Battle of Jingnan:
When Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of the Ming Dynasty was in power, his children and grandchildren were enfeoffed to be vassals everywhere, and the influence of vassals was expanding day by day. Due to the premature death of Prince Zhu Biao, in the thirty-first year of Hongwu (1398), Zhu Yunwen, the great-grandson of the emperor, succeeded to the throne.
Wen Jian and his cronies Qi Tai and Huang Zicheng took a series of measures to reduce the number of vassals. At the same time, troops were deployed around Beiping and in the city, and the guards of Judy, the fourth son of Ming Taizu, were transferred to the Great Wall to get rid of the Prince.
In the first year of Wen Jian (1399), Judy set out for the south, which was called "the battle of Jingnan" in history. Wen Jian started the Northern Expedition with veteran Geng Bingwen, and sent Li Jinglong to continue the Eastern Expedition. However, Emperor Wen Jian also lacked strategy, which led to the continuous elimination of the main forces. Judy attacked at the right time and used this strategy flexibly. After several wars, the main force of the Confederate army was wiped out and finally the victory was advanced. In four years (1402), Wen Jian captured Yingtian (now Nanjing, Jiangsu).
The war lasted for four years (1399- 1402). During the war, Emperor Wen Jian's whereabouts were unknown, or he burned himself to death in his palace, or he fled from the tunnel and hid in Yungui to become a monk. In the same year, Judy ascended the throne for the sake of Ming Chengzu.
Extended data:
I. Historical background:
1, Taizu packet
In April of the third year of Hongwu (1370), Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, tried his best to strengthen the royal family itself in order to ensure the long-term stability of the Ming Dynasty, and his specific method was to enfeoffment all the scholars as kings.
He made 25 members of the imperial clan (24 sons, 1 grandson) prisoners, stationed in the northern border and strategic locations all over the country, hoping to screen the royal family through them. Zhu Yuanzhang once said: "The world is big, we must build a fan screen to protect our country and protect the people. Now that philosophers have grown up and have their own titles, it is more appropriate to divide towns and countries. "
From the national point of view, there are two kinds of princes: one is in the abdomen and the other is in the frontier. The blocked king set up a palace and a butler in his fief, and his status was extremely high. When princes and nobles meet the prince, they all bow down to pay tribute.
The expansion of vassal power will inevitably pose a threat to the central government. When Zhu Yuanzhang sealed the kings, Ye Boju, then the commander of Pingyao, pointed out that the influence of the princes was too heavy, and it was too great after several generations. At that time, it was likely to lead to the tragedy of the "Seven Kingdoms Rebellion" in the Han Dynasty and the "Eight Kings Rebellion" in the Western Jin Dynasty. Remind Zhu Yuanzhang to "reduce the system of its capital, reduce its guards and limit its territory." Zhu Yuanzhang not only refused to listen to advice, but put him in prison and died.
In the process of enfeoffment, Zhu Yuanzhang once stipulated that all the blocked kings must leave the capital and become vassals when they arrive at the fief. Princes are not allowed to communicate with each other. Even if you enter the DPRK, you cannot come at the same time. One king must leave Beijing before another king leaves.
The purpose of Zhu Yuanzhang's move was to prevent the kings from connecting with each other in series against the central authorities. Therefore, kings are vassals, which can be said to be "where will they go?" However, Zhu Yuanzhang's good intentions did not receive the expected consequences.
2. Legacy of "Jingnan"
Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, not only made all the scholars princes, but also wrote an article about "Jingnan" in the law. When Zhu Yuanzhang was in power, he was afraid that the powerful minister would usurp power, and stipulated that Francisco Wang Youquan should beg traitors from the central authorities and send troops to Jun Qing. He said in the "Instructions for Imperial Ancestors": "When there are no officials and ministers in the DPRK, there must be traitors among them, and they will send troops to punish them in order to clear the monarch."
Later, on this ground, Judy called Ji Tai and Huang Zicheng treacherous court officials and called their behavior "Jingnan", which means Jingnan. Therefore, Judy's slogan in Jingnan Campaign is "Jun Qing side, Guo Jing south".
Among them, "quiet south" means: "quiet" means to calm down, sweep down and clear away. "Jingnan" stands for pacifying disasters, pacifying wars and quashing treacherous court officials. However, there is still a rule in the formation of Taizu, that is, before the appearance of the captaincy, the emperor summoned the captaincy, and he must leave Beijing within five days after successfully eradicating the treacherous court official. So this is just an excuse for Judy to take the throne.
Second, Judy's political actions during her reign:
1, strengthen the reduction of Francisco
At the beginning of Yongle, in order to appease the princes and stabilize the domestic situation, we expressed our differences with Emperor Jianwen, and first sealed the old seals of the kings of Zhou, Qi, Dai and Min.
His younger brother, Zhu, Heng, and? Before becoming a vassal, Judy was reduced to the county king. In the same year, Zhu and Zhu, who were already governors, were called to Yanjing, and they were abolished on the grounds that they could not rectify their positions. They were placed under house arrest in Fengyang, leaving only Zhu Jun? Sacrifice Prince Wen Yi and Zhu Jun? Soon he died in a fire in Yongle four years.
Step 2 eliminate dissidents
In Wen Jian's fourth year (1402), after Judy captured Nanjing, Zuo Yidu suggested that Jing Qing assassinate him, but failed. Judy ordered the extermination of Jiuzu and the excavation of ancestral graves. He is also from his hometown, and he turned to crawling and dyeing, which led to the village being full of fairs. Later, it usually refers to Judy's poor governance and loyalty to Minister Wen Jian. For example, Fang Xiaoru was destroyed by ten families, 873 people were detained, and 1000 people were killed outside their homes; Lian Zining's death, 15 1 people abandoned the city, nine in-laws, and hundreds of people were robbed and kept in the distance.
3. Reform the bureaucracy
During Zhu Yuanzhang's reign, due to the abolition of the prime minister system and the direct leadership of six ministries, the emperor was very tired and had to deal with every detail himself. During Judy's period, the civil service system was perfected, and then the prototype of cabinet system was gradually formed in the court.
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