Zou Ji: Qi Weiwang ascended the throne in 357 BC. Soon, Zou Ji explained the truth of "governing the country and protecting the people" with the rhythm of "beating gongs and drums". In his view, Jun is like a big string on the piano, playing "turbid water in spring"; Phase is like a small string on the piano, playing "Lian Qing"; A law is like playing "Grasp the depth, give up (release) the pleasure (comfort)". If the piano is played in a way that gives consideration to both the big and small sounds, it will be harmonious and pleasant, which is the same as "governing the country and ensuring the people". Qi Weiwang admired him very much and awarded it to Xiangyin three months later.
Wei Zhi: A little.
Wei Zhi (580-643 AD) was born in Jinzhou, Hebei. He lost his parents when he was a child, and his family was poor, but he loved reading and ignored family affairs. He once became a monk and a Taoist priest. At the end of the great cause of Sui Dynasty, Wei Zhi was appointed as Minister of Yuanbao in Wuyang County (now northeast of Daming, Hebei Province) of Sui Dynasty. After Yuan Baoju surrendered to Shi Mi, he was appointed by Shi Mi as a marshal's office document to join the army, specializing in document archives.
In the first year of Wude, Tang Gaozu (6 18), after Shimi failed, Wei Zhi entered Shanhaiguan and followed him to the Tang Dynasty, but it was useless for a long time. The following year, Wei Zhi invited him to appease Hebei. After the imperial edict was granted, he took a post station to Liyang (now Xunxian County, Henan Province) to persuade Xu Shiqi, the commander of Liyang, to surrender to the Tang Dynasty. Soon, Dou Jiande occupied Liyang, and Wei Zhi was also captured. After Dou Jiande's defeat, Wei Zhi returned to Chang 'an and was quoted by Prince Li as a member of the East Palace. Wei Zhi saw the contradiction between the prince and Li Shimin, the king of Qin, deepening day by day, and repeatedly advised Cheng Jian to take the initiative and start work as soon as possible.
After the change of Xuanwu Gate, Li Shimin, who had long valued his courage, not only didn't blame him, but appointed him as an admonition officer, often introducing the imperial palace to inquire about political gains and losses. Kevin·Z likes to be the master of every intimate friend, helping him wholeheartedly, knowing everything and talking about everything. Coupled with his honest and frank personality, he often argued and never compromised. On one occasion, Emperor Taizong asked Wei Zhi, "What is a wise monarch and what is a dark monarch? Wei Zhi replied, "You are smart because you listen, and you are dark because you believe. In the past, Qin Ershi lived in the palace, but he didn't see the minister. He just trusted eunuch Zhao Gao and was kept in the dark until after the chaos. Emperor Yang Di preferred Historical Records, and many counties in the world fell, but he didn't know it. " Taizong deeply agreed with these words.
In the first year of Zhenguan (627), Wei Zhi was promoted to Zuo Cheng as prime minister. At this time, someone told him to promote his relatives to be officials privately. Emperor Taizong immediately sent an ancient imperial doctor, Wen Yanbo, to investigate the matter. As a result, there was no evidence, which was a false accusation. However, Emperor Taizong sent someone to tell Wei Zhi: "We should stay away from suspicion in the future and never create such troubles again." Wei Zhi immediately said, "I heard that the monarch and his subjects help each other, and heaven and justice are one. If justice is not done and suspicion is avoided, then the rise and fall of the country may be unknown. " And asked Tang Taizong to make himself a good minister rather than a loyal minister. Emperor Taizong asked what was the difference between a loyal minister and a good minister. Wei Zhi replied: "It is a good minister to be able to justify himself, to make the monarch a wise monarch, and to have children, and to have no boundaries." Killing yourself, turning the monarch into a tyrant, losing his home and country, is a loyal minister in name only. In this respect, the two are far from each other. " Taizong nodded.
