27-40 BC: Octavian became the title of "Augustus" in Rome and became the de facto emperor of the Roman Empire. During his reign, the Senate was reorganized and the rights of the head of state were strengthened; Expand externally but be contained. 14 years, Octavian died, adopted son Tiberius succeeded to the throne, opened the system of succession to the throne and continued to strengthen the imperial power.

A.D. 350: It was the reign of Constantine in the Roman Empire. The empire still maintains a stable situation, but it is already trapped in internal and external affairs. Social and economic crises, the prevalence of the peasant system, the development of large manors, local uprisings and foreign invasions will also occur.

From the 5th century to the 7th century, the people's uprising was a double blow to foreign invasion, the Western Roman Empire perished, and the slave society in Western Europe ended. The Germans invaded and established the Frankish Kingdom, a feudal country.

History before and after 1588: With the development of British capitalist industry and commerce, there is an urgent need to occupy colonies and develop overseas trade, and it also conflicts with the theatrical troupes of colonial powers, resulting in a war of maritime hegemony-the Anglo-Spanish War. 1588, the Spanish Armada expedition to Britain, almost completely annihilated. Since then, Spain has been devastated, and Britain has mastered maritime hegemony and started global expansion and colonial activities.