Lesson one

1, "Without rules, there would be no Fiona Fang", which means that everything should have rules, understand the rules and abide by them.

2. Rules are systems or articles of association stipulated by social organizations for everyone to abide by in order to achieve a certain goal.

3. Rules exist in written form, such as school rules, community conventions and laws. -written regulations. Be handed down in a traditional way, such as customary unwritten rules. ※.

4. The role of rules: rules are not to restrain and control people's behavior, but to make people live in an orderly, safe and healthy way. Rules show the norms of life, establish the order of life and improve the efficiency of life. ※. At the same time, everyone is equal before the rules or laws, which can bring fairness and justice to our lives.

5. When Cheng was in office (vice chairman of the National People's Congress), he illegally accepted other people's property, and the amount was huge. The court found that Cheng's behavior violated the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and constituted the crime of accepting bribes. Sentenced to death, deprived of political rights for life, and confiscated all personal property. This shows that everyone is equal before the law, and whoever breaks the law, no matter how high the status, will be punished by the law.

6. The law is a rule made by the state, and everyone must abide by it. ※.

7. Respect for the law is an important symbol of a civilized society.

8. Rules appear to solve contradictions in life and establish life order. ※.

9. Many rules come from life and change with the needs of life.

The appearance of roads, crosswalks and zebra crossings shows that the rules are neither natural nor new. With the development of society and the needs of life, it is constantly formulated by people in order to solve the contradictions and problems in life. )

10, new situation appears, and new rules need to be formulated.

The appearance of space traffic rules shows that any rules are justified. It is an objective requirement for the development of modern space science and technology to formulate new laws and regulations applicable to the space society. Facing the new situation and problems in the new era, we need to consider new rules. Even in a space so far away from people, we should regulate it to ensure its normal order.

1 1. We are people who abide by the rules and make them. We can make rules according to our needs. ※. (such as the formulation of class rules)

12, the public has the right and way to participate in the formulation of rules and the process of government selecting consumer representatives. Explain that the rules come from problems and are applied to reality. Not to restrain and control people's behavior, but to make people live in an orderly, safe, healthy and comfortable way.

13, in China, all important laws have to be deliberated and passed by the National People's Congress. The National People's Congress (NPC) is the highest organ of state power in China, and it is also the organ that exercises the legislative power of the state, and occupies the primary position in the system of state organs. ※.

Lesson 2

13, the basic rights enjoyed by every citizen (including minors) are: life and health (the most basic right), education, guardianship, personal freedom, portrait, name, reputation, honor, copyright, criticism and suggestion (supervision) and so on. All rights should be exercised in accordance with rules and laws. ※.

14. The laws protecting citizens' rights are:

The Constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC) or the Constitution, the fundamental law, stipulates and guarantees the basic rights of all citizens;

General Principles of the Civil Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) or General Principles of the Civil Law-there are also provisions to protect citizens' basic rights (right to life and health, right to name, right to portrait, right to reputation, etc.). );

The Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Minors or the Law on the Protection of Minors-specifically stipulates and protects the rights enjoyed by minors;

People's Republic of China (PRC) Compulsory Education Law or Compulsory Education Law-Protecting the Right to Education

Education Law of the People's Republic of China or Education Law-Protecting the Right to Education

15, responsibilities of minors. ※:

(1) Duty at home: respect the elderly, be filial to parents, be thrifty and do what you can, such as washing clothes, washing dishes and mopping the floor.

(2) school obligations: receive education, study hard, unite and be friendly, abide by the code of conduct for middle school students, care for the campus environment, and do not litter;

(3) Community obligations: protect the ecological environment, maintain public order and take good care of public property. 16. Only when everyone fulfills his obligations can we fully enjoy our rights. Many obligations are our responsibilities given by the rules.

17, the rules on obligations are embodied in written rules and laws, as well as in daily ethics.

18. At home, at school and everywhere, we are all members of society. While fully exercising the rights entrusted to us by law, we should also faithfully fulfill the obligations entrusted to us by law.

19. In modern social life, there are no rules that only talk about rights but not obligations, and there are no rules that only talk about obligations but not rights.

20. Exercising rights and fulfilling obligations in the rules is the guarantee for our free growth. ※.

2 1, freedom is always based on rules. ※.

22. The relationship between freedom and rules: In human society, freedom without any constraints and restrictions does not exist, and individual freedom can only be within the prescribed scope. Rules are mandatory codes of conduct to ensure people's real freedom. ※.

