Su Wu (140-60 years ago), Zi Ziqing, Han nationality, was born in Ling Du (now Xi, Shaanxi Province), the son of Su Jian, the magistrate of Dai Jun County. Minister of western Han dynasty
Emperor Wu is A Lang. In the first year of Tianhan (BC 100), he was ordered to send an envoy to Xiongnu as a corps commander and was detained. Xiongnu nobles repeatedly threatened to induce them to surrender; Later, he moved to Beihai (now Lake Baikal) to herd sheep, threatening that he would not be released to China until the ram gave birth. Su Wu went through hardships and stayed in Xiongnu for nineteen years.
It was not until the end of the Yuan Dynasty (8 1 year ago) that it was put back to the Han Dynasty. After the death of Su Wu, Emperor Gaozu Xuan Di listed him as one of the eleven outstanding figures in Qilin Pavilion, which showed his integrity.
2. Guo Ziyi
Guo Ziyi (697-78 1), Zi Ziyi, was born in Huazhou Zheng (now Huazhou District, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province). An outstanding famous soldier, politician and strategist in Tang Dynasty.
In his early years, he took the lead in martial arts, joined the army as an official, and moved to Jiuyuan as a satrap, which was not reused. After the Anshi Rebellion broke out, he took Shuofang as our envoy, led the troops to be diligent, recovered Hebei and Hedong areas, worshipped the ministers of the Ministry of War and made peace with them.
In the second year of Zhide (757), Li Chu, king of Guangping, recovered the two capitals, moved them to their original places and sealed lord protector. In the first year of Gan Yuan (758), he worshiped China for secretariat. In May of the second year of Gan Yuan (759), he took responsibility for the defeat of Xiangzhou and was dismissed.
In the early year of Baoying's first year (762), after the mutiny in Hedong, he was named King Fenyang, rose up to quell the rebellion, and later lifted the military power. In the winter of the first year of Guangde (763), after Tubo invaded Chang 'an, he was ordered to send troops to expel the enemy of Tubo. ? In the second year of Guangde (764), when Pugu Wynn led the Tubo and Uighur invasion, he advised Uighur to ride alone and work together to break Tubo.
In the fourteenth year of Dali (779), after he acceded to the throne, he worshipped Qiu and the secretary of the secretariat, filled the imperial tomb, conferred the title of "respecting the father", increased the food city and deprived him of real power. Jianzhong was two years old (78 1) and died at the age of eighty-five. He was posthumously awarded as a great master, posthumous title Zhongwu, and was buried with the ancestral hall.
3. Xiang Yu
Xiang Yu (232 BC-202 BC) was born in Xia Xiang, Surabaya (now Suqian City, Jiangsu Province). At the end of Qin Dynasty, he was the leader of peasant uprising, an outstanding strategist, and the grandson of Xiang Yan, a famous Chu State.
In his early years, he followed his uncle Xiang Liang to participate in Wuzhong anti-Qin uprising, and he was brave and good at fighting. After Xiang Liang was killed, he led the army to cross the river to rescue Zhao Wangxie. The Battle of Julu defeated the main force led by Wang Li, which led to the demise of Qin. Claiming to be the overlord of the West Chu, he made Pengcheng (now Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province) his capital, made a general who contributed to Qin, and made the descendants of the nobles of the six countries king.
Hanwang Liu Bang sent troops from Hanzhong, which set off a four-year dispute between Chu and Han. Xiang Yu repeatedly defeated Liu Bang in the frontal battlefield. Peng Yue constantly destroyed the supplies of Chu troops in the rear.
Han Xin unified the north of the Yellow River and sent troops south. Xiang Yu's headstrong, suspicious father Fan Zeng, was defeated by Liu Bang. In 202 BC, Xiang Yu retreated to Gaixia (now Lingbi County, Anhui Province) and attacked Wujiang River (now wujiang town County, Anhui Province). Finally, farewell my concubine, commit suicide in Wujiang River.
As the representative of China's military thought "military situation" (military situation, military tactics, military yin and yang, military skills), Xiang Yu is a military commander who is famous for his outstanding personal force. Li Wanfang commented on Xiang Yu's "brave feathers, unparalleled in the ages."
4. Yue Fei
Yue Fei (165438+March 24th, 003-114265438+1October 27th) was born in Tangyin, Xiangzhou (now tangyin county, Henan). The famous anti-Jin generals, militarists, militarists, national heroes, calligraphers and poets in the Southern Song Dynasty ranked first among the "Four Generals of Zhongxing" in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Yue Fei joined the army four times since he was twenty years old. From the second year of Yan's founding (1 128) to the eleventh year of Shaoxing (1 14 1), he participated in and directed hundreds of battles. 8 jin j attack jiangnan, independent, anti-jin, recover health.
