There are countless wars in human history, and some famous battles are familiar to us, such as Marathon, Hot Springs Pass, Waterloo, Verdun, Typhoon, Stalingrad and Berlin. In the history of China, there are the battles of Makino, Changping, Julu, Battle of Red Cliffs, Feishui, Meng Lianggu and Huaihai. Battle of Verdun, Battle of Somme, Breakthrough of Bruzhlov, Battle of Leningrad, etc. All the official casualties exceeded 1 million. Among these battles, the battle of Stalingrad was the bloodiest in history, with an estimated 2 million casualties on both sides, and more people participated than in other battles in history. A saying circulated by the Soviet troops guarding Stalingrad: We occupied the kitchen, but the living room is still in the hands of the enemy! At the beginning, during the day, the Soviets fought for one room at a time, and the Germans also fought for it. In the evening, the Soviets organized death squads to take it back. After rework, the two sides reversed, the Germans defended and the Soviets attacked. This is an ordinary building in Stalingrad. The same is true of all buildings in Stalingrad. All the workers in the factory are making weapons with guns on their backs, and the defenders of the factory are fighting the enemy more than ten meters away. The tank is off the assembly line and is about to start. No front, no back. As long as you are alive, you must fight with a gun. A soldier lives as a monitor for one day, a platoon leader for two days, and so on, because your comrades-in-arms and officers are all dead, and you are surrounded by supplementary recruits, but you will not be a leader, because no one will live for five days. From1August 23rd, 942 to1February, 943, Stalingrad became the most frightening city in the world. There really is no place more terrible than here. Samosonov, an expert in the history of World War II, said that the number of casualties in Stalingrad exceeded 2 million, which was 10 times that of Hiroshima. At the height of the battle, a soldier survived on the battlefield for less than 9 minutes, while an officer survived for 3 days. Before the war broke out, 800,000 people lived in the city covered by this garden. However, six months later, when the war ended, there were only 7,850 people left in this ruined city. In 20 15, 95-year-old Popolev still remembers some figures. The soldier who participated in the whole Stalingrad campaign spent one "soldier's nine-minute life cycle" after another on the battlefield. "When I came to Stalingrad, I had more than 7,000 troops. Two months later, this number became more than 60. Up to now, we can't count how many families are buried in the ruins. According to the World War II Committee of Stalingrad, in the bombing on August 23rd, the Germans not only used carpet bombing tactics, but also set a precedent of indiscriminate bombing in European war zones, and civilians became the targets of hunting. According to the statistics at that time, on the 23rd alone, the number of casualties exceeded 50,000, most of which were civilians. 1941On June 22nd, Nazi Germany and its Axis allies launched the "Barbarossa Plan", tore up the Soviet-German non-aggression treaty and flagrantly invaded the Soviet Union, and the Soviet-German war broke out. The Germans occupied a large area of the western Soviet Union like lightning. The Soviet army, which suffered a series of blows in the summer and autumn of 194 1, won the first victory in Moscow in February of that year. Due to the lack of war equipment and stable supply lines to cope with winter, and the sudden drop of temperature one night, the German mechanized troops were completely unusable, which was severely hit at the gates of Moscow and some areas were counterattacked. By the spring of 1942, the long Soviet-German front was relatively stable, but both sides were preparing for a larger-scale battle to seize the strategic initiative. In view of the fact that the Germans have been unable to launch a full-scale attack. General Hald, the army chief of staff, suggested that if we want to launch another attack, we should aim at Moscow. However, Hitler thought that the goal of attacking Moscow was too obvious, the German central army group had been greatly weakened, and the Germans should give up the plan to attack Moscow again. Therefore, Germany began to plan to concentrate its forces on the northern and southern fronts to launch a new round of local offensive. In addition, because the United States declared war on Japan after being attacked by Pearl Harbor (Pearl Harbor Incident), Germany realized that time was quite short. Hitler hoped to end the Eastern War or weaken the Soviet Union as much as possible before the American army had a chance to join the European battlefield. 194 1 year, after the German occupation of Ukraine, Stalingrad became the only traffic throat from the central part of the Soviet Union to the important economic areas in the south, and its strategic position was extremely important. After the defeat of Moscow, the Germans were forced to give up their all-round attack. /kloc-in the summer of 0/942, they launched a major attack on the south wing of the Soviet-German battlefield in an attempt to capture the Caucasus and Stalingrad and cut off the strategic supply line of the Soviet Red Army. The Soviet Supreme Command was determined to stick to Stalingrad. 1942165438+1At the beginning of October, the German army finally slowly advanced to the Volga River, occupying 80% of the whole city. The Soviet Red Army used every house and factory to carry out hard street fighting. Stalingrad has become a rubble field, and 80% of the residential areas in the city have been destroyed. Under the tenacious resistance of the Red Army, the Germans who invaded the city suffered heavy losses, and the number of casualties continued to increase. Zhukov, commander-in-chief of the Red Army in charge of the overall strategy of Stalingrad, assembled troops on both sides of the city. 1942165438+1019, the Soviet red army began to carry out counterattacks codenamed "Operation Uranus" and "Operation Jupiter". 1On February 2, 943, Marshal Paulus, commander of the German Sixth Army besieged in Stalingrad, and more than 90,000 men under his command announced their surrender. No matter from what angle, the Battle of Stalingrad is one of the most tragic battles in the history of World War II and even human war. The whole campaign lasted 199 days. Due to the huge scale of the campaign, the number of casualties has never been accurately counted. Western scholars estimate that the Axis forces suffered 850,000 casualties in this battle, including 750,000 casualties and 9 1 0,000 captured. The Soviet Union estimated that 6.5438+0.5 million Axis troops would be wiped out. Either way, the statement that the Germans lost the south wing of the Eastern Front 1/4 in the Battle of Stalingrad has been recognized by most people. The failure of the Battle of Stalingrad made the Germans regard launching the later Battle of Kursk as their last hope to regain the initiative in the Soviet-German battlefield, but they completely lost the strategic initiative in the Soviet-German battlefield. As General Zeitzler, the German Chief of General Staff, said, "We lost 250,000 officers and men in Stalingrad, which is equivalent to breaking our backbone in the whole eastern front. At the same time, the Soviet Union also paid a heavy price. The specific casualties of Soviet troops are: 47487 1, 650878 injured or captured, and the total casualties are 1 1296 19. In just 1 week after the German invasion of this city, more than 40,000 Soviet citizens were killed. There is no accurate statistics on the number of civilian deaths in the whole campaign, but it can be said that it far exceeds this figure. In addition, the Germans were eliminated by the entire organizational system, and the combat effectiveness no longer existed. It is impossible for this new army to form combat effectiveness without a period of training. The surplus troops of the Soviet Red Army can replenish new recruits, bring the old with the new, and quickly form combat effectiveness. Moreover, it is difficult for German personnel to supply materials, and the supply speed and quantity of the Soviet Red Army far exceed that of Germany. As a result, Germany's strength weakened. After the Battle of Stalingrad, the strength of the Soviet Union and Germany has undergone fundamental changes, and this battle has also become a landmark battle of the great turning point in the anti-fascist war. Later, Nazi Germany tried many times to reverse the situation again, but the balance of victory was getting farther and farther away from them. Welcome to the headline number: comprehensive video sharing, sharing more exciting content every day. Disclaimer: The above content comes from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author. If there is any infringement of your original copyright, please let us know and we will delete the relevant content as soon as possible.