Yellow rice wine is a treasure of the Chinese nation, with a long history and many varieties. In history, there are countless famous rice wine products. Due to the development of distilled liquor, the production area of yellow rice wine gradually narrowed to the south of the Yangtze River, and the output was much lower than that of white wine. However, the essence of brewing technology has not been abandoned, but has been greatly developed in the new historical period. The charm of rice wine is still the same, the famous products in rice wine are still household names, and the best products in rice wine are still shining like bright oriental pearls. Shaoxing yellow rice wine Shaoxing yellow rice wine is the best in China. Shaoxing wine has a long-standing reputation in history and has been recorded in all previous dynasties. Since the Song Dynasty, the development of yellow rice wine in the south of the Yangtze River has entered its heyday, especially in the Southern Song Dynasty, when political power was established in Hangzhou, Shaoxing and Hangzhou were close, and Shaoxing wine developed rapidly. At that time, "Penglai Spring" was the first famous wine in Shaoxing. In the poems of Lu You, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, there are many praises to his hometown yellow rice wine. The Qing Dynasty was the heyday of Shaoxing wine. The brewing scale ranks first in the country. Shaojiu is sold all over the country and even exported abroad. Shao wine has almost become synonymous with yellow rice wine. At present, Shaoxing yellow rice wine accounts for the largest proportion in export wine. Products are exported to all countries in the world. Shaoxing Liquor-making Corporation produces many varieties, and the classification method of yellow wine in modern national standards is basically based on the varieties and quality indicators of Shaoxing wine. Among them, Shaoxing yellow rice wine has been listed in previous famous wine selection. Rice wine, as its name implies, is to increase the amount of rice used for brewing in the process of brewing, and relatively speaking, it uses less water. Rice wine is a semi-dry wine. The alcohol content is about 15% and the sugar content is 0.5%-3%. This wine is very mellow. The breath is fragrant. In addition, there are high-quality wines such as Yuan red wine, good wine and Xiang Xue wine, which are exported to more than 30 countries and regions abroad. 2 Fujian Longyan heavy wine Longyan heavy wine has a long history. There are many records in some notes and documents of the Qing Dynasty. Now it is produced by Fujian Longyan Winery. This is a very sweet wine. The alcohol content is 14- 16%, and the total sugar can reach 22. 5-25%。 Domestic wine is generally stored for two years, and exported wine needs to be stored for three years. This wine won the title of national famous wine three times in 1963, 1979 and 1983. The brewing method of Longyan Caijing wine combines all the traditional techniques of China yellow wine brewing. For example, there are as many as 4 kinds of distiller's yeast in Longyan, including local ancestral medicinal yeast, including more than 30 kinds in Chinese medicine village; There is Sanqu, which is the most traditional Sanqu in China, as a saccharified song. In addition, there are white songs, which are unique to the south. Monascus is an essential starter for Longyan wine brewing. When brewing, medicinal koji, Sanqu and Baiqu are added first, then sweet distiller's yeast is made, and then the famous Gutian red yeast and special rice wine are added respectively. Longyan wine aged for a long time has three characteristics: sweetness without sugar, brilliant red without coloring, and fragrance without leaving fragrance. The wine is amber luster, sweet and mellow, and unique in style. Second, the famous liquor is evaluated according to its flavor type. Now it can be divided into sauce flavor, rice flavor, fragrance, strong flavor and other flavor types (Dong flavor, Feng flavor, Sesame flavor, etc. ). 1 Guizhou Famous Liquor: Maotai and Dongjiu Maotai-flavor famous liquors include Guizhou Maotai and Sichuan Langjiu. Although Kweichow Moutai and Sichuan Langjiu are produced in two different provinces, Renhuai in Kweichow Moutai and Gu Lin in Sichuan Langjiu are very close geographically. These two places are located along the Chishui River, the former in northern Guizhou and the latter in southern Sichuan. Chishui River flows through Renhuai, Guizhou, Xishui, Gu Lin and other counties in Sichuan and joins the Yangtze River in Hejiang County, Sichuan. Kweichow Moutai is the most famous Maotai-flavor liquor and has the reputation of national wine. In Qing Dynasty, Chishui River was the water passage of Sichuan salt from the Yangtze River through Luzhou and Hejiang. Zheng Zhen, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, once wrote: "The wine is crowned with mountains and rivers, and salt is on the red river." It is the frequent transportation of salt industry that promotes the economic prosperity on both sides of Chishui River and also brings the development and prosperity of local wine industry. The reputation of Kweichow Moutai began to spread. Maotai liquor has a special style of "outstanding sauce flavor, elegance and delicacy, mellow body and long aftertaste". The wine is clear, mellow, fragrant but not bright, low but not light, smells refreshing, melts in the mouth and has a lingering fragrance after drinking. The biggest feature of Moutai is that "an empty cup leaves a good fragrance", that is, after the wine is empty, the fragrance in the cup remains for a long time. Maotai liquor has won the title of famous wine in previous national famous wine selection. Moutai is also a witness to many important foreign affairs activities, so it is called "national wine" and "diplomatic wine". Former US President Nixon said that Moutai can cure all diseases, and former Japanese Prime Minister also called Moutai a fine wine. The unique flavor of Moutai