First of all, people have three urgent needs.

Since ancient times, there has been a proverb that "people have three urgency, but the toilet is big", in which "three urgency" refers to impatience, urgency (such as a wife giving birth to a child) and inner anxiety (going to the toilet). Before domestic troubles and foreign invasion, most proverbs came from the life experience of the general public. That is to say, in the eyes of the ancients, in most cases, going to the toilet is more urgent than the urgent matter at hand and the birth of a wife and children. It can be seen that toilets played a very important role in the lives of the ancients.

In fact, the toilet is one of the things that all living things have to face. Unlike other creatures, people think more about it than other creatures. The trilogy of "looking for a pit, squatting, cleaning, cleaning" has remained unchanged since seeing the event of releasing the big hand. In fact, it has evolved with the progress of mankind.

Second, the oldest toilet.

According to the research of modern archaeologists on the banpo village clan site in Xi 'an, the oldest toilet appeared 5,000 years ago, which was a small pit next to the house. Although simple, the ancients in the clan era no longer defecated everywhere, but specially opened up the physical space for handling toilets.

Judging from the life experience of modern people, cats and dogs can also dig holes for change, similar to the behavior of the ancients in the clan era, but that sentence is that human beings are more powerful than other creatures in their ability to transform the environment more flexibly, rather than pursuing their own evolution.

Back to the original bathroom, the problem of urinating everywhere was solved, but the ancient people were embarrassed to build the pit in the open air on the roadside. As time goes on, people come and go.

Mozi believes that people's feelings appeared in the national era, and the specified building specification is "the height of the fence is greater than 12 feet". Tungsten is a toilet, and the toilet and pigsty also formed a whole in the Han Dynasty. Wall, 12 feet, about 2.7 meters high, with a toilet-like mud pit in the wall, the prototype of modern field room.

Third, toilets and toilets.

The following are two ancient toilet words that modern people are familiar with when watching TV dramas, "toilet" and "toilet fundraising". Many people know these two words, but they don't know how they came from.

"Toilet" first appeared in letters and was invented under the inspiration of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang. Liu Bang's character is famous for its shallowness and boldness in history. Once at a meeting in the imperial court, Liu Bang was tired of the lengthy meeting. He sat on the suspect and kept shaking his feet. He soon became anxious, but the meeting continued and the ministers continued to state their views. Finally, breasts really can't stand it. Pointing to the hat of the great god behind, I said that your hat has a good shape. Take it off and let me go. At that time, the minister was green in the face, but when everyone knew about it, powerful people imitated it and made copper urinals.

On the contrary, "toilet donation" appeared in history as a clean excretory residue (similar to the early toilet paper substitute), and toilet donation is a simple tool as its name suggests. Its material is usually bamboo or bark, about 15cm long. The use method is to use one end after each toilet, and then wipe it with the other end. After that, put on your clothes, wash them with clean water and use them next time.

Donating toilets has the advantages of economy and long life, but it has two disadvantages in the long run. On the one hand, it is small and easy to lose, on the other hand, it is hard. Some materials will grow hairy after being used for a long time, and they will tear the skin if they are not careful, and they are full of dirt all the year round, which is easy to produce bacteria and the wound is easy to be infected. Therefore, in order to pursue the smooth fundraising for the bathroom, according to the book of Southern Tang Dynasty, Hou Ying personally made bamboo with excellent bamboo, and then used balls to test whether the bamboo was smooth.

Fourth, the progress of the elite.

Judging from the history of the evolution from ancient toilets to modern toilets, it is the power of the authorities that really promotes the development behind.

The situation of the bathroom is that the records in Shi Shuo Xin Yu and other books show that in the westward era, the bathroom of the rich Shi Zhongjia was simply a paradise on earth. Let's take a look at the layout: from the decoration point of view, the bathroom is as big as a garden, surrounded by Long Hua Gun, and famous calligraphy and painting are hung on the wall. People who don't know think they have entered the art exhibition hall. In addition, from the service personnel's point of view, there are maids with delicate faces and well-dressed clothes to serve beside them, and people who clean spices will prepare clean clothes for people to change after going to the toilet.

Finally, the bathroom appliance itself. There is a wooden grille with feathers under the feces. Once the weight falls, the wooden grille will automatically turn over, and the weight will be covered with turned feathers to cover up the stench. Looking at cleaning tools, the paper-making technology in the Eastern Han Dynasty was improved by Cai Lun, but the paper became softer and less rough. However, paper is the carrier of knowledge and culture, and it is regarded as an inviolable sacred thing by the society, and it has not appeared as a cleaning tool for the time being. In order to avoid the risk of toilet loss and burr damage, some powerful people decided to use silk scarves, horse faces and other fabrics to clean it. In ancient China, materials such as silk and cotton were very expensive. Ordinary people can't even wear cotton and linen easily, let alone a kennel.

Five, the emergence of toilet paper.

The actual appearance of toilet paper was in the Yuan Dynasty. According to Yuan Shi, a hugging daughter-in-law respects her in-laws. Whenever the in-laws are respectful, the daughter-in-law should bring her face and soft paper in advance to wipe her in-laws' ass. In the late Ming dynasty, the pale yellow, 3-foot-square palace looked like toilet paper. In the late Qing dynasty, according to the records of Qing history, the land in the palace was further improved, and the ladies-in-waiting sprinkled water on it and then treated it with hot iron to make it soft and delicate.

Sixth, the evolution behind it.

Judging from the historical development of ancient toilets, the oldest toilets appeared, and human beings realized their different needs for space and needed shelter from the wind, so they had houses, places that needed special drainage, toilets, places that needed relaxation and entertainment, bars, fire lines and theaters. This fully shows that people will constantly promote the change and utilization of the surrounding environment with the change of demand, and history will also change in this relationship between people and the environment.

The difference between the general public and the toilet that pursues rule is essentially the different degree of material demand behind the gap between the rich and the poor. After solving the basic toilet problem, the general public never thought about replacing the toilet with kennel cotton and linen. You won't feel tired sitting in the toilet. I hope to sit down and laugh, and the ruling class will continue to pursue comfort and quality. Therefore, from a historical perspective, we can see that the relationship between the gap between the rich and the poor and the material needs has been hidden in every corner of history.