learning target

1. With the help of reference books, you can read the text smoothly.

2. Be able to understand the meaning of sentences and accumulate the meaning and usage of some commonly used classical Chinese words.

3. Be able to grasp the main points of the article and explore the information contained in the article.

Important and difficult

1. Key point: Understand the meaning of sentences and accumulate the meaning and usage of some commonly used classical Chinese words.

2. Difficulties: Grasp the main points of the article and explore the information contained in the article.

Text prompt

1.？ Books? It's antique, it's letters. Ancient people wrote letters with many topics, indicating who to write to. What are the problems? Newspapers? 、? Use books? 、? A letter? 、? Answer the book? Wait a minute. The title of "Answering Sima's remonstrance" means: a letter to Sima's remonstrance doctor.

2. Wang Anshi, a writer and politician in Song Dynasty. When Wang Anshi was in power, he carried out political reforms. In this political reform, the reformists represented by Wang Anshi fought fiercely with the conservatives represented by Sima Guang. Through this article, we can still appreciate the smoke of angry words at that time.

Pronunciation and spelling

Strange (b? Ng) Difficult people (n? N) Professional grudges (xū) Pan Geng (gēng) Association (w? )

read a text

1, from the text, why did Wang Anshi carry out this political reform?

(people? Accustomed to it? ; Scholar? Don't care about national affairs? 、? Do you look at yourself from a secular perspective? ; Going? Want to change that? . )

2. What happened when the political reform was implemented? What does Sima Guang think is the reason for this situation?

(when the reform was implemented, the world? Blame? ; Everyone? Angry? .

Sima Guang thinks this is Wang Anshi's political reform. Invade officials and make trouble, levy profits and refuse to remonstrate? Caused by it. )

3,? Invade officials and make trouble, levy profits and refuse to remonstrate? What exactly does it mean in the text?

( ? Invade officials and make trouble, levy profits and refuse to remonstrate? In the text, specifically:? On the orders of the master, discuss the statutes and build them in the imperial court to teach their teachers? ; ? Take the former king's administration, promote the advantages and eliminate the disadvantages? ; ? Managing money for the world? ; ? Is it difficult to ward off evil spirits and kill people? . )

Brief analysis of the text

When Wang Anshi was prime minister, in order to restrain the expansion of powerful forces and enhance national strength, with the support of Song Shenzong, he carried out a series of political reform measures, which was strongly opposed by conservative forces. As its representative, Sima Guang wrote to Wang Anshi three times, attacking the political reform and demanding the restoration of the old system. This article is Wang Anshi's reply to Sima Guang and his colleagues.

This article is written in the form of letters to refute. The article lists all kinds of accusations against Sima Guang, and then points out that Sima Guang? Invade officials, make trouble, levy profits, refuse to remonstrate, so that the world complains and slanders? The author refutes the accusation point by point first? On the orders of the master, discuss the statutes and build them in the imperial court so as to give them a division and not invade the officials; Take the former king's administration, promote advantages and eliminate disadvantages, and not make a living; Managing money for the world is not for profit; To ward off evil spirits, it is difficult to refuse people and not to refuse advice? . In this way, it is justified, and? Invade officials and make trouble, levy profits and refuse to remonstrate? , become out of thin air, Sima Guang's argument lost its foundation. Wang Anshi further refuted, but he didn't deny it? Does the world resent it? . He thinks? People get used to it after a long time. Most of the literati don't sympathize with state affairs, so it's good to be self-righteous in front of the public? Point out with logical conclusions? Do you want to change all this? ; List again? Pan Geng's move, professional resentment people also, special court scholar-officials? . In this way, Wang Anshi explained it from two aspects: reality and history? If you complain a lot, you knew it before. ? So? Does the world resent it? Not surprising. This article not only solemnly shows what you have done? Under the orders of the people? And take this opportunity to reiterate yourself? Help the great and promising people of Jersey anoint oil? Make up your mind and never regret it.

homework

1, done? Learning advice? ; Translate the full text sentence by sentence as needed.

2. Learn about Wang Anshi, Sima Guang and Wang Anshi's political reform through the library and the Internet.

Second lesson

Read the text aloud

Crosstalk text

I'm a little angry: I was taught a lesson yesterday, and I secretly thought that I had been friends for a long time. Every discussion was not harmonious and my skills were different.

I said yesterday, thank you. I think we have been friendly with you for a long time, but we often don't get along when discussing political affairs. This is because we take different political views.

Although you want to be strong, you won't be seen in the end, so you will report it a little and stop arguing one by one; Rethinking Meng Jun did see something thick, so it is not appropriate to repeat it rashly. Therefore, there is a way today, and Ji Jun is really tolerant.

Translation: if you insist on understanding, you will definitely not be understood in the end, then simply write back to you and stop defending yourself one by one; I have repeatedly thought that you attach great importance to me, and you should not be hasty in handling (letters), so I will explain the situation in detail now, hoping you may understand me.

Original: Gai Ru's contention is that the name is real, the name is clear, and the world is reasonable.

Scholars argue mainly about the relationship between name and reality. If we understand the relationship between name and reality, then the truth in the world will be clear.

Original: When I saw the teacher today, I thought that I invaded the official, caused trouble, demanded profits, and refused to remonstrate, so that the world complained and slandered.

()

What you want to teach me now is that I overstepped my authority, caused trouble, plundered money and refused to criticize, so I was resented and slandered all over the world.

Original: Some people think that the master ordered them to discuss and revise the statutes in the imperial court, giving them a division, not invading officials; Take the former king's administration, promote advantages and eliminate disadvantages, and not make a living; Managing money for the world is not for profit; To ward off evil spirits, it is difficult to refuse people, not to refuse advice.

