1, the buildings in Wuzhen are mainly brick and wood structures in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Up to now, more than 200,000 square meters of Ming and Qing buildings have been preserved. A large number of deep houses are the great wealth of old businessmen and the secret world of officials. Looking from an inconspicuous gate, there are labyrinthine corridors and auditoriums. The stone carvings, brick carvings and wood carvings on the doors and windows of Liangzhu are exquisite and magnificent. There is a unique Guanyin pocket and horse head wall on the roof, which is both fire-proof and windproof, just like the five mountains in the sky, symmetrical, high and dangerous.
2. The number and scale of streets, squares and hutongs in Wuzhen are very small, commonly known as four doors, eight lanes and dozens of lanes.
According to the Records of Wuqing Town compiled by Lu Xuebao during the Republic of China, there are still 68 lanes in 8 streets of Bafang Street, including 47 lanes. The eighth street is Changchun Li Street, Chengjiangli Street, Tongli Street, South Street, Middle Street, North Street, Guanqian Street and East Street. Judging from today's situation, houses and alleys have changed the most. The population has increased for decades and hundreds of years, and so many houses have been built. Some houses have no real names, and some are completely different. But it is the main street, because the overall pattern of Wuzhen old district has not changed much, so most of them are there, especially Guanqian Street, East Street, South Street and West Street, which are not only well preserved, but also playing a role.
3. In the case of fire in adjacent houses, the high horse head wall can cut off the fire source, so the horse head wall is also called the firewall. Horsehead walls are strewn at random, usually stacked or stacked three times. Because of the front and rear halls, the number of overlapping horse-head walls can reach as many as five, commonly known as "Five Mountains in the sky". "Wuzhen is a very big town. Although there are traces of artificial carving, it still retains a relatively complete historical style. The crowd is bustling, but modern people are walking classically. The old houses here are quiet and cold, and the conservative and bare cultural relics have been passed down from generation to generation, which is the increasingly broken wooden structure of the Peace House. In Wuzhen, people are used to using "Tang" to solve the problem of the whole house. The Xujiating storefront along the street, the stone warehouse wall door, the shed and railing structure in front of the corridor hut, and the stone lion squatting at the mouth of the Zhong Kai River are all called "Bridges open lions". Xu Jiating's woodcarving is commendable. Its contents are mainly flowers, fruits, birds, animals and daily necessities. Its artistic style has the charm of Dongyang woodcarving.
4. Zhujiadian, commonly known as the "Auditorium", is a brick-and-wood house that decays at one time and has the most complete three rooms. The high wind wall, the stone frame door in the middle, and the brick above the door have a hanging eaves, which are damaged, but still exquisite and elegant. A row of long windows, on which the story and flower pattern of Yue Fei Biography are engraved. The carving is exquisite, vivid and complete, and the details are still clearly visible.
5. Tear down the hall, there are many bridges in Wuzhen, and all kinds of bridges. There are primitive and majestic porous stone arch bridges, beautiful and interesting brick bridges and only a few short wooden bridges. The largest town has more than 20 ancient bridges in/kloc-0, which is called "an ancient bridge with a hundred steps". Complex patterns, or stone arches, or paving, majestic or exquisite.
There are more than 30 ancient bridges in Wuzhen, which were first built in the Southern Song Dynasty, mainly in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Because Wuzhen people regard bridge building as a virtue, even if there is no road, there is no way to bridge it. These convenient bridges include Caibu Bridge, Renshou Bridge and Yefang Bridge.
Long corridors, simple wooden buildings overlap, and rows of eaves are full of dark light and sunshine, as if walking in the time and space of a tunnel. Gentle breeze around the corridor, like a ring in a year, through the floating silence, immersed in the water, with a damp and still shadow. Through the cracks in the balcony roof, calculating the light and shadow, the color of black tiles and blue bricks gradually disappears.
6. Brick-carved gatehouse is another feature of Xitang architecture. Brick-carved doors, also called gates, usually rise from the hall. The big clan's interpretation door is magnificent, while the small clan's interpretation door is exquisite, and its size is roughly proportional to the relationship of Yimentang. The workmanship of Yimen complements the luxury of the hall. There are generally four-word brick carvings on Yimen, and proverbs are mostly proverbs or family precepts.
Like many small towns in the south of the Yangtze River, Shui Ge was built along the river, so it is called "people sleep on the river". Wuzhen is unique in that the houses along the river extend to the river surface, and the piles or columns at the bottom of the river bed are placed on the beams and on the boats, which is called the "water pavilion", which is unique in Wuzhen. Shui Ge is a real "pillow river", with three windows, from which you can see the city. Mao Dun once described the Shuige in his hometown in Shan Hai Jing: "... outside the back door is a river. Standing at the back door (that is, at the entrance of the water pavilion), you can pump water with a bucket. You can dream in the middle of the night, hear the noise and float on it. Legend has it that Shuige was built by a clever tofu waiter, but with the passage of time, a lot of history has disappeared. Only practical and pleasant architectural forms can be preserved and continued because people like them.
In a sense, the aquarium is the aura of Wuzhen. Although not luxurious, it is more difficult than tall buildings. With Shui Ge, the people of Wuzhen are closer to the water; With Shui Ge, the scenery of Wuzhen is more charming; With water songs, Wuzhen's temperament is more elegant; With Shui Ge, the history of Wuzhen has added a euphemism. The water pavilion is the feature and charm of Wuzhen.