1, name: Bao Zheng, word: xiren, alias: Bao Qingtian, Bao Longtu, date of birth: 999 AD, memorial day: 1062 Nationality: Han nationality: Luzhou (Hefei) Bao Zheng, minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, a famous official and politician in China history. Song Renzong was born a swordsman for five years (1027). At the beginning, both parents came forward to resign, and both parents died before they took office. He has served as Dali Supervisor, Jianchang County Magistrate, Zhuanzhou County Tax Supervisor, Tianchang County Magistrate, Duanzhou County Magistrate, Temple Relocation Officer, Yushijian, Tianzhangge Officer, Longtuge Bachelor, Kaifeng Prefecture Deputy, and Shu Mi. In the seventh year of Jiayou (1062), he died in Kaifeng at the age of 63. When Bao Zheng was appointed as the suggestion, he advocated "training and selecting generals, being pragmatic as the last step" to defend the Khitan. Bao Zheng was an honest official all his life. He is famous for his honesty, strict law enforcement and fearlessness of powerful people. At that time, he was called "If you can't reach the union, you will have a Yamaraja pension". Revenge for the people, punish evil and promote good, and the people are honored as "Bao Qingtian". As the theme of old novels and operas, his deeds are increasingly widely circulated, and he is regarded as an "honest official" image, which has been praised by people throughout the ages. Song served as the magistrate of Tianchang (Anhui Tianchang) for four years (1037), with considerable political achievements. After taking office, he was transferred to Zhiduan Prefecture (Zhaoqing, Guangdong). After returning to Beijing, he was appointed as the censor and changed to a "speech officer". Officials who misbehave or violate the law may be impeached. In order to punish corrupt officials, in August of the fourth year of Qing Dynasty (1044), he issued begging officials to Renzong who did not take bribes, thinking that honesty was a model for people and stolen goods were "thieves". Bao Zheng wrote to Wang Kui seven times, exposing his "heart like a snake and scorpion" and harming the people. And severely criticized Song Ting's official appointment system. From the second year of your life (1050) to the third year of your life, Bao Zheng Zhijian Institute impeached Zhang Yaozuo, a consort, three times, trying to find out the extraordinary fraud case of the devil Leng Qing pretending to be a prince, which shocked the ruling and opposition parties. During his tenure as a judge and deputy minister of the Third Division, Bao Zheng served as a transit ambassador in JD.COM, Shaanxi and Hebei. Everywhere he went, he took it as his duty to reduce the burden on the people, get rid of disadvantages and develop production, and put forward the economic thought of "benefiting the people and the country" Many times, for the sake of state affairs, the emperor said something that he didn't like to hear, criticized the minister's power, and asked him to stop the favor given by the emperor to the cronies and bureaucrats, and everything was changed to the normal channels of the competent departments. He wrote three memorials from Wei Zhi to Emperor Taizong, and dedicated them to Song Renzong, as his motto, always be vigilant and concentrate on state affairs. I asked Renzong to be humble and trainable, to distinguish right from wrong, not to engage in "preconceptions", but to cherish talents, remove harshness, prohibit punishment, prohibit heresy, and not to build at will, and so on, which was adopted and implemented by the court. In December of the first year of Jiayou (1056), the imperial court appointed Bao Zheng as Kaifeng Prefecture in Quan Zhi. He officially took office in March of the following year and left office in June of three years, only one year before and after. However, in this short period of time, Kaifeng, which is known as intractable, was managed in an orderly manner. Dare to punish the illegal acts of dignitaries, resolutely curb the arrogance of Kaifeng officials, and promptly punish those who falsely accuse unruly people. Because Bao Zheng was strict in law enforcement, impartial and fearless in Kaifeng, the eunuchs had to restrain themselves, and they were afraid when they heard Bao Zheng's name. All ages, women and children know Bao Zheng's name and affectionately call him "Porter". There is a saying in Kaifeng that "if you can't reach the joints, there will be Yamaraja to support the elderly." . "Yamaraja metaphor Bao Zheng impartial. In the sixth year of Song Jiayou (106 1), he was an official and a secretary, and died in May of the following year. "The officials and people in Beijing are very sad, and sighs can be heard in the street. The imperial court presented a letter to the official department, and fifteen volumes of Playing Musical Instruments were handed down from generation to generation. Bao Zheng is not only an honest official, but also a strict housekeeper. He personally formulated a family motto: "The descendants of future generations are the world's best, committing thieves and abuses, and shall not be released from their own homes. After his death, he should not be buried in a big coffin. Not from my ambition, not from my descendants. " This family motto warns future generations that officials should not take bribes and