P49 The traffic accidents in Europe show that if we don't obey the rules, people's lives will be seriously affected, even life-threatening, not to mention freedom. In essence, the generation and formulation of rules is to make society run more orderly, fairer and more reasonable, and to make people's lives more convenient, safer and faster, rather than restricting people's freedom.

24. The more the society develops and progresses, the more perfect and detailed the rules are. If wearing a hat is personal freedom, others have no right to interfere, but if it affects the city appearance and national image, it is another matter.

Lesson 3

22. In order to ensure the basic living rights of all social members, the state has established a system of providing assistance and subsidies in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, which is the so-called social security system.

23. The social security system includes: social insurance (endowment insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, industrial injury insurance and maternity insurance), social relief (poor areas and poor residents) and social welfare (all kinds of disabled and insecure people, such as unaccompanied children or the elderly). ※.

24, 1 10- Fei Jing-report location and danger. ※

119-fire alarm-report the fire location and site conditions.

120- medical emergency-report the patient's position and condition.

122- Traffic accident alarm-Report the accident location and site conditions.

25. In the face of special difficulties and dangers in life, you can turn to the social security system and specialized relief agencies according to the rules. In the face of all problems in life, we should and can strive for proper solutions according to the rules.

26. Consumer Rights Day-March 15

27. What will you do when your personal rights and interests are violated?

(1) Revenge-try to be brave for a moment, do something unjust, harm others and yourself, and can't solve the problem. (wrong)

(2) submit to humiliation-encourage criminals to behave more arrogantly and play a conniving role. In the long run, it will inevitably affect personal physical and mental health and academic performance. (wrong)

(3) report the case (that is, protect your rights and interests through legal means)-ask law enforcement agencies such as the police station for help, use legal weapons to protect your legitimate rights and interests, and also protect the safety of other students. . (It's a sign of using legal means correctly to protect oneself. ※

28. What should we do when we can't master all the legal knowledge and rules?

The effective way is to find a lawyer. A lawyer is a person who specializes in law and provides legal services to the society with professional legal knowledge.

What can lawyers do for us? ※? (or what is the role of a lawyer? )

(1). Act as a legal adviser and handle relevant legal affairs; (2) providing legal advice;

(3) writing legal documents; (four) to accept the entrustment as a defender or agent of various cases.

30. What are the words and deeds of the three characters in the cartoon of the textbook "Gentlemen Speak"?

(1) Passers-by "don't care about themselves, hang high", and the attitude of doing more than one thing is a sign of lack of social responsibility.

(2) Site managers divide their responsibilities into commuting, and finding problems will only shirk their responsibilities, which is a sign of lack of social responsibility.

(3) The students didn't stand idly by, which showed a sense of social responsibility, and they also put it into practice.

3 1, Textbook What rights did two rural students exercise by making suggestions to the relevant departments on the disposal of discarded medicine bottles?

Their actions have exercised citizens' right of criticism and suggestion (that is, supervision).

32. Are social problems directly related to personal interests?

On the surface, many things have no obvious conflict with personal interests, and there are no written regulations that give us the obligation to ask questions about everything. But in fact, the problems reflected by these things have harmed the interests of the state, collective property and the public, threatened the environment on which we live and develop, and ultimately are not conducive to the survival and development of all people.

33. Taking responsibility is a sign of healthy growth. Everyone's responsibility is a sign of social civilization and progress.

Comprehensive survey 7

34. No matter what the problem is, we have the right to put forward our own suggestions to solve it, which means exercising the right of criticism and suggestion, that is, exercising the right of supervision.

35, widespread social problems:

(1) Public security problem-serious theft and robbery.

(2) Traffic problems-congestion and non-compliance with traffic rules.

(3) Environmental problems-motor vehicle exhaust, industrial pollution (waste water, waste gas, waste), disposable articles (wooden chopsticks, fast food boxes, plastic bags), and excessive packaging.

(4) Domestic pollution-spitting, chewing gum residue and randomly stacked domestic garbage.

※ 36. Format of investigation report:

(1) Title: Investigation on. ...

(2) Method of investigation: time, place and method.

(3) Survey results: conclusion or data display.

(4) Analysis and discussion: Analyze the causes of the problems.

(5) Suggestions and ideas: propose solutions to problems.

(6) Summary: What I felt and realized through my own investigation report.

37. Ways or methods to reasonably reflect suggestions. ※:

(1) can be directly reflected to the relevant personnel by calling or writing to the relevant state organs.

(2) Interview with people's representatives

(3) You can write to the news media and express your opinions publicly.

