According to the current calendar records, there are actually ten days in the world when no one was born, no one died, and no memorable person or event happened. This is the year from 1582, 10/0 to 5438+04 10. What does this mean? In fact, there are 10 days with a duration of 0 in the Gregorian calendar, namely 1582,10,5 to 14. The thing is this: the first reform of the western calendar was put forward by Julius Caesar himself in 45 BC. At that time, the number used was 365.25 days in a year, so julian calendar became the simplest calendar: the first year, the second year and the third year were all 365 days, and the remaining 0.25 days in three years were given to the fourth year, which was 366 days. This year is a leap year. This cycle of 365, 365, 365, 366 is an integer every year. However, a solar year is not only 362.25 days, but 362.24 199 … days, and the difference of one year is 1 1 minute and 14 seconds, which means that julian calendar is 1 1 minute every year. Because the error is not too big, it doesn't matter in the first few years, and Caesar didn't have much influence when he was alive. However, year after year, errors accumulate, and the julian calendar is inconsistent with the actual solar year. For example, the annual vernal equinox is around March 2 1, but centuries have passed, and the date of vernal equinox in julian calendar is getting earlier and earlier, which brings inconvenience to farmers and trouble to the church in determining when Easter is. As Julian's calendar was made by Caesar himself, the above situation was a heavy blow to his prestige. In the16th century, Pope Gregory VIII made an amendment. Because in the16th century, 1 1 4 seconds accumulated to 14 days, which added 10 days to the calendar, which caused serious difficulties in determining Easter and had to be remedied. Therefore, Gligorij adopted the oldest and most effective strategy to solve this kind of problem-he called a committee, appointed a clever chairman, namely the outstanding Jesuit mathematician Christopher Clavius, and asked the committee to propose a solution. The Committee began its work on 1587. The kravis Committee faced two different problems and solved them in different ways. First of all, julian calendar is now 10 days fast, so it must be adjusted back to match the solar year. Kravis suggested that 10 days be erased by an official statement! Pope Gligo VIII issued a papal decree on February 24th 1582, erasing the period from October 5th to June 4th 1582, so this 10 day disappeared and never came back. 15821010.4 passed, and the next day was1015, so the calendar was synchronized with the solar year again. At that time and later, many people were shocked and dumbfounded. Some people think this is absurd and arbitrary. "Can the Pope erase 10 days from the calendar with one instruction?" However, this 10 doesn't exist naively, nothing happened in this 10 day, and this 10 day never lived at all. If you can find the diary at that time, after the diary on June 4th, 65438+1October 4th, the next page will be about June 5th, 65438+1October 6th. In scientific language, the duration of 10 day is 0. In fact, there is no need to be surprised at all. Solar year and solar day are related to natural phenomena. As for what day it is, it is artificial, just like naming a child. We don't need the Gregorian calendar, we can call it 1 day, the next day, ...125th day, ... to the 365th day, which is allowed. People who like even numbers can invent an "even calendar": February 2, February 4 ... April 2 ... 65438+February 30, 65438+February 3 1 day, 65438+April 2, which is also allowed, as long as it is 365 days or 366 days a year. This proves once again that it is very important to distinguish between the part determined by natural phenomena (which must conform to the experiment) and the part artificially specified in scientific theories or systems. Of course, this decision will also have a certain impact on social life at that time. For example, people born between June 5th, 65438 and June 4th, 14 can't find their birthdays in June of 1582, but compared with people born on February 29th, missing their birthdays is nothing. Also, there will be problems with the monthly salary and interest of 10 that year, but I don't know what the bank and salary system were like at that time. However, compared with the Y2K problem we are about to encounter, these problems have little impact. The second problem is the need to put forward supplementary rules for calendars to prevent the extra 1 1 minute 14 seconds from accumulating too much every year. So the kravis Committee put forward a plan that there are 365.2422 days in a year, which is closer to the reality of celestial movement than the 365.25 days in julian calendar. According to this, the simple rule that julian calendar only leaps once every four years is revised: once every four years, but at the turn of the century, it does not leap in' 00, such as 10 0 and 200, that is, it does not leap once every hundred years. In this way, there are too few leap years, so it is further stipulated that every four centuries at the turn of the century, that is, 400 years, 800 years and so on, are still leap years. The final rule about leap year is whether a year is divided by 4 or a leap year. The Pope's instructions also approved this amendment. After these two revisions, julian calendar is called the Gligorij calendar, which is the Gregorian calendar we use now. Because there is still an error between the Gligorij calendar year and the solar year, it needs to be further revised, but the difference between them is only 25.96 seconds, and it is only related to every day in 2800 years, which has no influence in real life. In this way, 1900 is not a leap year, but the coming year 2000 is a leap year, which only happens once every 400 years! Another particularity! Gligorij calendar was widely accepted by Roman Catholics, but it caused noisy opposition in Britain. The British still insisted on julian calendar and refused to "erase 10 days". It was not until 1752 that the British people figured it out and reason finally prevailed. But from 1582 to that time, 1 day was added to the calendar, so the British Parliament made a decision in 1752 to erase1day -65438. Please note that nothing happened in this 1 1 day in British history. This shows how difficult it is to reform the calendar. It took almost 200 years to accept a smart and reasonable decision just because it looked a little strange. References:

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