In the second year of Zhenguan (628), Wei Zhi was appointed as the secretariat, in charge of state affairs. Soon, the eldest grandson heard that an official surnamed Zheng had a daughter, who was only sixteen or seventeen years old and had both talents and looks. He told Emperor Taizong to take him into the palace as a concubine. Emperor Taizong appointed this woman as his concubine. Wei Zhi heard that this woman had been betrothed to the Lujia, and immediately went to the palace to remonstrate: "Your Majesty is a parent and cares about the people, so you should worry about their worries and enjoy them. Living in a palace pavilion, we should think that all people have the safety of their houses; Eating delicacies, we should think that the people are free from hunger and cold; When concubines are in the courtyard, you should think that they are happy with their families. Now, Zheng Min's daughter has been betrothed to Lujia, and your majesty took her into the palace without asking in detail. If the rumor goes out, is it for the parents of the people? After hearing this, Emperor Taizong was shocked and immediately felt guilty and decided to take it back. However, Fang and others believe that the promise of the Zheng family is false and insist on the validity of the imperial edict. Lujia also sent someone to hand in the form, indicating that although there were wealth exchanges before, they were not engaged. At this time, emperor Taizong with a grain of salt, and called Wei Zhi to ask. He said bluntly, "Lu refused to admit it because he was afraid that your majesty would use it to harm him in the future." The reason is clear. No wonder. " Emperor Taizong suddenly realized this, so he resolutely withdrew the imperial edict.
Because Wei Zhi was able to protest face to face, even if Emperor Taizong was furious, he dared to argue face to face and never gave in. Therefore, Emperor Taizong sometimes felt awe of him. On one occasion, Emperor Taizong wanted to go hunting in Qinling for fun, and all his luggage was ready, but he couldn't make it. Later, when Kevin·Z asked about this matter, Emperor Taizong replied with a smile: "I did have this intention at the beginning, but I was afraid that you would tell me again, so I quickly dismissed it." On another occasion, Emperor Taizong got a good kite and carried it on his shoulder. He was very proud. But when he saw Wei Zhi coming towards him from a distance, he quickly hid the bird in his arms. Wei Zhi deliberately played for a long time, causing the kite to suffocate in his arms.
In the sixth year of Zhenguan, the ministers invited Taizong to meditate on Mount Tai. In order to show off achievements and national prosperity, only Wei Zhi objected. Emperor Taizong was surprised, so he asked Wei Zhi, "You don't advocate meditation. Do you think that my contribution is not high, my virtue is disrespectful, China is uneasy, my clothes are worn out at the end of four years, and my harvest is not abundant? " Wei Zhi replied: "Your Majesty has the above-mentioned Liu De, but since the chaos in the world at the end of Sui Dynasty, the registered permanent residence has not been restored until now, and the warehouse is still empty. Driving here and there and riding thousands of miles is expensive, which is unbearable for the people along the way. Besides, your meditation is bound to be a gathering of all nations, and Yuanjun will also be a squire. Nowadays, the Central Plains is vast and sparsely populated, and there are many shrubs. When ambassadors of all countries and commanders in Yuan Yi see that China is so weak, won't they feel contempt? If the reward is not good, it will not satisfy the desires of these distant people; Exempting and taxing taxes is far from rewarding people's expenses. Why does your majesty want to do such a thing that only seeks fame but actually harms? Soon, floods occurred in several states in the Central Plains, and the matter of Guan Chan went away.
Zhenguan seven years (633), supplemented by Kevin·Z on behalf of the baron. At the end of the same year, Huangfu Deshen of Zhongmu County wrote to Taizong: "Building Luoyang Palace will harm the people; Collecting land rent is too much; Women like to wear a high bun, which is very popular in the palace. Emperor Taizong was furious when he received the book and said to the prime ministers, "Deccan wants the country not to serve one person and not to collect land rent. The rich have no money, which is exactly what he wants. "Want to cure HuangFuDeShen libel. Wei Zhi protested: "Since ancient times, the writing style has not been extreme, and it can't touch people's hearts. The so-called madman's words, saints choose good and follow. Please consider this truth. Finally, he stressed: "Your Majesty is not outspoken recently, but he is not as open-minded and natural as before." Emperor Taizong felt that Wei Zhi had a point, so he turned anger into joy. Instead of punishing Huang Fude, he was promoted to supervise the empire.
In the tenth year of Zhenguan (636), Wei Zhi was ordered to preside over the compilation of Sui Shu, Zhou Shu, Liang Shu, Shaanxi Shu and Shu Qi (known as the History of the Five Dynasties), which lasted seven years and the manuscript was completed. Among them, the prefaces of Sui Shu, Liang Shu, Chen Shu and Shu Qi were all written by Zheng Wei, and they were praised as "good history". In June of the same year, Wei Zhi, who suffered from eye diseases, asked to remove his assistant. Although Emperor Taizong appointed him full-time, he still put him in charge of provincial affairs, and his salary, rewards and other benefits were exactly the same as those of officials.
