1, Xiadu
Worship (Songxian, Luoyang), Daofan (Luoyang), poor stone (Luoyang South), etc. , Dijun, Taikang, Xiang, Han, Zhuo, Jie Li. Time 2070- 1600 years ago.
The business capital is located in the west.
Xibo lived in Shangtang, Waic, Taijia and Pan Geng before 1600-1046.
3. Luoyi, the capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty
BC 1046, after the Western Zhou and Yin Dynasties, in order to control the eastern region, Luoyang's capital was built into Zhou Dynasty. Duke Zhou built the Imperial City and Chengzhou City on the north bank of Luoshui. In history, there is a saying of "moving to Yezhou at the beginning" and "settling in Mangshan". Yin stubborn people were moved to Yezhou and supervised by the Eighth Division of Yezhou. At that time, Luoyang was called Luoyi, Xinyi, Dayi, Chengzhou, Shi Tian and China, also known as Nan Zhou. A total of 1 1 kings. Time is before 1040 -77 1 year.
4. Luoyang, the capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty
Zhou Xuanwang died and Zhou Youwang stood up. There was a big earthquake in Guanzhong, and the disaster was serious. The poem Xiaoya at the turn of October says, "Three rivers are exhausted and Qishan collapses. Hundreds of rivers boil, landslides, high banks are valleys, and deep valleys are tombs. " Coupled with internal corruption, social darkness, the court split. In 77 1 year BC, you Wang was killed and Xijing Haojing was robbed. In the second year of Wang Ping's accession to the throne, that is, in 770 BC, he decided to give up the western capital and move to the eastern capital, which was called the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in history. Luoyang was the only capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.
During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, there were two other cities: one was the imperial city, which was built by the government, and the other was the residence of the emperor. One was built by Cheng Zhou Wuwang, and the Duke of Zhou resumed his camp, which is a military stronghold. The capital of Qiudong Bureau, a native of Wangcheng, has a history of 365,438+00 years. Starting from Zhou Pingwang, we passed through Huan Wang, Zhuang Wang, Li Wang, Hui Wang, Wang Xiang, Wang Qing, Wang Kuang, Dingwang, Jianwang, Lingwang, Jingwang, Mourning Wang and Yunwang 65,438+04 Emperor. Chengzhou, as the capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, has a history of 205 years, and has experienced Zhou,,,,, Wei, Wang An, Liewang, Xianwang, Shenliang Wang 1 1 emperors. As the capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Luoyang has a history of 5 15 years and has experienced 25 emperors.
5. Luoyang, the capital of the early Western Han Dynasty.
On the third day of February 202 BC, Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor in Dingtao, known as the Western Han Dynasty or the former Han Dynasty in history. In the month when Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor, he came to Luoyang from Dingtao. "Zi Tong Zhi Jian" records: "The emperor bought wine in Nangong, Luoyang." On the reward of merit, the civil servants and military commanders were all happy, so they made Luoyang their capital. In May, Lou Jing, a Qi man, passed by Luoyang and advised Liu Bang to move the capital to Chang 'an. Most of Liu Bang's civil and military ministers are Kanto people and are unwilling to move westward. After some debate, Lou Jing said: "Virtue is king, but without virtue, it is easy to die. Anyone who lives here wants to do things with morality, and does not want to rely on dangers and obstacles to make future generations arrogant and insult others. " It means that Liu Bang can't build Luoyang without virtue, so Liu Bang decided to move the capital to West Chang 'an.
6. Luoyang, the capital of the Eastern Han Dynasty
In 25 AD, Liu Xiu proclaimed himself emperor in Baixiang, Hebei Province, and became Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty. In the same year, Luoyang was attacked and its capital was Luoyang. History is called the Eastern Han Dynasty or the Later Han Dynasty. After more than ten years of fighting, Guangwu Liu Xiu completed the great cause of reunifying the whole country. Luoyang in the Eastern Han Dynasty was a world-famous city. Luoyang is the political, economic and cultural center of China and the largest industrial and commercial city in China. Its city site is on the east side of Baima Temple, which is the site of the ancient city of Han and Wei Dynasties.
Liu Xiu, a native of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was founded in 26 AD and ascended the throne in 220 AD, after 196. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were capitals such as Luoyang, Nanyang and Xuchang. Among them, Luoyang was established as the capital 165, and Xuchang was established as the capital for 26 years, among which Nanyang was the capital of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty. There are Emperor Guangwu, Ming Di, Zhang Di, He Di, Shao Shang Di Di, Andy, Shao Di (Liu Yi), Shun Di, Chong Di, Zhi Di, Huan Di, Ling Di, (Liu Bian), Xian Di 14 Di.
