Shihu wharf
Shihu Dingziba Wharf
Shihu Wharf is named after its village? Shi Hu? Named after this? Shi Hu? This place name is full of legends and is closely related to navigation and trade. Shi Hu ancient name? Rihu? The rising sun rises, and a rising sun rises from the lake and sea, hence the name? Rihu? . In the12nd century, after the completion of Liushengta, a beacon tower in Quanzhou's outer harbor, Rihu Lake added another magnificent scenery. The towering stone pagoda and the beautiful harbor complement each other, so it is also called? Shi Hu? . ?
Shihu Peninsula is surrounded by the sea on three sides and a half moon bay on the west side, forming a natural shelter from the wind. The peninsula is located in the middle of Quanzhou Bay, at the intersection of Jinjiang River and Luoyang River, which leads directly to Shuangjiang River internally and guards the main channel of Quanzhou Bay externally. The location of Shihu Lake is very suitable for wharf construction. Moreover, Shihu Port waterway has a low water depth of14m and a high water depth of 36m. The seabed is a flat granite structure, which is not easy to deposit and is very suitable for large ships to berth.
Since the 8th century AD (AD 720, the eighth year of Kaiyuan in Tang Dynasty), Quanzhou navigator Lin Luan built a wharf here, engaged in shipping and overseas trade, and became the most important production form and economic source for Shihu villagers. Especially 10? /kloc-in the 4th century, with the prosperity of overseas traffic in Quanzhou, two navigation towers, Wanshou Tower and Liusheng Tower, were built one after another, and the shipping function of Shihu Wharf was fully exerted.
Tongji trestle
The main body of Shihu Wharf consists of a group of nearshore reefs and Tongji trestle. What is the name of the trestle bridge connecting the village on the shore and the big reef pier in front? Tongji bridge? . This bridge was built during the Yuan You period in the Northern Song Dynasty (1086? 1094), which was built by Fu Xian, an official, between the reef and the coastline, to make the function of the wharf more complete. Built later than the previous natural reef wharf, it forms Shihu wharf together with the reef wharf. The bridge has existed since ancient times. It was rebuilt in 1639 (Ming Dynasty) and also renovated in modern times.
The trestle is 2.2 meters wide and 66 meters long, which is higher than the beach 1.5-2.9 meters. The foundation is built with granite strips layer by layer, and it is reinforced with pine stakes like Jiangkou Wharf. According to the archaeological work of the trestle foundation, the stone bridge foundation of the Song Dynasty is still preserved in the lowest layer of the trestle, and traces of many repairs to the trestle can be seen in the upper part. Pieces of porcelain from the Song and Yuan Dynasties were unearthed around the bridge foundation, mainly products of the magnetic stove kiln.
Tongji trestle bridge connects the reef with the land, which is not only convenient for docking and landing from the reef, but also can be used as landing facilities at high tide. ?
Reef wharf
This is a dock built of natural rocks. It was used in the early 8th century (Tang Dynasty, 720) and was founded by Quanzhou Maritime Luan. He inherited his ancestors' navigation and trade, established many shipping docks and shipyards in Quanzhou Bay and Weitouwan coastal areas, and opened a route from Quanzhou to Boni (North kalimantan island and Brunei), directly purchasing spices, which made a lot of profits, thus promoting the development of shipping industry and foreign trade in the surrounding coastal areas. ?
This wharf is cleverly built of natural rocks, with stone steps dug on the slope near the sea and mooring holes, which is convenient for berthing ships and loading and unloading goods. There is also a small trestle, which is made of stones and connects two reefs. ?
Ontology protection
The granite of reef masonry trestle has high hardness, strong wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and is well preserved as a whole. Because it has been used since ancient times, it is well maintained. Daily mortar joint repair, moss cleaning and sundries cleaning shall be carried out for the trestle relics. In order to prevent the influence of the tide, concreting was built on both sides of the trestle. ?
envelop
This paper focuses on the cultural value of Wanshou Pagoda, Liusheng Pagoda and Shihu Wharf. The sea is far away, and the tides rise and fall, telling the eternal story of the Maritime Silk Road. Construction of beacon towers and docks in foreign ports, * * * Witness 10? /kloc-the maturity of Quanzhou port construction technology and the prosperity of commercial civilization in port cities in the 0/4th century.
1. In order to ensure the smooth navigation of Quanzhou Bay. During the Xining period of the Northern Song Dynasty (1068? 1077), the imperial court set up a patrol village in Shihu with 125 people. Jiading period of Southern Song Dynasty (12 17? 12 19), when Zhen was appointed as the governor of Quanzhou, Zhaicheng was rebuilt and 50 military camps were built, and the establishment was increased to 225 people. The town patrolled the coastal defense, wiped out pirates, rectified official management and reduced business tax, which promoted the revitalization of Quanzhou Port's overseas trade.
