The Zhou Dynasty (65438 BC+0046 BC-256 BC) is the third dynasty in the history of China after the Shang Dynasty. Zhou is also the creator and original referent of the word "Huaxia". There were 37 kings in 30 generations of Zhou Dynasty, totaling about 79 1 year.

The Zhou Dynasty is divided into two periods: the Western Zhou Dynasty (165438+mid-20th century -77 1 year ago) and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770-256 years ago). The Western Zhou Dynasty was founded in Ji Fa, Zhou Wuwang, with Haojiang as its capital.

In 770 BC (the first year of Zhou Pingwang), Pingdong moved its capital to Luoyi (Chengzhou) (now Luoyang, Henan), and the Zhou Dynasty in this period was called the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. History books often refer to the Western and Eastern Zhou Dynasties as two weeks.

The reason why the data of Zhou Dynasty lasted for a long time:

First, the Western Zhou Dynasty adopted the system of enfeoffment and patriarchal clan system. Due to the enfeoffment system of patriarchal clan system, the whole territory was linked by enfeoffment system, and there were a series of complicated rights and responsibilities between vassal States and Zhou Dynasty.

Because the vassals were enfeoffed, the vassals contained each other and fought with each other, which made the national strength consume. As long as one warlord didn't oppress the rest, the Zhou Dynasty, which was in the center of power, would sit firmly on Mount Tai and not be threatened. Moreover, it has the economic connection between the Zhou Emperor and the vassal states-Jing Tian system, which is conducive to the consolidation of kingship.

Secondly, Duke Zhou established a political and military presence in the eastern region in time, which laid the foundation for moving the capital in the future. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Duke of Zhou built Luoyi to guard against the rebellion of the Yin stubborn people in the East, which was called Cheng Zhou. The construction of the Zhou Dynasty provided a buffer for the Zhou Dynasty. In the future, the dog army attacked Haojing, and the Zhou royal family was able to move eastward to Luoyi to continue to establish the country.

Third, the rites and music of the Duke of Zhou are important reasons for the long history of the Zhou Dynasty. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Duke of Zhou gained and lost the old system of Xia and Shang, and formulated a whole set of rites and music system in the Western Zhou Dynasty, which must be observed from Tian Zi to Shu Ren. The system of rites and music is the cultural basis of the Zhou Dynasty's rule, and a cultural consensus has been formed at all levels above Shu Ren, which is undoubtedly conducive to strengthening the recognition of the whole nation on the legitimacy of the Zhou Dynasty's rule.

Fourth, the weak kingship of the Zhou Dynasty made it possible to become a virtual monarch, and it also made it impossible for any vassal to usurp the central kingship easily.

In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the patriarchal clan system was established, and the vassal States had great autonomy. Zhou Tianzi seems to have no strong control ability, but in fact this system is just conducive to political stability. When Zhou was powerful, he had a great ability to restrict the vassal States.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhou Dynasty