7. Luoyang, the capital of Cao Wei
After the first year of Chuping in Xian Di, the world fell apart, warlords became independent, and the Eastern Han Dynasty existed in name only. The three-legged pattern of Wei, Shu and Wu is gradually taking shape. When the warlords fought and suppressed the insurgents, Cao Cao's power gradually grew, and he finally mastered the Eastern Han regime and relied on the emperor to be a vassal.
In 207 AD, Cao Cao basically unified northern China. In 2 13, Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty named Cao Cao Gong Wei. In 2 16, Cao Cao made Wang Wei. In 220 AD, Cao Cao died in Luoyang, and his son Cao Pi succeeded to the throne. Soon, Cao Pi abolished the Han Emperor as Shanyanggong, and became an emperor on his own, so he changed Han to Wei and made Luoyang his capital. History is called Cao Wei. From AD 220 to AD 265, when Sima Yan destroyed Wei, Cao Wei made Luoyang its capital for 46 years. After Wei Wendi, Wei Mingdi, Wang Qi, Gui Xiang Palace and Yuan Di, there were five emperors.
8. Luoyang, the capital of the Western Jin Dynasty
In the late period of Cao Wei, politics was dark, and Cao Wei went into decline. In 265 AD, Sima Yan succeeded to the Jin Dynasty, and later repeated the mistakes of Cao Pi on behalf of the Han Dynasty, forcing him to abdicate and stand on his own feet as emperor. For the sake of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, he changed his country name to Jin, which was called the Western Jin Dynasty in history. Luoyang is still the capital of the Western Jin Dynasty. In May1year, the capital of the Western Jin Dynasty experienced the experiences of Emperor Wu, Emperor Huai and Emperor Chen. The city site is located in the ruins of Baima Temple, the ancient city of Eastern Han and Wei Dynasties.
9. Northern Wei Dynasty moved its capital to Luoyang
After the unification of the Western Jin Dynasty, the society was stable, the economy resumed development and the material wealth increased. However, the rulers were extremely corrupt, and there were more than 10 thousand concubines in the reign of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty. Queen Jia's attitude is sensual and joyful, so she robbed a man in the street to be a male princess. Surprisingly, Mrs Wang Kai is richer than big noble Shi Chong. By analogy, it finally led to the "Eight Kings Rebellion", which lasted 16 years. Luoyang was badly damaged.
In 494 (the eighteenth year of Taihe), the Northern Wei Dynasty occupied the Central Plains, unified the North and moved the capital to Luoyang. Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty was a great emperor. He persisted in reform, rectified official management, severely punished corrupt officials, restored the economy and developed production. Advocating learning Chinese, speaking Chinese and wearing Hanfu has promoted the great integration of the northern nationalities. Luoyang was destroyed and resumed development.
Luoyang, the capital of the Northern Wei Dynasty, experienced eight emperors: Emperor Xiaowen, Xuan Wudi, Emperor Xiaoming, Emperor Xiao Zhuang, King Changguang, Emperor Antang and Emperor Xiaowu. After the Northern Wei Dynasty split into the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Western Wei Dynasty, it was replaced by the Northern Qi Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and the history of the Northern Wei Dynasty came to an end. Luoyang was the capital of the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty.
10, Luoyang, the capital of Sui Dynasty
When Yang Di succeeded to the throne for the first time, he decided to move the capital to Luoyang. Luoyang City built by Yang Di is adjacent to Yi Que in the south, Mangshan in the north and Chanhe and Luoshui in the east, especially Guo Cheng, Miyagi, Huanghai and Dongcheng, including Jiacang City, Biyuan City and Yaoyi City. Large-scale and orderly layout. The unique layout of Miyagi in the northwest of Guo Cheng and the unified layout of Li Fang have an important historical position in the history of capital construction in China. Yang Di's construction of Luoyang City has the strategic consideration of governing the country. It was still used in the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty, and was once the national economic and cultural center.
Fei Zhengqing, a Chinese-American historian, said with emotion in China: Tradition and Change: "Under the rule of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty and Yang Di, China ushered in the second glorious imperial period. China re-established a unified political power, restored the Great Wall, and the government dug the Grand Canal (which provided the possibility for prosperity in the next few hundred years) and built magnificent palaces. The Chinese empire can finally reproduce its glory. "
1 1, Tang Dou (before Wu Zhou)
In the Tang Dynasty (before Wu Zhou), when Emperor Taizong, Emperor Taizong, Emperor Zhongzong, Zong Rui and Wu Zetian were empress dowager, they all regarded Luoyang as the imperial capital, sometimes called Du Dong, Shen Du or Luo Jing.
Luoyang, the eastern capital, was the political and economic center of the whole country at that time, and it was also the transportation center of the Grand Canal connecting Jiangdu, Taihu Lake and Zhejiang in the southeast, Shandong and Zhuo Jun in the northeast and Chang 'an in the west.