2. In the 12th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1639), the inscription on Tongji Bridge was rebuilt (the lower part was missing), which became a sea ban in Ceng Ying and attracted foreign businessmen. Rare seagoing ship? Collect the historical witness of Shihu Lake. The exhibition hall on the second floor mainly displays the navigation functions of Wanshou Pagoda and Liusheng Pagoda through the collection of nautical charts of Ming and Qing Dynasties, and witnesses the advanced navigation technology and prosperous maritime trade history of ancient Quanzhou (Erythrina). ?
3. The Complete Map of Fujian Coast, collected by the National Library of Japan, was drawn at the beginning of the 8th century/KLOC-0, describing in detail the towns, military facilities, ports, islands, rivers and other geographical elements along the coast of Fujian. Among them, Guansuo Tower (Wanshou Tower) and Shihu Tower (Liusheng Tower) are clearly marked in the whole state, which shows the important geographical positions of these two navigation towers. The third part of the exhibition hall mainly introduces the navigation situation and long history of overseas trade of the Six Sacred Pagoda, which has a far-reaching impact on the life and production customs of Shihu people. ?
4. 198 1 A Ming Dynasty four-claw iron anchor was salvaged in Shihu Port waters, with the remaining claw length of 80? 120 cm, caliber 12? 13cm. The remaining length of anchor rod is 268 cm, the diameter is 17 cm, and the total amount is 785.3 kg. It is now preserved in Quanzhou Ancient Ship Exhibition Hall. The shape of the anchor is the same as the illustration of the anchor drawn by 1597 Luo Maodeng, which witnessed the historical fact that Zheng He's fleet docked in Quanzhou. The Maritime Silk Road is not only a way of trade and barter, but also a way of knowledge exchange. The exchange of goods and culture has brought about the renewal of ideas and had a far-reaching impact on the development of human history and modern civilization. ?
5. The launching ceremony of the "Ancient Sailboat" special stamps jointly issued by the postal authorities of China and Portugal was held in Quanzhou, Fujian and Lisbon, Portugal on October 8, 2006. Two stamps were issued, depicting ancient sailboats in China and Portugal respectively. One of them shows the Song Dynasty three-masted sailboat unearthed in Quanzhou Bay, which guides ships to enter and leave the port with the Six Victory Pagoda in Quanzhou as the background. The other shows a Portuguese dhow in the15th century, with the Belem lighthouse in Lisbon as the background.
Heroic harem
? Heroic harem? The god worshipped is Zhang Yun, a general who defended the harbor and defeated thieves many times in the 10 century. Castle peak king) and its department (name? Hero Hou? ) is still regarded as the patron saint of shipping by Shihu villagers.
When religious and folk festivals need to hold sacrificial activities, it is necessary to draw up an activity plan in advance, determine the number of participants in the activities and the measures to divert them according to the time period, and implement them only after approval by the heritage protection management department. Fireworks and firecrackers, incense burning and paper burning must be carried out in designated safe areas, and all activities shall not affect or destroy the cultural relics safety and landscape features of Shihu Wharf. ?
Re-borrowing pavilion
/kloc-At the beginning of the 7th century (Ming Dynasty), Ceng Ying, a native of Jiangxi, worked in Quanzhou and was in charge of coastal defense affairs. He trusted and reused Admiral Zheng Zhilong, and put down the pirate groups that invaded Quanzhou Bay and Taiwan Province Strait. Ensuring the safety of Quanzhou's overseas traffic arteries has won the hearts of the people. When Ceng Ying left office, Quanzhou people begged the court for permission. Borrow again? Zeng Ying stayed in Quanzhou and built this story here? Borrow the pavilion again? . The inscription was written by Zhang Ruitu, a famous calligrapher in Quanzhou at that time.
Community coordination and participation
People around Shihu Port actively participate in overseas trade and form the habit of attaching importance to business and being good at external communication. Today, engaging in shipping and foreign trade is still an important production form of Shihu and its surrounding people. While gaining huge economic benefits, the people are charitable and donate money to support the construction of ports and docks. Moreover, it also has a unique emotional sustenance for cultural heritages such as Shihu Wharf, Wanshou Pagoda and Liushengta, and regards these cultural heritages as an inseparable part of their lives. So, local organizations? Hanjiang Town Harmonious Society Promotion Association? , formulated the convention on civilized behavior, agreed to protect the heritage, consciously regulate behavior and so on.