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The Historical Evolution of Zhongshan State
Zhongshan Kingdom is a country established by the people of China. It is embedded in Zhao Yan (located at the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain in central Hebei), and is named after the surrounding mountains in the city. Founded by the son of Duke Huan of the Western Zhou Dynasty, it experienced three stages of development: Rong Di, Xian Yu and Zhongshan. At each stage, it was regarded as a threat to China by the Central Plains countries, and it also went through the stages of prospering, resisting sages by the Jin Dynasty, destroying Zhongshan by Wei, and destroying Zhongshan by Zhao.

The predecessor of Sun Yat-sen Kingdom is the Dixianyu tribe in the north, which is Bai Di. First in Suide area of northern Shaanxi, it gradually moved to Taihang Mountain area.

Xianyu, named after Xianyu Water, is a Qingshui River that flows from the southwest of Wutai Mountain to the Hutuo River. This area is the earliest birthplace of Xianyu. Xianyu's name first appeared in the book Mandarin. It is recorded in the book that in eight years (774 BC), when Tai Shigong answered questions, he said that there were 16 countries with the surname of Ji, six vassal countries with different surnames, and countries or tribal groups in the northwest, such as Naman, Dongyi and Rongdi, among which there were some hidden dangers.

Zhongshan culture is mainly distributed in the mountainous areas around Shijiazhuang, Lingshou, Pingshan and Jinzhou, with Lingshou as its capital (near Shangsanji Township, Pingshan County, Hebei Province). Among the unearthed cultural relics are a bronze pot with two ears, a flat square pot, a bronze dagger, a gold wrist ornament with an animal head, and a tiger-shaped plaque inlaid with turquoise, which fully reflects the cultural exchange and influence between the nomadic culture in the north and China countries. In the middle and late Spring and Autumn Period, the main enemy of the virtuous and foolish was the state of Jin, and they adopted the strategy of eating the drum, fat, hatred and other countries first, and finally destroying the virtuous and foolish. In 530 BC, Xun Wujin, a general of the State of Jin, entered Xiyang, the drum capital (now Jinxian County, Hebei Province), but did not extinguish the drum. In August of that year, Jin destroyed Fei (in Gaocheng County, Hebei Province), captured Miangao, the monarch, and Fei returned to Jin. The following winter, Duke Zhao of Jin learned that Xian Di's border was empty, and even Xunwu led a great army to attack Xian Di's middleman city (now Qiaoling in the northwest of Tangxian County, Hebei Province). In the autumn of 527 BC, Xunwu led an army to attack the drum, captured the monarch July, and made the drum a vassal state of Jin. Six years later, the drum was completely destroyed.

In the autumn of 507 BC, Xianyu sent troops, Jin defeated the Jin army, captured the Golden Warrior and watched the tiger, and took revenge for killing fertilizer and beating drums to occupy the city.

In 506 BC, Xianyu people were founded in a Wei Cheng (now Sushan, northwest of Tangxian County, Hebei Province). Because there are mountains in China, it is called "Zhongshan". This is the early Sun Yat-sen country, and the name of Sun Yat-sen country began to appear in history books. According to Zuo Zhuan, in the spring of 506 BC, the State of Jin rejected Cai Hou's request to attack Chu and prepared to concentrate on attacking Zhongshan. In 505 and 504 BC, the State of Jin attacked Zhongshan in Xianyu twice to avenge the capture of the tiger. Since then, the country of Sun Yat-sen in Xianyu has been called "Xianyu" and "Zhongshan" in history books.

In 497 BC, after the infighting of the Jin State, Zhongshan got a break from the heavy pressure of the Jin State and began to intervene in disputes among countries.

