communist party, China on the women's movement put forward that "women's liberation should be accompanied by labor liberation, and only when the proletariat gains political power can women be truly liberated", which is the consistent guiding principle of the women's movement. Subsequently, Xiang Jingyu became the first female minister in the Communist Party of China (CPC). In the following years, she led the struggle of female workers in Shanghai many times, and in a short period of 1922, she launched 18 strikes among 30,000 female workers in 60 silk factories in Shanghai. However, at that time, women in the Communist Party of China (CPC) were weak. In June 1922, there were only four women party member, and in June 1923, there were only 13 women. It is urgent to establish a broad United front of women's movement. 1in June, 923, the third national congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) put forward that "women's movements in general, such as women's rights movement, political participation movement and prostitution abolition movement, are also very important" and "party member, a woman of our party, should guide and unite these movements at any time and place. Slogans should be "Great Unity of the National Women's Movement", "Breaking the Old Morality of Slave Women", "Equality of Education between Men and Women", "Equality of Occupation between Men and Women", "Women should have the right to inherit", "Freedom of social interaction between men and women", "Freedom of marriage and divorce", "Equality of wages between men and women", "Protection of maternity" and "Sponsoring working women compatriots". In addition to these slogans, we should also join the slogans of two national revolutionary movements, "Down with warlords" and "Down with foreign imperialism", so as to guide women, who account for half of the population, to participate in the national revolutionary movements.
In the year when the Second National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held, Dr. Sun Yat-sen convened a Kuomintang reform meeting in Shanghai, reorganized the Kuomintang again, and stipulated in the newly revised party program and general chapter the establishment of a "women's committee" to "investigate the situation of women at home and abroad and study the solutions to domestic women's problems". 1924 In Guangzhou, there are few opportunities for women to go to school and get employment. According to statistics, there are only more than 200 female teachers and medical staff in the city, and only more than 6,000 female students. After the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, along with the vigorous national revolutionary movement, Guangzhou women near Hong Kong and Macao began to accept the influence of the international women's revolutionary movement. 1924 65438+ 10, He Xiangning, Minister of Women's Department of the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang of China, put forward the proposal that "women should be equal in law, economy and education" at the first congress of the Kuomintang of China, which was adopted by the congress, prompting the platform of the Declaration of the First National Congress of the Kuomintang of China to clearly stipulate: "Equality between men and women is confirmed by law. Therefore, the principle of equality and legal status of women in all aspects of society has been established. He Xiangning's position as the most important leader of women's movement in the early period of China Kuomintang is beyond doubt. During this period, the Women's Department of the Kuomintang, as the party affairs department of the Kuomintang Central Committee, also paid attention to "the national revolution is the only way for women to survive" and closely linked women's liberation with saving the country; At this point, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party have a basic consensus on women's work.
After the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party was realized, according to the resolutions of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, female party member and youth league members joined the Kuomintang in their personal capacity and participated in the leadership work of women's departments at all levels of the Kuomintang. Xiang Jingyu, Cai Chang, Deng, and other early women's leaders in the Communist Party of China (CPC) successively held leading positions in the Women's Department of the Kuomintang Central Committee and the Women's Department of the Shanghai-Guangdong Local Party Department.
Development and evolution
1924, the commemoration of International Women's Day in Guangzhou not only became the first public commemoration of Women's Day in China, but also became an important area of the United front of the Kuomintang-Communist cooperative women's movement. "International Women's Day has therefore become a grand festival for women to educate, review their own strength and strengthen unity."
1924 In late February, at the meeting of cadres of the Women's Department of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang, He Xiangning proposed to hold a meeting in Guangzhou to celebrate the "March 8th" International Women's Day, and the Central Women's Department was responsible for launching a rally and demonstration. After the meeting, He Xiangning presided over the preparations for the commemorative activities. On March 3rd, 1924, Guangzhou Zhixin School gave a special speech entitled "The Nature of International Women's Day", introducing the history and significance of Women's Day. This speech can be said to be the first time that a political party in China introduced the concept of "International Women's Day" to the public in China.
