China is located in the east of Asia and the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. China has a vast territory, starting from the center of Heilongjiang near Mohe River in the north, reaching Zengmu shoal in Nansha Islands in the south, starting from Pamir Plateau in the west and reaching the confluence of Heilongjiang and Wusuli River in the east. The territorial sea consists of the Bohai Sea (inland sea), the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea and the South China Sea.
The terrain of China is high in the west and low in the east, which is complex and diverse. The proportion of various landforms in China's land area is as follows: mountains 33.3%, plateaus 26%, basins 18.8%, plains 12% and hills 9.9%. The terrain forms three steps from west to east: there is the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the west, with the highest terrain, more than 4000 meters above sea level. It is composed of extremely high mountains and plateau surfaces, and is called the "roof of the world", which is the first step, bounded by Kunlun Mountain, Qilian Mountain, Hengduan Mountain and the second step. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the second step between Daxing 'anling, Taihang Mountain, Wushan Mountain and Xuefeng Mountain in the east, with an altitude of 1000 to 2,000m, which is mainly composed of mountains, plateaus and basins. The vast plains and hills in eastern China are the third step. This landscape pattern was laid by the Mesozoic Yanshan movement.
Mountains, plateaus and hills in China account for about 67% of the land area, while basins and plains account for about 33% of the land area. The mountains are mostly east-west, northeast-southwest, mainly Altai Mountain, Tianshan Mountain, Kunlun Mountain, Karakorum Mountain, Himalayan Mountain, Yinshan Mountain, Qinling Mountain, Nanling Mountain, Daxinganling Mountain, Changbai Mountain, Taihang Mountain, Wuyishan Mountain, Taiwan Province Mountain, Wushan Mountain and Hengduan Mountain. There is the highest Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the world in the west, with an average elevation of more than 4,000 meters. It is called "the roof of the world", and Mount Everest is 8848.86 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak in the world. In Inner Mongolia, Northwest China, Loess Plateau, Sichuan Basin and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Kunlun Mountain-Qilian Mountain-Hengduan Mountain is the second step of China's topography. Daxinganling-Taihang Mountain-Wushan-Xuefeng Mountain is the third step, and the coastline from east to east is mostly plain and hilly. The continental shelf to the east and south of the coastline is rich in seabed resources.
The climate in China is complex and diverse, including temperate monsoon climate, subtropical monsoon climate, tropical monsoon climate, temperate continental climate and plateau mountain climate, which spans tropical, subtropical, warm temperate, middle temperate and cold temperate zones from south to north.
China is one of the countries with the longest history in the world, with splendid culture and glorious revolutionary tradition, and the number of world heritage is ahead of the world. 1949 after the founding of new China, it entered the period of socialist revolution and construction. 1956 realized the transition to socialism. Since then, socialist construction has developed in twists and turns in exploration. After the reform and opening up, we concentrated our efforts on socialist modernization along the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. After long-term efforts, Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era.