In the fourth year of Shaoxing (1 134), six counties in Xiangyang were recovered. In the sixth year of Shaoxing (1 136), he led the northern expedition and successfully captured Shangzhou and Zhouguo. In the tenth year of Shaoxing (1 140), Hong Yanzong destroyed the alliance and attacked Song, Yue Fei sent troops to the northern expedition, and the people of the two rivers rushed to tell each other. Rebels all over the country responded in succession and launched an attack on the 8 Jin Army.
Yue Jiajun successively recovered Zhengzhou and Luoyang, defeated Jin Jun in Yancheng and Yingchang, and marched into Zhuxian Town. However, Song Gaozong, Zhao Gou and Prime Minister Qin Gui made peace with one heart and urged the army to move forward with twelve "golden plates".
During the Song-Jin peace talks, Yue Fei was framed and imprisoned by Qin Gui, Zhang Jun and others. 114265438+1October, he was killed together with his eldest son Yue Yun and Zhang Xi 'an. When he was in Song Xiaozong, he was rehabilitated and reburied in Qixialing, West Lake, chasing Wu Mu, then Zhong Wu and sealing the king of Hubei.
Yue Fei was an outstanding commander in chief in the Southern Song Dynasty. He attached great importance to the people's resistance to gold, and made a plan of "connecting the river with the new moon", arguing that the people in the north of the Yellow River and Song Jun should cooperate with each other to recover lost land.
Manage the army, reward and punishment are clear, discipline is strict, and you can sympathize with your subordinates and set an example. The "Yue Jiajun" led by him is known as "freezing to death without demolishing the house and starving to death without being captured". The Jin army has a comment that "it is easy to shake the mountain, but difficult to shake the Yue family army" to show its sincere admiration for the Yue family army.
Yue Fei's literary talent is also rare among generals. His masterpiece "Xie Honghuai across the Yangtze River" is a patriotic masterpiece that has been told through the ages, and later generations have compiled anthologies.
5. Wen Tianxiang
Wen Tianxiang (1June 6, 236-12831October 9), formerly known as Sun Yun, was named Song Rui with a good word. Road number floating Taoist, Wenshan people. Luling, Jizhou County, Jiangxi Province (now futian town, Qingyuan District, Ji 'an City, Jiangxi Province) was a politician, writer, patriotic poet, famous anti-Yuan minister and national hero at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, and together with Lu Xiufu and Zhang Shijie, he was also called "three outstanding men in the end of the Song Dynasty".
Baoyu was the first scholar in four years (1256). In the year of Kai Qing Yuan (1259), he was awarded the judge of the Navy Festival. In April of the sixth year of Xian Chun (1270), he served as the military supervisor and also managed the bachelor's college. He was dismissed from office because he made sarcastic remarks in Jia Sidao when drafting the imperial edict.
In the first year of Deyou (1275), the Yuan army went down the Yangtze River, and Wen Tianxiang ran out of money for the army, recruiting 50,000 diligent soldiers and entering Wei 'an. Xuanren was appointed as the ambassador of western Zhejiang and Jiangdong, and also known as Pingjiang House. He sent a general to Changzhou, but General Zhang Quan of Huai was defeated and retreated to Yuhang.
He was appointed as the right prime minister and envoy of the Tang Dynasty, and was ordered to make peace with the Yuan Army. Bo Yan, the prime minister of the Yuan Dynasty, was detained and escorted to the north to escape. In May, in Fuzhou, Zhang Shijie, assistant minister Lu Xiufu, right-hand prime minister Chen, etc. They established the sea strategy of going north to Jiangsu and Zhejiang, which was blocked by Chen, so they went to Nanjianfu (now Nanping, Fujian) to gather troops to resist Yuan.
Jingyan attacked Jiangxi again in May of the second year (1277), and was finally forced by the situation and lost to Guangdong. In December of the first year of Xiangxing (1278), he was captured in Wupoling (now Haifeng North, Guangdong).
The following year, Zhang Hongfan, commander-in-chief of the Mongolian and Han armies in the Yuan Dynasty, took him to Jianshan (now Xinhui South) and ordered him to surrender to Zhang Shijie. Wen Tianxiang refused, and The Zero Crossing and Ding Yang was an ambitious book. ? [
After Yuan Shizu was transferred to the Yuan Dynasty (now Beijing), Kublai Khan personally advised him to be the prime minister of Zhongshu. Wen Tianxiang righteously, would rather die than surrender. In the 19th year of Yuan Dynasty (1283 65438+10.9), he died in Dadu. At the age of 47. He is the author of Wenshan Poetry Collection, A Guide to the South, Postscript to the Guide, Song Zhengqi, etc.
6. Qi Jiguang
Qi Jiguang (1528165438+1October12-1588 65438+1October 5), whose name is Jing, was named Nantang, and later died. Han nationality, Penglai, Shandong (Dingyuan, Anhui, Luqiao Town, Weishan County, Jining, Shandong). Famous anti-Japanese warrior, outstanding strategist, calligrapher, poet and national hero in Ming Dynasty.
