The "three-year natural disaster" is mainly reflected in the huge trauma caused by many natural disasters in China and the unprecedented famine in Chinese mainland. From June 5438+0962 to June 5438+0-September, there was a large-scale drought in the whole country. Since the winter of last year, there has been almost no rain and snow in northwestern Hunan, northern Guangdong, northern Sichuan, northern Jiangsu and central Anhui. In February, about 1 10,000 hectares experienced drought. In March, the arid areas expanded to Henan, Hubei, Guizhou and Shaanxi provinces, totaling 3.6 million hectares.
Hexi Corridor in Gansu, Hulunbeier and Wulanchabu areas in Inner Mongolia, northwestern Shanxi, northwestern Hebei, and northwestern Jilin have a drought period of 200-400 days, and even dry wells break rivers, making it difficult for people and animals to draft. 1962 drought affected 24 provinces (cities) mainly in the north 217.46 million hectares of farmland, with an affected area of 8.784 million hectares. People are used to calling these disasters "three-year natural disasters".
The main reasons of "three-year natural disaster" in 1962
Natural factors, including abnormal climate, extreme drought, pests and other factors lead to a large number of crop failures. At the same time, the natural resources in some places are overexploited, which leads to the imbalance of ecological environment. Coupled with some unreasonable irrigation and drainage projects, land desertification and quality decline have been aggravated.
On policy issues, including the "iron and steel smelting" and "people's commune" two major policies. Smelting steel requires the people of the whole country to collectively produce steel, and a large number of farmers are recruited to work in steel production plants, resulting in a decrease in agricultural production opportunities. However, the people's commune abolished the private ownership of land and realized the collective economy of farmers, but it led to problems such as poor land circulation, low enthusiasm of farmers for production and decreased grain output.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Three Difficult Years