I don't think it is ultra vires for the emperor to entrust the formulation of laws and regulations, amend them in the imperial court, and then hand them over to full-time officials for implementation. Carrying out the political affairs carried out by the former king, promoting the advantages and eliminating the disadvantages, can not be called trouble; Cleaning up the country's finances cannot be called changing money; Refuting false remarks and accusing glib people cannot be called refusing criticism.

As for the number of grievances, we knew it before.

As for so much resentment and slander, I have long expected this.

People are used to it for a long time. Scholars are often indifferent to state affairs and kind to others, but in fact they want to change this. If someone doesn't measure the number of enemies and wants to help them fight, what are the people who are not aggressive?

It's not a day when people are used to muddling along. Most scholar-officials take it as their duty not to think about state affairs, go with the flow and please others. The emperor wants to change this situation, but I don't care about the number of opponents. I want to help the emperor against these people, so how can everyone not make a fuss?

Original: Pan Geng's move, people's resentment, not special court scholar-officials; Pan Geng didn't change his degree for the complainer, but he didn't see it before moving, so he can regret it.

Pan Geng moved to the capital, and all the people resented it, not just the literati in the imperial court. Pan Geng changed his plan not because someone resented him, but because the plan was reasonable. There is nothing to regret.

Original: If I am really blamed for being in office for a long time and failing to help the people, then someone knows the crime; For example, today, everything is idle, but what you did before is beyond someone's cognition.

If you blame me for serving for a long time and failing to help the emperor do much to benefit the people, then I admit that I am guilty; If we should do nothing now, but stick to the rules, then I dare not learn.

Meeting for no reason is not just yearning.

I admire the fact that I didn't have the chance to meet each other.

Read the text aloud

The third category

Read the text aloud

Thinking training (choose some discussions according to the students' situation)

1, explain underlined words:

(1) The same is true for many different reasons. (reason) 2 will not be seen in the end. (Be, meaning passive)

(3) So, there is a way now. (Say) 4 Evil spirits say it is difficult to kill people. (rebuttal)

Beyond one's knowledge. (relic)

2. Explain the following polysemous words:

(1) failed to help (as)

Managing money for the world. (replacement)

Not for profit. (Yes)

(2) justified, the world is justified. (indicating the relationship, and)

I thought I had been friends with you for a long time, and every discussion was not harmonious. (However, this marks a turning point.)

3. The following pairs? People are used to it for more than a day? The correct explanation is (b)

A, it is not a day for people to learn to suffer.

B, it's not a day or two for everyone to get used to muddling along.

C, it is not a day or two for people to learn to muddle along.

D, it's not a day since people opposed you.

4. The following pairs? For example, when everything is idle today? The correct explanation is (c)

If we do nothing today,

B, if we have to do everything now.

If you don't do anything now.

D, as you said, you should do nothing now.

5. In the text? I thought I had been your friend for a long time, and every time the proceedings were inconsistent, I did something different? In a word, the argument between Wang Anshi and Sima Guang is not personal, but political differences.

6. Memories in the text? Pan Geng's move? What is the intention of?

Criticizing the customs of the literati at that time with conclusive historical facts shows that many people who opposed it must be wrong. Prove your situation, and? Pan Geng's move? At the same time, so you decided? Don't change the degree for the complainer? , expressed the determination to reform unchanged. )

7. At the end of the article, Wang Anshi said? Does anyone know the crime? . Is this an apology to Sima Guang? Why?

(Wang Anshi said? Does anyone know the crime? This is not an apology to Sima Guang. Does Wang Anshi think he is? Wrong? Are you online? He has been in office for a long time, but he has failed to help the great cause to anoint the people of Jersey. . This shows that Wang Anshi has not only failed to reform? Admit a mistake? On the contrary, I feel that my reform is not firm enough, fast enough and thorough enough. )

8. This article is a rebuttal. What point does the author aim to refute?

What is the rebuttal of this article? Invade officials, make an insurrection, levy profits, and refuse to remonstrate, so that the world complains and slanders. ? )

9. How does the author refute the argument? ()

(For Sima Guang? Invade officials, make trouble, levy profits, refuse to remonstrate, so that the world complains and slanders? The author refutes the accusation point by point first? On the orders of the master, discuss the statutes and build them in the imperial court so as to give them a division and not invade the officials; Take the former king's administration, promote advantages and eliminate disadvantages, and not make a living; Managing money for the world is not for profit; To ward off evil spirits, it is difficult to refuse people and not to refuse advice? . In this way, it is justified, and? Invade officials and make trouble, levy profits and refuse to remonstrate? , become out of thin air, Sima Guang's argument lost its foundation. Wang Anshi further refuted, but he didn't deny it? Does the world resent it? . He thinks? People get used to it after a long time. Most of the literati don't sympathize with state affairs, so it's good to be self-righteous in front of the public? Point out with logical conclusions? Do you want to change all this? ; List again? Pan Geng's move, professional resentment people also, special court scholar-officials? . In this way, Wang Anshi explained it from two aspects: reality and history? If you complain a lot, you knew it before. ? So? Does the world resent it? Not surprising. )

10, facing the grim situation, what is Wang Anshi's attitude towards political reform? Which statements reflect this attitude?

(Wang Anshi insisted on political reform without hesitation. ? Judge before you move, don't you see regret? ; ? For example, today, everything is idle, but what we did before is beyond someone's cognition? Wang Anshi's attitude and other statements are relatively concentrated. )

1 1, world? Blame? , everyone? Angry? What is the real reason?

(the world? Blame? , everyone? Angry? The real reason is that Wang Anshi's new law infringes on the interests of big landlords and bureaucrats. )

homework

1, organize class notes.

2. Preview the "model".

3. Understand the content of the new text and think? Learning advice? .

Teaching postscript