12, Luoyang, the capital of Wuzhou
Wu Zetian is the only female emperor in the history of China. She played a certain role in the development of China's history. She is famous for her beauty. She entered the palace at the age of 14 and became a gifted scholar. After Tang Gaozong Li Zhi acceded to the throne, she was made queen. Li Zhi was suffering from high blood pressure, and Wuhou took part in politics. Ministers also called the queen a "double saint".
On September 9th, the first year of God's will (AD 690), Wu Zetian reduced Li Dan to be the heir, made herself the emperor, respected the holy god emperor, changed the title of the country to Zhou, and changed the eastern capital to the god capital. In the first year of Shenlong (AD 705), 82-year-old Wu Zetian was forced to give way to Li Xian, Tang Zhongzong due to illness, and the title of the Tang Dynasty was restored. Wu Zetian reigned for 50 years and proclaimed himself emperor 15 years, with Luoyang as its capital.
13, Tang Dou (Wuzhou)
After the Tang Dynasty overthrew and restored Wuzhou, there were Zhongzong, Xuanzong, Wuzong, Xizong, Tang Yi, Zhaozong and Eddie Didi who regarded it as the Imperial Capital and called it Du Dong, Shen Du or Tokyo. There are Luoyang Palace, the largest palace complex in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and Vientiane Shrine, the tallest palace building in the history of China. During the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, the rebels in the Anshi Rebellion also took Luoyang as their capital.
14, Hou Liang moved its capital to Luoyang.
In 907, Zhu Wen abolished Li Qi in the Tang Dynasty and established the Liang Dynasty, known as Hou Liang in history. Kaifeng is the first capital. After moving the capital to Luoyang, the history of five dynasties and ten countries began. Zhu Wen is greedy for sex. In 9 12 AD, Zhu, the third son of Zhu Wen, killed Levin for the throne, became emperor himself, and still lived in Luoyang. In February of 9 13, Zhu Youzhen killed Zhu, established himself as emperor, and then moved the capital to Kaifeng. Hou Liang Duluo 4 years, 2 emperors.
15, moved the capital to Luoyang in the later Tang Dynasty.
In 923, he wiped out the political power in Kaifeng and became emperor on his own. The emperor is Tang, and the country is Tang, which is called the later Tang in history. After Kaifeng, I moved to Luoyang. The western capital was changed to Luo Jing, which was later called the eastern capital. After Emperor Tangzhuang proclaimed himself emperor, the Tang system resumed and made a difference. Later, the middle school was overhauled and beautiful women were widely selected. They are arrogant and extravagant, ignore political affairs, and pay exorbitant taxes, which makes the people miserable. In 936 AD, Shi Jingtang, our emissary of the times, set out from Taiyuan, captured Luoyang with the help of the Qidan nobles, and died in the later Tang Dynasty. Duluo in the later Tang Dynasty was 13, the fourth emperor.
16, Luoyang, the capital of the late Jin Dynasty
With the help of 300,000 troops from the Khitan, Shi Jingtang wiped out the later Tang Dynasty and became the emperor of Jin Gaozu, known as the later Jin Dynasty in history. Duluo for 2 years and then moved to Kaifeng. After that, Luoyang was the capital of the later Han Dynasty, the later Zhou Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty. The Jin Dynasty designated Luoyang as Zhongjing, changed it to Jinchang Prefecture of Henan Province, and incorporated Henan County into Luoyang County. Due to the destruction of Luoyang Dongcheng, Gyeonggi area and Jinyong City, a new Luoyang Dongcheng City was built in the northeast corner during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. The Fiona Fang is less than 9 miles, which is the front of today's Luoyang Old Town. It is only a small part of Luoyang city in Sui and Tang Dynasties.
Extended data
Luoyang, the ancient capital of the Nine Dynasties, was sealed by Emperor Qianlong. The "Nine Dynasties Theory" is named after the "Nine Dynasties Metropolis" in the couplet of Songyang Academy gate sealed by Emperor Qianlong. With the most nine fingers, Luoyang is actually the ancient capital of the 13th Dynasty. Luoyang is the most important birthplace of the Chinese nation and culture, and the birthplace of Chinese etiquette and the Chinese nation. It is the spiritual home of Chinese people all over the world. Luoyang is one of the eastern starting points of the Silk Road and the center of the Grand Canal in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Since the first Xia Dynasty, Luoyang has experienced 22 capital dynasties. It is the capital of China with the earliest capital, the most dynasties, the longest history and the greatest influence, with a cumulative capital history of over 1500 years. It is the only city named after the "God Capital" in the history of China.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Ancient Capital of Nine Dynasties (Luoyang)