The general law of scientific socialism founded by Marx and Engels expounded the emergence of socialism.
The historical inevitability of capitalism. They believe that the socialist revolution will develop in the west first.
The socialist countries won. Where will the later socialists put socialism first?
The question of turning an ideal into reality is usually answered in this way: where the industry is relatively developed, there is no
Where the bourgeoisie is in the majority, where the cultural level is high, and where there are many democratic elements. "
(The Complete Works of Stalin, Volume 6, page 86) However, the objective process of historical development is not like this.
The socialist revolution first won in countries with relatively backward productive forces and underdeveloped capitalism.
How to treat this objective historical fact? Marx and Engels once discussed the road of underdeveloped countries.
They discussed the issue of socialism from two aspects. One is to put underdeveloped countries
Going to socialism is regarded as a special law. Marx answered Mi Heyrovsk, Jaroslav in 1877.
In the letter 188 1 to Zha Sulic, a Russian female revolutionary, Engles gave it to Austria 1890.
In Banika's letter, it was suggested that underdeveloped capitalist countries do not have to follow the example of Western Europe.
Road, they may surpass the complete stage of capitalist development in a specific "historical environment" and gain freedom.
In addition to the inevitable disasters caused by the development of capitalism, it will also directly transition to socialism. The second is to contact the world.
The process of world revolution has discussed the problem of underdeveloped countries moving towards socialism. They think that backward countries
The outbreak of the democratic revolution is the prelude to the socialist revolution in developed countries, which may be related to this.
The two revolutions merged into one revolutionary process, thus realizing the socialist revolution. In the 40 years of 19.
Generation, they imagine the German revolution can play such a role. In the last quarter of the19th century, they
And pinned their hopes on Russia. "If the Russian revolution will become the letter of the western proletarian revolution.
And the two sides complement each other, then today's Russian land public ownership can become communism.
The starting point of socialist development. "(Selected Works of Marx and Engels 1 Volume 23 1 Page) Lenin in the classic
The underdeveloped countries first turned socialism from ideal into reality, and he passed the October Revolution.
Theoretical argumentation profoundly expounds the problem of underdeveloped countries moving towards socialism. On China Revolution
Lenin demonstrated from three aspects: (1) Historical development is the dialectic of general law and special law.
Unification. He pointed out: "The general law of world historical development not only does not exclude individual stages of development.
It shows particularity in the form or order of development, but it is based on it. "(Selected Works of Lenin)
He also stressed that these particularities have not surpassed the common path of world development.
Line. This is the historical development of Europe. After the disintegration of the primitive commune, Greece, Rome
Countries such as Sparta and Teutonic entered the slave society, while others such as Sparta and Teutonic, and
Countries in the Danube valley, such as Romania, directly transferred from primitive society to feudal serfdom.
Yes, they have not experienced the development stage of slave society. (B) underdeveloped countries across capitalism
Socialism entering the stage of all-round development is related to special international and domestic conditions. Lenin
It is believed that the October Revolution was a revolution associated with the First World War, which created a revolutionary situation.
Russia has become a weak link in the imperialist chain. At the same time, Russia has the subjectivity of revolution.
Conditions, there is a mature Bolshevik party leadership, with a tenfold increase in the strength of workers and peasants. Existed leather
Under the conditions of life situation and revolutionary subjective strength, it is to give up the opportunity and wait for the material premise to mature.
Or seize the opportunity to seize power first? Revolutionary dialectics tells us that we should certainly choose the latter.
Who? (3) We should treat the material conditions of the socialist revolution dialectically. Lenin did not deny society.
The socialist revolution needs certain material conditions, not the more backward the better, and there is no certain modern economy.
The socialist revolution will not succeed. But Lenin suggested that we can seize it by revolutionary means first.
Political power, and then develop civilization on the basis of the worker-peasant regime and the Soviet system, this is just a change.
Just a historical sequence.