On March 4th, 1924, the Women's Department of the Kuomintang Central Committee issued a circular on behalf of Minister Zeng Xing, calling on all women's groups in Guangzhou to hold a demonstration on March 8th in response to the "great solidarity demonstration movement" of women all over the world, and sent representatives to attend the preparatory meeting held in Zhixin Girls' School on the afternoon of March 5th. At 2 pm the next day, hundreds of women representatives from all walks of life held a preparatory mobilization meeting in the auditorium of Zhixin Girls' School, and elected He Xiangning as the president of the meeting. He Xiangning said that the March of March 8 Women's Day in Guangzhou will be the first commemoration of March 8 Women's Day organized by China, which is of great significance. The delegates applauded warmly and offered suggestions for organizing this activity. The meeting finally decided to send 1 and 12 people to distribute leaflets on women's issues in the main streets of Guangzhou on March 7, so as to arouse the public's attention and mobilize women from all walks of life to participate in the conference and parade; 2. On the morning of March 8th, 1 1 held a demonstration meeting in the First Garden, and asked the Guangdong Provincial Department of Education and the Guangzhou Municipal Education Bureau to inform all the students from provincial and municipal schools to attend; 3. Hold a parade on the roads in the city after the meeting, and prepare to be accompanied by the team's speech team, and ask the Municipal Public Security Bureau to send military police to protect it; 4. Identify various banners and slogans, such as "liberating China's colonial status", "liberating women from the oppression of the capital system" and "demanding women's right to work, equal education, equal wages, women's political participation and all women's rights".
The Republic of China Daily in Guangzhou cheered for the March 8th commemoration in Guangzhou. On March 5th, the newspaper published an article "Celebrating International Women's Day", detailing the history of International Women's Day and the activities of Germany, Britain, Austria and Russia to celebrate March 8th Women's Day. On March 6th, a commentary titled Women's Day was published, pointing out that women in China have been dominated by "male chauvinism" for thousands of years, and the Kuomintang Central Committee proposed to hold "March 8th" Women's Day, with the purpose of raising women's awareness, getting rid of bad habits and seeking women's "consciousness" and "independence". On March 7, the newspaper published the trend of International Women's Day, informed the Women's Department of the Kuomintang Central Committee of the specific time, place and parade route of the March 8 commemoration in Guangzhou, and issued a mobilization order to the majority of women.
On the morning of March 8th, 1924, China's first public commemoration of March 8th International Women's Day was held in Guangzhou. A temporary stage was set up in the music pavilion of the first park in the city center, and a banner of "Celebrating International Women's Day" was hung directly above it. Slogans such as "Women demand the right to work" were also posted around the venue. 10 or so, more than 2,000 students and women from more than 30 schools including Zhixin School, Normal University, Law School, Municipal School, Women's Vocational Training Institute, Nanny School and Tuqiang School participated. 1 1, the conference officially started, and was presided over by Helen Sim, president of Guangzhou Work-study School. Later, He Xiangning presided over the conference and delivered a speech, introducing the origin and commemorative significance of "March 8" Women's Day, painstakingly describing all kinds of sufferings suffered by women under the oppression of imperialism and feudalism, and encouraging women to resolutely take the road of "overthrowing feudalism, overthrowing imperialism and women's self-liberation". Participants responded with warm applause and slogans. Liao also came to entertain and delivered a speech entitled "The Nature of International Women's Day". Qu Qiubai and others were also invited to attend and speak in support of the women's mass movement. The women at the meeting were passionate, and loud slogans such as "Down with foreign imperialism" and "Eliminating concubinage and polygamy" came one after another.
After the celebration, He Xiangning, Zeng Xing, inspectors Helen Sim, Tang Yungong and picket Liao Bingjun set out from the First Park and marched on foot. They passed Jixiang Road, Yuehua Road Governor's Office, Renguang Road Provincial Department of Finance and Yonghan North Road according to the scheduled route, then transferred from Tianzi Wharf to Pearl River Long Beach, Taiping South Road, Yide Road and Weixin Road, and finally returned to the First Park for dissolution. Along the way, the procession chanted slogans such as "Down with feudalism", "Down with imperialism", "Protection of pregnant women with child labor" and "Abolishing the prostitution system". "For the first time, the demands of women in China were comprehensively put forward." He Xiangning also organized 10 people to distribute conference slogans and leaflets, and sent 27 propaganda groups to factories, theaters and other places to publicize the spirit of the conference and stimulate women's consciousness. Many watching women stood on both sides of the street, echoing slogans, and some people joined the parade. Girls and students also took more than a dozen cars with various flags, gave speeches on other streets of the city, distributed leaflets, and publicized the significance of commemorating the "March 8" festival and seeking women's liberation. Taking this as an opportunity, the women's movement in Guangdong has gradually developed, and more and more women have devoted themselves to the torrent of women's liberation and national revolution. Women took part in this struggle as an important force. It is of great significance to integrate the struggle for women's rights into the tide of the times for civil rights. "This is the prelude to the history of systematic and planned progress of the women's movement in China under the same goals and strategies."