bend the law. Offenders are never allowed to go back to Bao's house (that is, expel his family membership), and even cannot be buried in Bao's grave after death. Those who don't obey the family precepts don't admit that they are descendants of the Bao family. In addition, Bao Zheng also carved the family precepts on the tablet and erected them on the west wall of the main hall to show future generations. Under his strict discipline, his descendants can abide by family rules. Bao Zheng's wife Dong Shi gave birth to a son named Bao Yong and married his wife Cui Shi. Bao ytterbium died young. Bao Zheng's wife Sun Shi gave birth to a boy named Bao Mao, and Bao Zheng's wife and her eldest daughter-in-law Cui Shi raised him. Cui Shi, the eldest daughter-in-law, was rewarded by Zhezong because she made the Bao Zheng family both an heir and a good tutor. It is said that the commendation speech given by the emperor to Bao Zheng's eldest daughter-in-law Cui Shi was written by Su Shi, a great writer. Bao Yong, the eldest son, is an official in Taichang Temple. Unfortunately, he died in his twenties. Although Bao Yong was an official for a short time, under the education of his father Bao Zheng, he achieved remarkable results and was honest and clean, which was well received by people at that time. The second son, Bao Mao, was a judge of Taishi Taizu, imperial academy Cheng and Haozhou (in Fengyang, Anhui). At the age of 48, he was promoted to Tanzhou and sentenced. He died on the way to his post. According to historical records, Bao Shou, like his father, is a austere and serious official. There is nothing in the box except imperial letters, books and works. Really honest and innocent. Bao Zheng's grandson Bao Yongnian is as honest as his predecessors. He used to be the main book of Xianyang County in Kaifeng and the county magistrate of Chongyang County. Bao Yongnian, who had been an official all his life, died, almost without a ticket, penniless and even without money for funeral. His funeral was funded by his two younger brothers. When he died, people "looked at each other and sighed" and praised him and said, "After Bao Gong, I believe in a wise grandson."
2. Bao Zheng (999- 1062), a native of Hefei, Luzhou (Hefei, Anhui), was a scholar in Tiansheng for five years in the Northern Song Dynasty (1027).
After entering the Jinshi, because his parents are old, he can't bear to go far away to be an official. It was not until his parents died one after another and his filial piety was completed that he was persuaded by his relatives and friends to become an official. During this period, he was famous for his filial piety in the countryside for ten years.
Song served as the magistrate of Tianchang (Anhui Tianchang) for four years (1037), with considerable political achievements. After taking office, he was transferred to Zhiduan Prefecture (Zhaoqing, Guangdong). After returning to Beijing, he was appointed as the censor and changed to a "speech officer". Officials who misbehave or violate the law may be impeached. In order to punish corrupt officials, in August of the fourth year of Qing Dynasty (1044), he issued begging officials to Renzong who did not take bribes, thinking that honesty was a model for people and stolen goods were "thieves". Bao Zheng wrote to Wang Kui seven times, exposing his "heart like a snake and scorpion" and harming the people. And severely criticized Song Ting's official appointment system. From the second year of your life (1050) to the third year of your life, Bao Zheng Zhijian Institute impeached Zhang Yaozuo, a consort, three times, trying to find out the extraordinary fraud case of the devil Leng Qing pretending to be a prince, which shocked the ruling and opposition parties.
During his tenure as a judge and deputy minister of the Third Division, Bao Zheng served as a transit ambassador in JD.COM, Shaanxi and Hebei. Everywhere he went, he took it as his duty to reduce the burden on the people, get rid of disadvantages and develop production, and put forward the economic thought of "benefiting the people and the country" Many times, for the sake of state affairs, the emperor said something that he didn't like to hear, criticized the minister's power, and asked him to stop the favor given by the emperor to the cronies and bureaucrats, and everything was changed to the normal channels of the competent departments. He wrote three memorials from Wei Zhi to Emperor Taizong, and dedicated them to Song Renzong, as his motto, always be vigilant and concentrate on state affairs. I asked Renzong to be humble and trainable, to distinguish right from wrong, not to engage in "preconceptions", but to cherish talents, remove harshness, prohibit punishment, prohibit heresy, and not to build at will, and so on, which was adopted and implemented by the court.
In December of the first year of Jiayou (1056), the imperial court appointed Bao Zheng as Kaifeng Prefecture in Quan Zhi. He officially took office in March of the following year and left office in June of three years, only one year before and after. However, in this short period of time, Kaifeng, which is known as intractable, was managed in an orderly manner. Dare to punish the illegal acts of dignitaries, resolutely curb the arrogance of Kaifeng officials, and promptly punish those who falsely accuse unruly people.