Unit 8 Review Outline

The first lesson is the choice you will always face.

1. Consumers are our initial and most stable position in economic life. Consumption is the process of enjoying goods and services to meet our daily needs. ※.

The relationship between production and consumption is: production determines consumption, and consumption affects production.

Commodity conditions: including both the commodities produced and the commodities to be sold in the market.

The emergence of e-commerce has broken the traditional face-to-face transaction and enabled people far away to conduct transactions.

The factors that affect people's shopping are: quality, price, origin, brand, after-sales service, shoppers' needs and preferences, the influence of advertising and shopping environment.

The factors that affect the price change are: season, time and place of placing goods, hot spots of life, brand and so on.

How to shop is reasonable? First of all, we should live within our means and arrange expenditures according to our own income level, so that expenditures can adapt to the income level. Secondly, don't forget thrift at any time. It's best to analyze and compare before buying when shopping. Thirdly, when shopping, we should proceed from our actual needs and don't blindly follow them.

8. What is Engel's coefficient? What is Engel's Law?

Food expenditure

Engel's coefficient =%, indicating the affluence of people's lives.

Total living consumption expenditure

Engel's law means that the lower the income of a family or individual, the greater the proportion of its food expenditure in the total expenditure. With the increase of household income, the proportion of food expenditure in total household income or expenditure is gradually decreasing. For a country, the poorer the country, the greater the proportion of food expenditure in the average expenditure of each national.

Paying attention to environmental protection has become the pursuit of high-quality life and the symbol of modern civilized life.

10, what is a green lifestyle?

Save resources and reduce pollution; Green consumption, environmental protection procurement; Reuse and reuse; Garbage sorting and recycling; Save species and protect nature. (For example, choose fluoride-free refrigerators, air conditioners and other electrical appliances, and choose washing powder that does not pollute water sources; Choose recycled paper, double-sided paper, recycled waste paper, etc. )

A well-established enterprise is priceless.

10, the 16 word secret of dad's success in starting a business, "People don't have me, people have me, people are superior to me, people are superior to me, and people are inferior to me." Factors that successful investors must consider: market demand, product price, technological transformation and new product development.

1 1. How to avoid risks? Divide the funds equally and diversify the investment. Don't put all your eggs in one basket. To avoid risks in this way, one condition must be met: the factors leading to risks are opposite.

12, the same characteristics of investment: it can bring wealth and risks, and the investment methods and risks that benefit greatly are correspondingly greater.

13, the way to start a business is to seize the opportunity. The essentials of grasping the opportunity are: adapting to the time, adapting to the situation, guiding the situation and adapting to local conditions.

14. Successful entrepreneurs always regard credit as the foundation of their career. Keeping promises will give enterprises opportunities for survival and long-term development; If you don't keep your word, you will lose all your partners and opportunities in the future, and your business will fail.

Lesson 3 It is everyone's responsibility to be the master of the country.

The main ways of family financial management: savings, bonds and insurance. Savings is one of the most common items in the general household ledger. National debt is guaranteed by the state's reputation and financial resources, and the state assumes the responsibility of repaying principal and interest. It is a bond with the least risk, and the interest of bonds is generally higher than that of bank deposits in the same period. No matter what kind of financial management, there are risks.

Planning a family's income and expenditure is called family budget. Family budget is an important way of family financial management. Mainly in two aspects: open source and throttling. Open source means increasing income; Reducing expenses means planning expenses.

The income and expenditure of a country are called finance. How the state plans to arrange income and expenditure is the state budget. In China, the National People's Congress meets once a year, and one of the important topics is to examine and approve the annual budget.

In our life, some important public facilities and services must be established by government investment. The armed forces that defend national security, state organs that work for the people, and many schools and scientific research institutions also rely on the state's income and expenditure.

The most important and stable revenue of national finance comes from taxes. The state collects taxes from taxpayers according to the standards prescribed by law, which is called taxation. There are many kinds of taxes, each of which has a corresponding taxpayer. Personal income tax is a tax that many people have to pay when their personal income reaches a certain amount. "High-income earners pay more taxes and low-income earners pay less taxes". Paying taxes according to law is the basic obligation of citizens. Our national tax is collected by the people.

20. Be a small housekeeper of civilized life: the times are different, and the consumption concept is different. We should respect each other's consumption patterns, but while pursuing high-quality consumption life, we should also be frugal, live within our means, and consume reasonably according to our actual needs. We should not consume excessively and blindly, or even waste indiscriminately.