is closely related to the unique geographical environment of the producing area to a great extent, in addition to the unique brewing technology. Maotai Distillery is located on the Chishui River, strictly protected by relevant national policies, and factories with pollution sources are not allowed to be built around it. What is more unique is that the humid and sultry climate in Sichuan and Guizhou has formed a unique microbial flora. The propagation of these microorganisms on koji and raw materials and their complex biological metabolism mechanism make the flavor components of Moutai more complicated and coordinated. This cannot be simulated anywhere else. If you build a factory outside Kweichow Moutai, even if you strictly follow the production process of Moutai, it is impossible to brew real Moutai. Dongjiu is produced in Dong Distillery, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province. 1929 to 1930, Donggong Temple cellar wine was brewed by Cheng's brewing workshop, and 1942 was named "Dongjiu". Zunyi Dong Winery was founded in 1957, was named the first national famous wine in 1963, and was named the national famous wine after 1979. The flavor of Dongjiu is different from Luzhou-flavor and Maotai-flavor, and belongs to other flavor types. The production method of this wine is unique, which combines the production techniques of Daqu wine and Xiaoqu wine. Fenyang Xinghua Village Fenyang Liquor (Group) Company is located in Dongyue, Luliang Mountain, Shanxi Province, at the western edge of Jinzhong Basin. As a famous wine in China, Shanxi Fenjiu can be said to be the earliest famous wine in the history of China. & gt Among dozens of national famous wines on the list, Fenjiu ranks first. In the note literature of celebrities in the Qing Dynasty, Shanxi Fenjiu was praised many times. Fenjiu is an aromatic wine. Famous Sichuan wines: Wuliangye, Luzhou Laojiao Tequ, Jiannanchun, Quanxing Daqu, Langjiu and Tuopai Daqu. Among the famous China wines, Sichuan produces the most. There were five kinds of national famous wines, which were called "five golden flowers", and later they were increased to six kinds. Wuliangye, Luzhou Laojiao Tequ, Jiannanchun, Quanxing Daqu, Langjiu and Sichuan Tuopai Qujiu won the title of national famous wine in the fifth national famous wine appraisal. Except Langjiu belongs to Maotai-flavor liquor, the rest belong to Luzhou-flavor liquor. Wuliangye, formerly known as "miscellaneous grains wine", is produced in Wuliangye Distillery in Yibin, Sichuan. The wine is brewed from five kinds of grains: sorghum, rice, glutinous rice, wheat and corn, and it is said that it was founded in the Ming Dynasty. At present, the factory also has an old wine cellar handed down from the Ming Dynasty, and Yibin Museum also keeps a technical secret of "miscellaneous grains wine". 1929 was named Wuliangye. Wuliangye liquor has the characteristics of "long aroma, mellow taste, sweet taste, clear throat, harmonious taste and just right". It is considered that Daqu liquor is famous for its comprehensive taste. This wine has been rated as a national famous wine for four times. Luzhou Laojiao Tequ liquor, as a typical representative of Luzhou-flavor Daqu liquor, is famous for its unique style of "mellow, sweet, fragrant after drinking and long aftertaste". 19 15 won the gold medal of Panama International Expo, and all previous national wine reviews were awarded the title of "National Famous Wine". Jian Nanchun was born in Mianzhu County, Sichuan Province. Its predecessor should be the famous wine sword "Burning Spring in the South" in the Tang Dynasty. Among the late Li Zhaozai & gt in Tang Xianzong, Jiannan Shaoquan was listed as one of the thirteen famous wines in the world at that time. Of course, it was south of Jianmenguan at that time, and the so-called "Jiannan Road" province in the Tang Dynasty was called Mianzhu, which was a county under Jiannan Road at that time. Today, the winery was built in April of 195 1. After the appearance of Jiannanchun wine, its quality has been continuously improved, and it was rated as the national famous wine for the first time at the third national wine tasting on 1979. 4 Gujing Winery This wine is produced in Gu Jing Winery, Bo County, Anhui Province. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the "Nine Brewing Spring Wine Method" handed down by the late magistrate of Wang Cao Jiang was dedicated to Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. According to local historical records, the water used to make wine in this area comes from an ancient well left over from the Southern and Northern Dynasties. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the local wine was dedicated to the emperor, so it was known as "Gu Jing Tribute". Gu Jing Distillery belongs to Luzhou-flavor liquor, which has the characteristics of "clear color as crystal, pure fragrance as blue, sweet and mellow entrance and long aftertaste". 5 Jiangsu Famous Liquor: Yanghe Daqu and Shuanggou Daqu Yanghe Daqu are produced in Yanghe Distillery, Yanghe Town, Siyang County, Jiangsu Province. Yanghe Town is located between Baiyang River and Yellow River, close to the North-South Grand Canal. In ancient times, land and water transportation was very convenient. It is an important hometown of wine making and koji making. Yanghe Daqu belongs to Luzhou-flavor liquor. After the third national wine tasting, it was rated as a national famous wine for three times. Shuanggou Daqu was produced in Shuanggou Town, Sihong County, Jiangsu Province. 1984 After the 4th National Wine Tasting, this wine was rated as a national famous wine for its typical Luzhou-flavor style of "clear color, rich aroma, harmonious flavor and clean tail" for two consecutive times. Xifeng liquor xifeng liquor is produced in Xifeng Winery, Liulin Town, Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province. Xifeng liquor belongs to other fragrance types (phoenix type). It has been rated as a national famous wine for four times.