1, learn the rigorous structure and ups and downs of this article.

2. Learn from Lu Xun's historical materialism and enhance national self-confidence.

Key points and difficulties:

1, focus: the method of refuting the argument (indirect refutation)

2. Difficulties: The understanding of Lu Xun's thoughts and feelings has obvious love and hate expressed in the article.

Learning methods: independent inquiry, cooperation and communication.

learning process

1. Basic knowledge

(1) Understanding the background

This article was written on1September 25th, 934, just after the third anniversary of the September 18th Incident. At that time, some people spread pessimistic views on the future of the war of resistance against China, accusing the people of losing confidence. Lu Xun's article was written to refute this erroneous argument and inspire national self-confidence. To be familiar with the text, we should combine the social background at that time and deeply understand the deep meaning and implied specific content of some sentences and paragraphs in the text.

Master the following words:

This is a mystery. It is a lie to remember the past and plead for the people today.

2. Skills training

(1) discussion and analysis

(1) Find out the arguments and arguments of the other party and discuss whether their relationship is established.

How did Lu Xun refute the enemy's arguments and arguments?

What is the author's argument? How was it established?

④ Are the connotations of "China people" the same in the article?

⑤ Who can be called "the backbone of China"? Why is it called "the backbone of China"?

(2) Reading comprehension

Try to understand the first two paragraphs of the text and answer the following questions.

Judging from the open text, it seems that two years ago, we have been boasting that "vast territory and abundant resources" is a fact; Indeed, it will soon stop boasting and only hope for the League of Nations. The fact now is that we neither boast nor believe in the League of Nations, but only pray to God and worship Buddha.

So some people lament that China people have lost confidence.

①? What fallacious arguments do these two paragraphs reveal? What argument? Which sentences are the most ironic?

(2) The article repeatedly admits that "this is a fact", "this is also a fact" and "this is also a fact". What does it have to do with later criticism?

Second, when writing a rebuttal, we should be good at finding the "breakthrough" of the rebuttal. The so-called "breakthrough" is the weak link of the other side's fallacy. If you catch it, you can hit the point. Considering the full text, why does this article refute the other party's argument, that is, pointing out that its argument cannot prove its argument as a "breakthrough"?

⑶ The text is divided into four parts according to exposing the fallacy of the other party, directly refuting, indirectly refuting (conducting positive argument) and drawing conclusions.

(4) Discussion:

Why did Lu Xun repeatedly emphasize "the backbone of China"?

3. E-mail address of self-assessment author: wwwwwwllt @163.com.