In 494 BC, Zhongshan joined forces with Qi, Lu and Wei to conquer Jin, and obtained the spine of Jin (in present-day Zhao County, Hebei Province), which was incorporated into the territory of Zhongshan. 49 1 years ago, Yin Xun, a doctor of the Jin Dynasty, fled to Zhongshan in Xianyu because of civil strife in the Jin Dynasty. Yin Xun was originally Zhongshan's sworn enemy, but at this time, in order to weaken the state of Jin, Zhongshan accepted Yin to find the newly occupied white people (now west of Longyao County, Hebei Province). In order to retaliate against Zhongshan, in the spring of 489 BC, Zhao Yang, a doctor of the Jin Dynasty, "cut down the virtuous and foolish" and broke Zhongshan. The attack dealt a heavy blow to Sun Yat-sen's country, so that there was no record of Sun Yat-sen's country in the history books for more than 20 years.

Later, the state of Jin pointed the finger at the last enemy of Sun Yat-sen's country. Zhi Bo of the State of Jin (named Xun Yao) was full of tricks. He was afraid that the enemy would find it difficult to walk on the national road, so he cast a new clock and pretended to give it to the enemy's monarch, so that the enemy could "cut the dike and choke the flow" to welcome the clock. Qiu, Xiang Zhangman, saw through the trick of Xun Yao and persuaded the monarch many times, but the monarch was eager for revenge and refused to listen to him. Seven days later, revenge was destroyed.

After the periphery was cleared, the state of Jin began to attack the interior of Zhongshan. From 459 to 457 BC, "Xun Yao cut down Zhongshan and took the hill of poor fish" (in Yixian County, Hebei Province today). In the first 457 years, Jin sent newcomers to cut down Zhongshan, went straight into the hinterland of Zhongshan, occupied Zuoren and (in present-day Tangxian County, Hebei Province), and "two cities in one day" dealt a fatal blow to Zhongshan. In 453 BC, Han, Zhao and Wei were divided into Jin, and the State of Jin existed in name only. In the first 403 years, Zhao, Han and Wei were made princes, forming a situation in which Qin, Qi, Chu, Yan, Zhao, Han and Wei competed for hegemony. In this turbulent era, Sun Yat-sen began to revive.

4 14 years ago, Wu Gong of Zhongshan left the mountainous area and moved to the eastern plain to establish a new capital in Gu (now Dingzhou City, Hebei Province). Duke Wu imitated the etiquette system of Huaxia, established the political and military system of Zhongshan, and initially governed the country. But Wu Gong died soon, young and ignorant, and was attacked by the State of Jin. Wei Wenhou sent Yang Le and Wuqi to command the army. After three years of hard struggle, Zhongshan was occupied in the first 407 years, and Wei Wenhou sent a prince to attack Zhongshan Jun. Three years later, he sent his youngest son, who was appointed Wei. The remnants of Zhongshan State retreated into Taihang Mountain. After the destruction of Zhongshan, Duke Huan worked hard for more than 20 years and accumulated strength. Finally, around 380 BC, Zhongshan was revived and its capital was Lingshou (now near Shan Zhi, Pingshan, Hebei).

After the revival, Zhongshan State was located in the northeast of Zhao State, which separated the north and south of Zhao State, so it became the confidant of Zhao State. Zhao attacked Zhongshan twice in 377 BC and 376 BC, but both were resisted by Zhongshan and failed. Since then, Zhongshan began to build the Great Wall. Historical Records Zhao records: "In the sixth year of Zhao Chenghou (369 BC), the Great Wall was built in Zhongshan." Archaeologists discovered the Great Wall of Zhongshan in the Warring States Period in Shunping and Tangxian. The Great Wall is about 3 meters high and 0.5-2.5 meters wide. The method is to dig the foundation on both sides, make masonry blocks as side walls, and fill the middle with soil and gravel. According to experts' speculation, the Great Wall of Zhongshan may be in the northwest of Zhongshan, along the Taihang Mountain in the southwest of Tangxian, Quyang, Xingtang, Lingshou, Pingshan and Shijiazhuang, and end in the northwest of Xingtai. In 296 BC, Zhao destroyed Zhongshan State and moved it to pumice. Zhongshan State was founded at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, and it was declared extinct more than 350 years later.