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Nanjing is surrounded by water and has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times. In 472 BC, the state of Yue built a city here. In 333 AD, Chu Weiwang followed the advice of the alchemist and buried the golden coffin in the north of Lion Mountain, hence the name Jinling. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang persuaded Sun Quan to make Nanjing his capital, and said, "Zhongpan and Shiju are really the residence of the emperor."
Nanjing has a history of more than 2470 years, and ranks as the four ancient capitals of China alongside Beijing, Xi and Luoyang. In history, Nanjing was the capital of ten dynasties, namely Soochow, Eastern Jin, Song, Qi, Liang, Chen, Nantang, Early Ming, Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and Republic of China. Therefore, it is called "the city of ten dynasties". Generally speaking, we can briefly summarize the characteristics of Nanjing, that is, "ancient, big, heavy and green". "Ancient" means that Nanjing is one of the seven ancient capitals of China; "Big", Nanjing is one of the top ten cities in China, with the Yangtze River, the largest river in China, and the largest and most complete existing wall in China; "Heavy", Nanjing occupies an important position in historical geography; "Green", good vegetation and advanced greening, Nanjing is one of the best cities in China. Therefore, the characteristics of the city of Nanjing can be summarized in two sentences, namely: plum blossom pine green city, tiger living dragon cinema.
Who can tell us some history about Nanjing? Nanjing (://nanjing.ecitymap/) is a city under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province, which was called Jinling in ancient times and called Ning for short, and is the capital of Jiangsu Province.
Located at the junction of Jiangsu and Anhui provinces in the east of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, in the southwest of Jiangsu Province. It is located more than 300 kilometers east of Shanghai.
It is between 3 1 14'~ 32 37' north latitude and118 22' ~114' east longitude. Zhenjiang in the east, Maanshan and Wuhu in Anhui in the west, Xuancheng in Anhui in the south and Yangzhou in the north.
Across the banks of the Yangtze River, the maximum longitudinal distance from north to south is140km, and the maximum lateral distance from east to west is 80km, with a total area of 6582.35438+0km2, of which the urban area is 4723.07km2 and the built-up area is 513km2. Nanjing is a famous ancient city in China. It is also known as the four ancient capitals of China with Xi, Luoyang and Beijing. It is one of the four ancient capitals in China with a long history.
The skull of Nanjing ape-man unearthed in Tangshan, the eastern suburb, shows that it was the habitat of human beings 300 thousand years ago. More than 6000 years ago, primitive villages appeared in Nanjing.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Nanjing was located in the "Wu Tou Chu Wei" and was an important smelting and casting town of Wu State. In 472 BC, after the restoration and destruction of Wu, the King of Yue built Yuecheng on the Qinhuai River, which was the earliest ancient city in Nanjing.
In 333 BC, Chu destroyed Yue, took Wu's hometown, built a city on the rocky mountain, and set up Jinling City. In 222 BC, Qin destroyed Chu, and in 2 10 BC, Jinling was changed to Moling County.
The early Han Dynasty was the fief of Han Xin, the king of Chu. In 229, Wu Congwu, the capital of the Three Kingdoms, moved to Jianye, creating the capital history of Nanjing.
In 3 17, the Eastern Jin Dynasty was established, with Jiankang as its capital. 420-589 * * * 170 Nanjing was the capital of Song, Qi, Liang and Chen in the Southern Dynasties.
Nanjing was the capital of the Five Dynasties, the Southern Tang Dynasty, the early Ming Dynasty, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the Republic of China. History is called "the old capital of the Ten Dynasties".
Among them, the Ming Dynasty was founded in 1368, with Nanjing as its capital for 54 years. 142 1 After the first northward migration in, Nanjing was regarded as the capital until the demise of the Ming Dynasty. 1949 On April 23rd, China people occupied Nanjing and founded Nanjing people.
After 1949, Nanjing was first a municipality directly under the central government, and 1952 restored Jiangsu Province. Nanjing was reduced to a provincial city and has been the capital of Jiangsu Province ever since. 1990 Nanjing was designated as a city under separate state planning, and 1994 the provincial capital city was abolished. The Central Organization Establishment Committee of the State Council has determined that the administrative level of Nanjing is sub-provincial.