Because Bao Zheng was strict in law enforcement, impartial and fearless in Kaifeng, the eunuchs had to restrain themselves, and they were afraid when they heard Bao Zheng's name. All ages, women and children know Bao Zheng's name and affectionately call him "Porter". There is a saying in Kaifeng that "if you can't reach the joints, there will be Yamaraja to support the elderly." . "Yamaraja metaphor Bao Zheng impartial.
In the sixth year of Song Jiayou (106 1), he was an official to a Council secretary and died in May of the following year. "The government and people in Beijing are all sad, and the streets are full of sighs. The imperial court presented a letter to the official department, and fifteen volumes of Playing Musical Instruments were handed down from generation to generation.
3. Bao Zheng (999- 1062), Minister of Northern Song Dynasty, was born in Hefei, Luzhou (now Hefei, Anhui). This person is strict and straightforward, does not associate with others at will, and does not please others with false words. Bao Zheng firmly establishes the legislature, enforces the law fairly, and the people are masters of their own affairs, not afraid of powerful people. Born in a small and medium-sized landlord family, he received a good education from an early age, admired the ancient sages and sages, and had a "die-hard" ambition.
According to historical records, in 1027, Bao Zheng was admitted to the Jinshi in one fell swoop and was appointed as the magistrate of Jianchang County (now Cheng Nan, Jiangxi Province). Because his parents were old at that time and didn't want to leave their hometown, in order to take care of them, he gave up his job as a magistrate and found a lower official position in Hezhou (now Anhui County) not far from Hefei. His parents are still unwilling to go with him. Bao Zheng resolutely resigned and returned to his hometown to support his parents until their death. Three years after mourning, Bao Zheng, 39, returned to his official career.
When Bao Zheng was an official, he wrote a poem by Zhi Ming:
Pure heart is the foundation, and the right path is the plan. Show dry eventually becomes a building, fine steel don't make a hook.
The warehouse is full of mice and birds, and the grass is full of foxes and rabbits. There are lessons in history, so don't be ashamed.
This poem means that being clear-headed is the basis of managing political affairs, and taking the right path is the criterion of being a man. Beautiful tree trunks will eventually become pillars, and pure steel should never be made into hooks. The warehouse is full of mice and sparrows, and the fox has to worry about everything. History books record the teachings of sages of past dynasties. When an official is in politics, he must not leave evil deeds and invite humiliation from future generations.
That's what Bao Zheng wrote and did. From his return to the official position at the age of 39 to his death at the age of 64, * * * worked as an official for 26 years. At the same time, he took Zhi Ming's poems as his motto, showed noble official morality and made outstanding achievements. He has served as magistrate of a county, judge of the Ministry of Housing, transferred ambassador, state ambassador, until the three officials of the suggestion and Zhong Cheng, and deputy special envoy of the government affairs committee. In the Song Dynasty, three ambassadors and deputy ambassadors were equivalent to senior officials at the level of deputy prime minister.
Bao Zheng is frugal in his daily life. Although he later became a three-secretary envoy and a deputy envoy, he was as frugal in clothing, food and use as when he was a magistrate. In Song Dynasty, dignitaries were famous for raising geisha, while Bao Zheng only talked with his wife in his spare time.
Bao Zheng had two sons. The eldest son, Mao, died young, and his wife, Cui Shi, vowed not to remarry. The second son, named Ribbon, was born to Bao Zheng's concubine. After the death of the eldest son, the second son was adopted by Cui Shi. Bao Shou was only five years old when Bao Zheng died. After that, he was raised by Cui Shi, and Bao Shou regarded his sister-in-law Cui Shi as a gift from his mother, calling her "sister-in-law". In plays and novels, it is said that Bao Zheng called his sister-in-law "sister-in-law", which is just an artistic need. Bao Zheng doesn't have a brother, and his parents are still alive until their thirties, so Bao Zheng himself doesn't have a "sister-in-law".
Bao Zheng is not only clean, but also deeply observes people's feelings and does good for the people wherever he goes. When he was a magistrate in Duanzhou, he found that people were sick because of drinking river water. So he mobilized the masses and drilled seven wells in Duanzhou City. After people switched to well water, their health was greatly improved. These wells are called "Baogong wells" by later generations, and some of them still exist today.
Bao Zheng's impartial law enforcement is very prominent in history. 1053 in the fifth year, Bao Zheng lost his son due to old age and returned to his hometown as the magistrate of Luzhou. In the past, some relatives thought that they could be fearless, bully the weak and be afraid of the hard, and even disrupt the government and be lawless. On one occasion, one of his cousins broke the law and caused public outrage. Nephew and uncle are close relatives, so it is not easy for nephew to punish uncle. Bao Zheng mind your own business, ordered the arrest of my cousin, whipped according to law, beat up. From then on, Bao Zheng's relatives never dare to run amok again.