Qi Jiguang has been fighting against the Japanese pirates in the southeast coast for more than ten years, eliminating the Japanese pirates who invaded the coast for many years and ensuring the safety of people's lives and property along the coast.
Later, it fought against the northern Mongolian tribes for more than ten years, which defended the security of the northern territory and promoted the peaceful development of the Mongolian and Han nationalities. He wrote eighteen new books about Ji Xiao and fourteen practical records of training soldiers, as well as Zhi Zhi Tangji who reported to the court in different historical periods.
At the same time, Qi Jiguang is an outstanding weapon expert and military engineer. He reformed and invented all kinds of fire weapons. The warships and chariots he built made the waterway equipment of the Ming army superior to the enemy; He creatively built a hollow enemy platform on the Great Wall, which can be attacked, retreated and defended. This is a distinctive military project.
7. Zheng Chenggong
Zheng Chenggong (1624.08.26-1662.06.23), whose real name is Sen.. A native of Nan 'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, his ancestral home is Gushi, Henan.
Han nationality, strategist in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, anti-Qing general and national hero. His father's name is Zheng Zhilong and his mother is Tian. Hong Shuangguang Guo Jiansheng was named Zhu by Emperor Qianlong of the Ming Dynasty, and successfully gave him the title of loyalty, filial piety and righteousness. He, Zheng Ci, Zheng Guo and Guo Ye were also called the world, and was named Zheng Yanping by Mongolian emperor Li Yong.
1645 (the second year of Qing Shunzhi, the first year), the Qing army invaded Jiangnan, and soon Zheng Zhilong fell to the Qing Dynasty, and Tian committed suicide in the disorderly army; Zheng Chenggong led his father's headquarters to fight against the Qing Dynasty on the southeast coast of China, and became one of the main military forces in the late Ming Dynasty. At one time, jiangning house (formerly Nanjing in Ming Dynasty) was surrounded by a sea raid, but it was finally repelled by the Qing army, so it could only rely on the advantages of naval warfare to hold on to Xiamen, Jinmen and other islands in Quanzhou.
16 1 year (18th year of Qing Shunzhi, 15th year), led the troops across the Taiwan Province Strait, defeated the troops of the Dutch East India Company in Taiwan Province Province (now Tainan City, Taiwan Province Province) the following year, recovered Taiwan Province Province, and opened Zheng's rule in Taiwan Province Province.
And "Wang Yanping Ji". After Zheng Chenggong's death, Taiwan Province folk built temples to offer sacrifices, among which Tianwang Temple in Yanping County of Tainan was the most important.
8. Lin Zexu
Lin Zexu (1785, August 30th-1850165438+1October 22nd), whose name is Fu, whose name is Mu, whose name is Village Old Man, Village Old Man, Seventy-two Peak Old Man, Bottle Spring Old Man, and Late Oak.
Official to Yipin, served as Governor of Huguang, Governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, Governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, and served as an imperial minister twice; He was called the "national hero" of China because he advocated smoking ban.
1839 When smoking was banned in Guangdong, Lin Zexu sent an unannounced visit to force foreign opium dealers to hand over opium, and the confiscated opium was destroyed in Humen on June 3. The destruction of opium in Humen put Sino-British relations in a state of extreme tension, which became an excuse for British aggression against China during the First Opium War.
Although Lin Zexu struggled against western invasion all his life, he was open to western culture, science and technology and trade, and advocated learning and using it.
According to the literature, he knows at least a little English and Portuguese, and is committed to translating western newspapers and books. Wei Yuan, a thinker in the late Qing Dynasty, compiled the documents translated by Lin Zexu and his aides into "Seaside Map", which inspired the Westernization Movement in the late Qing Dynasty and even the Meiji Restoration in Japan.
1850165438+1On October 22nd, Lin Zexu died in the old county town of Puning.
9. Deng Shichang
Deng Shichang (1849101October 4-1894 September 17), male, Han nationality, formerly known as Yongchang, Guangdong Guangfu, originally from Longdaowei Township, Panyu County, Guangdong Province (now Haizhu District, Guangzhou City). He was a general of Beiyang Navy in the late Qing Dynasty and a national hero. ?
Deng Shichang was one of the earliest naval officers in China, and he was the captain of beiyang fleet Zhiyuan Ship in Qing Dynasty. He has a strong patriotism and often says to soldiers, "Who died? I hope we die well and die well! "
1894 During the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 (1894), he was the captain of the cruiser Zhiyuan. 1September 7, 894, 17 died heroically in the Yellow Sea naval battle and was posthumously awarded the title of Prince Shao Bao. Emperor Guangxu's elegiac couplet wrote: On this day, the world was full of tears and there was a strong naval force.
To commemorate Deng Shichang's great sacrifice, the people created many literary, film and television and opera works, such as The Storm of the Sino-Japanese War, Hero Deng Shichang and the Sino-Japanese War, and praised his heroic feats. There are also many memorial halls to commemorate, pay tribute to and mourn.