Nanjing has many cultural relics and profound cultural accumulation. 1982 is listed as a national historical and cultural city by the State Council. Since the city was built 2470 years ago, Nanjing has experienced dynasty changes and twists and turns. Only the city names have been changed more than 40 times, such as Jinling, Moling, Yangzhou, Danyang, Jiangcheng, Hushu, Jianye, Jiankang, Jiangning, Shengzhou, Baixia, Shangyuan, Qing Ji, Yingtian and Tianjing. There are few frequent constructions and evolutions in China.
At the same time, there are both amazing glory and sacrificial decline. There are many cultural relics in China.
A large number of historical sites, such as Yuecheng, Jinlingyi site, the stone carvings of the tombs of the Six Dynasties, the Second Mausoleum of the Southern Tang Dynasty, and the city walls of the Ming Dynasty, show strong characteristics of the ancient capital. The city has beautiful scenery.
The mountains in the southeast are undulating, surrounded by rivers in the northwest, and the city is tree-lined, with 48 scenic spots and charming folk customs. It has become a national excellent garden city and tourist city. There are many historical figures.
Sun Shoumeng, the prince of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhu Jian, the founding general of the Western Han Dynasty, Sun Quan, the ruler of the Three Kingdoms, Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, Yue Fei, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, the leader of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and Sun Yat-sen, the pioneer of the democratic revolution, all left deep historical traces in Nanjing. Li Bai's poems and songs, Li Yu's lyrics and songs, Wang Anshi's beautiful essays and Wu's novels all left a splendid cultural heritage for this ancient city.
Nanjing is located in the vast plain of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, living by the river, and the "golden waterway" passes through the city. As a natural port, Nanjing Port has become the largest inland port in the Far East, and its urban development is also located in a riverside port city. At present, it has become a comprehensive industrial base with electronics, automobiles and chemicals as the leading industries, and an important transportation hub and communication center in eastern China. Successive dynasties left a rich and colorful cultural heritage here, and the stone carvings in the culture of the Six Dynasties became one of the symbols of Nanjing city.
Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, Confucius Temple and Qinhuai Scenic Area were listed as "Top 40 Tourist Attractions in China" in 199 1. Today, Nanjing is an excellent tourist city in China.
Cedar (city tree) and plum blossom (city flower) set off the majestic Ming city wall. Nanjing, an ancient shady capital, welcomes guests from all directions with a smile. Nanjing is a subtropical monsoon humid climate zone with abundant rainfall and four distinct seasons, with an annual average temperature of 15.4 and an annual average precipitation of 1 106 mm.
The sun is shining in spring; In the rainy season, it is rainy and continuous; It is hot in summer, and it is also called "three stoves" with Wuhan and Chongqing; Autumn is dry and cool; Winter is cold and dry. Nanjing is short in spring and autumn, long in winter and long in summer, and the temperature difference between winter and summer is significant. The four seasons have their own characteristics and are suitable for tourism. Therefore, there are such sayings as "the cow's head is covered with smoke", "enjoying clear clouds in summer", "climbing Qixia in autumn" and "watching the snow in Shicheng in winter".
After the construction since the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially since the reform and opening up, Nanjing has formed four outstanding advantages: First, its location advantage. Nanjing is located at the intersection of the coastal open area and the Yangtze River basin, close to Shanghai, the largest economic and financial center in China. It is an important city in the economic core area of Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou in China's land planning. It plays an important role in the coastal, riverside and coastal opening-up strategy of Jiangsu and has favorable conditions for accelerating economic internationalization.
The second is the advantages of transportation and communication. Nanjing is an important transportation and communication hub in East China, with five modes of transportation: railway, highway, aviation, water transport and pipeline, which constitute a three-dimensional large-capacity transportation network. Program-controlled telephone, mobile communication, data communication, microwave, satellite and optical fiber constitute a modern communication network.
The third is the advantage of educational science and technology. Nanjing is one of the four bases of higher education and scientific research in China.
The fourth is the industrial advantage. Nanjing is an important comprehensive industrial base in the eastern part of China, and has formed a comprehensive industrial system focusing on electronics, automobiles, chemicals and a number of local specialty products.
Nanjing is also a major commercial port in the Yangtze River Delta, second only to Shanghai. In 2007, the total retail sales of social commodities was138.046 billion yuan. City Flower-Plum Blossom 1982 April19 The eighth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth Nanjing Municipal People's Congress discussed and decided to name Plum Blossom as the city flower of Nanjing.
Nanjing has a long history of plum blossom resorts, such as Meiyuan New Village and Meihua Mountain. Plum blossom has a cedar-like character and has withstood the test of cold and snow.