Saxophone 1832 10 was born in breslau (now Wroclaw) and10 died in Wü rzburg on May 29th, 997. As a teenager, I was brilliant. I like collecting plant specimens and making my own classification map. When I was young, I worked as an assistant to the physiologist J.E. Pulkki Nie at Prague University, and became a self-taught student. 1856 received his doctorate in philosophy, 1857 taught plant physiology for the first time, 1859- 1867 taught in agricultural colleges near Dresden and Bonn. 187 1 was elected as the principal of the school, and 1877 served as the consultant of the board of directors until his death.

Sachs can be said to be the founder of modern plant physiology, and his research work involves almost all aspects of plant physiology. For example, the transformation of storage materials during seed germination, the cultivation of plants and the absorption of minerals in pure nutrient solution, the influence of temperature on plants and freezing injury, the role of light and the yellowing of plants, the formation of flowers, stems and roots, the growth of roots, and the phototropism, geotropism and hydrotropism of plants have all been studied. The main results are as follows: it is proved that chlorophyll only exists in chloroplasts, and photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts and starch is formed; It is found that the growth of plants is mainly due to the enlargement of cells rather than division. The main theoretical viewpoints are as follows: (1) the environment is characterized by the lowest, optimal and highest three basic points of various plant physiological activities; It is inferred that the differentiation of flowers, stems and roots is controlled by "substances formed by specialized organs". He also put forward some ideas and means for the problems that he failed to solve.

He is also very innovative in experimental techniques, such as iodine staining to determine starch and counting bubbles to determine photosynthesis, which are still used in the laboratory. He also created some instruments, such as automatic recording growth instrument, glass box for observing root growth, simple spectroscope, gyrator for studying geotropism, centrifuge, thermostat and so on.

Sachs published many scientific papers in his life, which have been merged into two volumes. His main works are: Handbook of Plant Experimental Physiology (1865), Botany Textbook (1868), Botany History (1875) and Plant Physiology Lecture Notes (1882).

He established a professional laboratory of plant physiology in the University of Wü rzburg, and trained many talents, including W. F.P Fifo, G.A. Krebs, F.Darwin, K. Gabel and others who later became famous plant physiologists.

Saxophone enjoyed an international reputation all his life, and the universities of Bonn, Bologna and London all received his honorary doctorate in Zeng Zeng. Many societies and colleges in Europe have hired him as an honorary member or academician. 1877, the Bavarian royal family in Germany also awarded him the title of aristocrat.