In late February and early March of 1924, the women's departments of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party held a series of activities around "March 8" International Women's Day, which was the first time for China people to celebrate International Women's Day. This year is still "except Guangzhou, the women's circles in other places have never heard of any action on this International Women's Day." However, since then, "March 8th" International Women's Day has spread rapidly all over China and among women's groups, and the annual celebrations have been continuous. 1925 "March 8" International Women's Day, women representatives from all over the world gathered in Beiping to hold demonstrations to protest against the absurd provisions of the government regarding women as non-nationals. On March 8th International Women's Day, 1926, "working women especially in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hankou and Tianjin" launched a large-scale commemorative campaign. In Yang Zhihua's memory, this year's commemorative activities are not only huge in big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, but also in small and medium-sized cities such as Meizhou, Wuzhou, Yibin, Baoding, Youling and Pingjiang.
On March 8th, 1927, Wuhan was more lively than before-65,438+10,000 women marched to celebrate International Women's Day. Huang Dinghui, a member of * * * who has a legendary life experience (then named Huang Mulan and then Minister of Women's Department of Wuhan) said in the oral memory of the 1990s: "1927, I was appointed as the director of preparation for celebrating March 8th International Women's Day ... On March 8th,1000000 women gathered in the downtown square, and we had a meeting first. Many famous figures from the Kuomintang and communist party were present. I am the chairman of the meeting, which is a great honor given to me by the party and the people. This incident has made many people still remember me. After the speech, the meeting ended, and then1100,000 women marched to the stands where the guests were, and then continued to March to the city center. "
Although the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party failed not long after, the tradition of "March 8th" International Women's Day, as an important field of education mobilization, has been maintained in the women's work of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. 1932, Ruijin celebrated the first International Women's Day after the establishment of the Provisional Central Government of chinese soviet republic, and "held a large-scale mass commemorative meeting attended by tens of thousands of people". Mao Zedong made a speech and "reviewed the women's Red Guards in the Soviet area". After the establishment of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, International Women's Day will not only be celebrated regularly every year, but also the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China will issue documents and instructions in advance, such as 1938 Central Committee's instructions on March 8th, 194 1 Central Committee's instructions on March 8th to Party committees at all levels. Celebrations and commemorative activities before and after the March 8th Festival have become an important starting point for China to issue policies on women's work, establish a United front for women's work and mobilize grassroots women to participate in the women's movement. This tradition was also well inherited in the new China period.
On the Kuomintang side, the function of "March 8" International Women's Day as an important public activity space for mobilizing women did not disappear with the failure of the Great Revolution. Although the Nanjing National Government adopted a austerity policy towards the mass women's movement, the March 8th International Women's Day was not only an important festival, but also a resounding battle horn, whether in the "New Life Movement" or later in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Non-governmental women's organizations even used the unique opportunity of "March 8" International Women's Day to mobilize women to participate in women's movements in various forms. For example, on International Women's Day in 193 1, women from all walks of life gathered in Nanjing to petition the National Government and the Central Party Department of the Kuomintang, demanding that the government stipulate the number of women deputies to the National Assembly. This activity indirectly contributed to the successful election of women deputies to the National Assembly in 1936, which was an important step taken by women's political participation movement in modern China.