In the twelfth year of Zhenguan (638), Wei Zhi saw that Emperor Taizong was getting lazy, lazy in politics and pursuing extravagance, so he wrote the famous "Ten Gradually Difficult Situation" and listed ten changes in his attitude at the beginning of his reign. He also taught Emperor Taizong the "Ten Thoughts", that is, "When you see what you can do, you must think about contentment, when you are happy, you must think about Zhi Zhi, when you are in high risk, you must think about humility, when you are full, you must think about future troubles, when you are happy, you must think about procrastination, when you are sick, you must think about yourself, and when you are rewarded, you must think about arrogance.
In the 16th year of Zhenguan (642), Wei Zhi was ill in bed, and the envoys sent by Emperor Taizong watched from across the road. Wei Zhi was thrifty all his life and had no family to stay overnight. Emperor Taizong immediately ordered that all materials for building a small hall for himself should be used to build a big house for Kevin·Z. Soon, Wei Zhi died at home. Taizong personally mourned, tears streaming down his face, and said, "My husband can dress himself up with bronze as a mirror; Taking history as a mirror, we can know the rise and fall; Take people as a mirror, you can know the gains and losses. I have kept these three mirrors in case I miss them. Now that Wei Zhi is dead, he died in a mirror. "
Some official documents and Wei's poetry collections, including a volume of his poems in The Whole Tang Poetry.
Six months after Wei Zhi's death, his bones were not cold. Because he has recommended the slain assistant minister Du Zhongshu and the official minister Hou Shang successively, and praised their talent as prime ministers, he suspected that they had personal cronies. In addition, there are rumors that Wei Zhi recorded an exhortation to the emperor before his death and showed it to Chu Suiliang, an official who recorded history at that time, which made him even more angry. He not only canceled the engagement between Princess Hengshan and Wei Zhi's eldest son Wei Shuyu, but also ordered the demolition of Wei Zhi's tombstone. In other words, Li Shimin broke his "mirror".
Why did the wise Emperor Taizong hate Wei Zhi so much after his death? According to Mr. Chen Yinque's textual research and analysis, in Tang Taizong's mind, because Wei Zhi was neither a Shandong aristocrat nor a Shandong warrior, his duty was only to contact Shandong heroes, monitor Shandong aristocrats and Guanlong Group, and use it to manipulate various political groups intermittently. If Wei Zhi's behavior goes beyond the power given by Emperor Taizong, it will be a taboo for Emperor Taizong. Du Weicheng was recommended. Du came from a prosperous family in Shandong, so Emperor Taizong entrusted him with the function of monitoring Shandong nobles, which in turn was suspected of uniting the two major forces in Shandong society. Hou did not give a detailed account of his family background in Biography of Two Tang Dynasties, only that he was a military commander. According to Mr. Chen's textual research, he later belonged to Liuzhen Huhan Guanlong Group with Emperor Taizong. According to the history books, there is no problem with his talent. Wei Zhi recommended Du Hou, which was equivalent to gathering the three major social forces at that time, and he himself was its hub. This is the most intolerable thing for Emperor Taizong. Fortunately, these things were exposed after Wei Zhi's death, otherwise the consequences would be the same. It seems that behind the example of Shiwan is also a vanity fair struggle.
In the early 18th year of Zhenguan, when discussing whether to resist US aggression and aid Korea, Li Shimin once again mentioned Wei Zhi, who had been dead for more than a year. Li Shimin proudly said that it was a mistake for Wei Zhi to persuade him not to crusade against North Korea before his death, and he regretted it soon afterwards. The reason why I didn't mention this matter again was mainly because I was afraid of blocking the good plan. After Li Shimin's failed eastward expedition to North Korea, his remarks openly criticizing Wei Zhi were heard again, which made him lose face. He had to say to his ministers, "If Wei Zhi were here, I wouldn't be where I am today." While admitting his mistake, he ordered Wei Zhi's tomb to be rebuilt and Wei Zhi's son to inherit the title of lord protector.
Don't copy the back!