1, Guam
Guam (the territory of gua Han/ Guam) is located at the southernmost tip of Mariana Islands in the western Pacific Ocean. It is an "unincorporated territory" of the United States, with an area of 549 square kilometers and a population of 65,438+078,000 (2065,438+00), and its capital is Algana.
Guam was successively occupied by Spain, Japan and the United States, and now it is an overseas territory of the United States. It is an unconstitutional territory of the United States. The indigenous people on the island are Chamorros, who settled here about 3500 years ago.
The area of the US military base is about the whole island 1/3. Guam is called "paradise of freedom" because of its rich fun and beautiful scenery.
20 17 17 On February 5th, the European Union announced that Guam was blacklisted as a tax haven.
2. History
152 1 year, the indigenous Chamorro people in Guam discovered the navigator Magellan, and Magellan's expedition left for Spain after staying on the island for several months. However, when passing through the Philippine Islands, the expedition clashed with the indigenous people on the island, and Magellan was injured and died. Guam has been occupied by Spain since 1565. The Spanish people returned to the Chamorro people in Guam. They saved their lives and gave them materials-300 years of Spanish occupation and rule. In the following year 100, Americans and Japanese fought for it. The United States seized Guam from Spain in the Spanish-American War of 1898.
In World War II, Guam was once the seat of the US Pacific Fleet Command. 194 1 12 was occupied by the Japanese army, and 1944 was occupied by the American army. After the war, the US Admiralty rebuilt the Guam military base. 1950, the United States declared Guam as its "unincorporated territory", and now it has built the largest naval and air base of the United States in the western Pacific, with various military facilities accounting for about 1/3 of the island area. There are mainly apra Nuclear Submarine Base, Algana Naval Air Station and Anderson Strategic Air Force Base.
1950, the United States passed a bill to declare the island an "unincorporated territory" of the United States, and gave the Guam self-government local power and placed it under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of the Interior. Guam base has always occupied a very important position in the US military base system in the western Pacific. During the Korean War and Vietnam War, Guam, as an important strategic base of sea and air, played an important role in assembling troops, transporting ammunition and supporting long-range bombing. After the end of the Cold War, due to major changes in the international strategic pattern, the US military did not invest in repairing Guam's base facilities for several years. Blair, former commander of the US Pacific Command, has repeatedly criticized Guam's base facilities for being too old. The oil storage facilities have been used for more than 50 years and must be rebuilt.
3. Geography
Guam is an island at the southern tip of the Mariana Islands in the Pacific Ocean, with latitude13 26' north and longitude144 43' east. It covers an area of 549 square kilometers. Population 158000(2002), Chamorro people account for the vast majority. Algana, the capital, is located in the west of the island. It belongs to tropical monsoon climate, with stable temperature, annual average temperature of 26 ~ 27℃, annual precipitation of more than 2000 mm, calm bay and few typhoons. The terrain is high in the south and low in the north, and the lightning mountain in the southwest is the highest peak. The mountain base goes deep into the deepest trench, and the land elevation is 407 meters.
It is 48 kilometers long from north to south, 6 ~ 13 kilometers wide and covers an area of 549 square kilometers. Located 5,863 kilometers east of Honolulu, Lu Lu badminton, it is the liaison station of the United States, Japan and the Philippines, and has an important strategic position in controlling air and sea traffic in the western Pacific. Chamorros living in Guam.
Guam is a small island in the United States. Although its reputation is far from overshadowing Hawaii, it is a beautiful island known as "Bali, a romantic competition, and its value is better than Phuket". It has dozens of beautiful seascape churches with different styles. Guam's geographical scenery is colorful, with blue sea and white sand, mountains and forests and coral terraces in rivers and caves. The infrastructure is Americanized and the hardware facilities are modernized and improved. Guam is dominated by tourism, and there is no industrial pollution and fishery destruction. Natural coral reefs block the waves in the open sea and form a calm shoal of hundreds of meters. The unique natural conditions and acquired protection make Tumon Beach in Guam a marine reserve full of colorful underwater creatures. History lovers can go to beaches, battlefields, museums and monuments to touch the traces of history, and they can also see the unique Latite stone, Spanish relics and war relics in Guam. Ashantan was the main battlefield of the American army in 1944. Climbing the highest peak, Lightning Mountain, you can see the vast Pacific Ocean. There is an almost black waterway in the blue sea, which is the deepest Mariana Trench.