Before the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the celebration of International Women's Day on March 8th became an important field for all walks of life in China to demand "stopping the civil war" and "unanimously resisting Japan". Xie Bingying, a female writer, once wrote "How Difficult the March 8th Festival is" to commemorate that she and her friends founded Women's Light magazine at their own expense during the 1932 Shanghai "December 28th" Anti-Japanese War, and planned to hold a demonstration on March 8th, only to be arrested and banned on Women's Day. 1936 "March 8" Festival, although the government had banned the assembly and procession at that time, Beijing, Shanghai and other places still held grand demonstrations, and China * * * even organized more than 2,000 women from all walks of life to hold a commemorative meeting and put forward the slogan "Women's circles unite", and then held a massive demonstration. This is the forerunner of women's movement in the future national anti-Japanese war. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, all kinds of celebrations were held every year for International Women's Day, whether in Chongqing, Yan 'an, Xi 'an, Chengdu or isolated Shanghai. Take 1940 as an example. "Not only Chongqing, Chengdu, Jinhua, Kunming, Guilin, Guizhou and other big cities held a warm conference to commemorate the March 8th, but also tens of millions of people marched and issued special issues ... remote towns and villages were everywhere. In order to win the national war of resistance against Japan, on March 8 this year, women everywhere unanimously put forward the slogans of "implementing constitutionalism", "opposing Wang Su's rape" and "national women's unity." March 8th International Women's Day, as an important field of China women's movement led by the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, deserves attention. The revolutionary and combative nature behind the March 8th commemoration in China is also worth remembering. 1946 As soon as the Anti-Japanese War ended, the celebration of International Women's Day on March 8th of that year evolved into a stage where the Kuomintang and the Communist Party competed for the right to speak and led the women's movement in China.
Modern development
After 1949, People's Daily published an editorial on March 8 International Women's Day every year, which became an important part of the large-scale commemoration of March 8 International Women's Day sponsored by the All-China Women's Federation. Obviously, since the Great Revolution, the tradition of carrying out women's work with March 8th International Women's Day as an important carrier has been well inherited in New China.
195 1 International Women's Day, Beijing, Shanghai and other places organized women's demonstrations to protest the armed occupation of Japan by the United States. It is said that there are 654.38+ten thousand people in Shanghai, and these two marches were on the cover of New China Women 19 and 2 1 respectively. "These two large-scale women's gatherings are the first large-scale women's gatherings organized by women's federations in the two places after the founding of the People's Republic of China. Such activities not only show the patriotic spirit of women in China, but also the preset audience is not only American imperialism. Organizers and participants will understand that as a single-sex female demonstration, they show the power of new China women, and the audience can include all China men and women who still discriminate against women. " Even in New China, it is still of great significance for official women's leading organizations such as the Women's Federation to show "New China Women" as a collective political subject with the help of "March 8" International Women's Day, a festival with distinct gender attributes.
Since 1960, the selection and commendation activities of "March 8th Red Flag Bearer" and "March 8th Red Flag Collective" have endowed the image of "New China Women" marked by "female model workers" with a clearer gender attribute since the founding of New China. The evaluation activity of "March 8th Red Flag Bearer (Collective)" started at 1960, and the evaluation standard was put forward in People's Daily on129. In the People's Daily notice of February 1960, it was further pointed out that the significance of this appraisal activity is that "all women in the country should be ambitious, strive to become red, diligent, skillful and thrifty socialist working women, and make greater contributions to the completion and overfulfilling of the national construction plan of 1960 and the rapid construction of socialism. 1960 On March 5th, the broadcast conference of 10000 (actually 10002) "March 8th Red Flag Bearer" (6305) and "March 8th Red Flag Collective" (3697) jointly organized by the All-China Women's Federation and china national radio was held in Beijing. Nowadays, it is hard for people to imagine the grand occasion of this broadcast commendation conference. " From the frontier to the inland, from the coast to the mountainous area, our vast motherland is the venue for broadcasting conferences. More than/kloc-0.2 billion women from all walks of life attended the meeting. "
Despite the influence of the Cultural Revolution, the business of the All-China Women's Federation basically stopped during the Cultural Revolution, and the People's Daily stopped publishing March 8th editorials from 65438 to 0967. However, thanks to the efforts of women's work leaders in China, such as Kang Keqing and Deng, this tradition was restored in 1973, which was completely in line with the process of rebuilding women's organizations and re-emphasizing women's work in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. 1978 On March 4th, the All-China Women's Federation held a forum in the capital for women from all walks of life to celebrate March 8th International Women's Day, and the selection of March 8th red flag bearers (collectives) interrupted during the Cultural Revolution was resumed in 1979, making March 8th International Women's Day an important field of women's movement and work in China since 1924.