So that most car companies in the world can't produce electric cars without CATL.
SNE research shows that the global battery consumption of battery electric vehicles is increasing explosively, with 1 18GWh in 20 19, 142.8GWh in 2020, 296.8GWh in 2026 and 5/kloc-0 in 2022. It is estimated that the battery consumption will be about 749GWh in 2023. In the same period, the sales of electric vehicles were 6.5438+0.775828 million, 2.22356 million, 4.77438+0.700 million and 8.02555 million respectively.
Based on the performance in 2022, the share of enterprises is higher: China CATL Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. is 270GWh, accounting for 39. 1%, followed by LG Energy Solutions 103GWh, accounting for 13.6%, BYD is 84GWh and Panasonic is 49GWh, accounting for 7.3%. From a country perspective, China enterprises account for 60.4%, South Korea 23.7%, Japan 7.3% and others 8.6%.
It is worth noting that China enterprises including CATL and BYD are experiencing explosive growth.
China market gives contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. a chance to rise.
China Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. is the largest battery enterprise in the world, but its history is short. Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. was established in 1999. Until 20 10, it was still a little-known mobile phone battery enterprise. However, after the lithium-ion battery of 20 1 1 battery electric vehicle was put into production, the situation changed. In 20 16, the annual export volume of batteries reached 6.8GWh, making CATL the third largest battery supplier of electric vehicles in the world after BYD and Panasonic. The rapid growth in such a short period of time should be attributed to the policies of the China government.
In China, if you want to get subsidies for new energy vehicles from 20 10, you must use batteries purchased from enterprises certified by the China government. During this period, there are no overseas enterprises among the certified enterprises.
Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. was fortunate to provide batteries for BMW on 20 15. Production is small, and sales are also small. In contrast, he took advantage of the opportunity to provide batteries to BMW and devoted himself to technology development.
In addition, before the beginning of 20 16, China government excluded LG Chem and Samsung SDI, the major domestic battery suppliers, from the supplier list. Although the South Korean government did not explain the specific reasons, it is generally believed that the issue of Sadr has a political background.
Therefore, this policy laid the foundation for the rapid development of Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd., and invested 65,438+00 trillion yuan to build a battery factory. As a result, in 20 17, Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. surpassed Panasonic and LG Chem and became the largest battery enterprise in the world.
CATL expanded its scale from 20 18, giving priority to SAIC, with the output of 7.5GWh, and 20 19 surged to 2 1.3 1GWh.
Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. is accelerating the process of globalization.
The battery suppliers of Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. include European companies such as Volkswagen, BMW, Daimler, Volvo, PSA Group and Renault, as well as China's SAIC, BAIC Group, Geely Automobile, Dongfeng Motor, GAC, Weilai and Japanese Toyota, Nissan and Honda. At the beginning of 2020, Honda cooperated with Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Ltd., and Mercedes-Benz announced the expansion of battery technology cooperation and established a joint venture with Weilai to promote battery replacement. In 20021year, a four-year battery supply contract was signed with Tesla, and lithium iron phosphate batteries were delivered in 2022. Now, almost all automobile manufacturers in the world rely on the batteries of Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd..
According to this market situation, Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. began to invest overseas. 20 19 years investment1800 million euros to expand the European production R&D center. Used for research, development and testing of lithium ion battery production and products. The project is located in Thuringia, Germany, with an investment of 240 million euros in 20 18 years, which took more than 60 months. The first overseas production facility of Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. was completed in 20021and started construction in 8GWh. In 2022, the capacity will be 14GW, and the long-term plan is to increase it to 24GWH.
202 1 also reported that in order to provide batteries for Hyundai motor, a production base is being established in Korea. This is the fifth overseas facility of Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. after Japan, Germany, the United States and France, aiming at providing ternary batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries.
Moreover, in early 2022, before IRA was announced in the United States, he also announced an annual 80 GWh American factory construction plan. In the end, the plan fell through. Instead, we used CATL technology to build a battery factory in the United States with Ford and Tesla. At the beginning, Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. also considered building at least two factories in Mexico to provide batteries for Ford and Tesla.
In April of the same year, Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. plans to jointly invest with its partner PT Aneka Tambang Tbk to build a power battery industrial chain project. , (ANTAM) and PT Industri Baterai Indonesia(IBI) are located in FHT Industrial Park in East Hamahira County, North Maluku Province, Indonesia and other related industrial parks in Indonesia, with a scale of 5.97 billion US dollars. According to the contract, the three companies have become partners in nickel mining and processing, battery materials, battery manufacturing and battery recycling.
In August, it was announced to build another battery factory in Debrecen, Hungary. This is the second factory in Europe after Herfort in Germany, which aims to provide battery cells for Mercedes-Benz in Germany and Hungary. The investment of 7.34 billion euros is closer to the factories of Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Stratis and Volkswagen, and it is also considered to better meet the battery demand in the European market. In addition, as one of the efforts to reduce the carbon footprint of battery manufacturing, CATL will use renewable energy to generate electricity and consider developing solar power with partners.
In this regard, Mercedes-Benz also announced that the new CATL plant in Debrecen, Hungary will supply battery cells to European production plants in Germany and Hungary. Mercedes-Benz used CATL batteries imported from China in EQS and EQE.
The goal is to reach 40% in the global market share.
China's equipment is also increasing. In 2020, it was announced that it would invest 39 billion yuan ($5.9 billion) to build three battery factories in China. Invested 654.38+07 billion yuan to build a lithium-ion battery base in Ningde, Fujian, another 654.38+02 billion yuan to build a factory in Liyang, Jiangsu, and the remaining 654.38+00 billion yuan to expand the power battery factory in Sichuan. In 2020, CATL's investment will reach 73 billion yuan.
Shanghai, where the Tesla factory is located, is also building a new battery factory for electric vehicles. The new factory is expected to achieve an annual output of 80 GWh batteries.
In August, 20021,in order to expand production and research, 58.2 billion yuan (about 8.99 billion US dollars) of private investment was used to raise funds. 232.9078 billion shares were issued to investors through Shenzhen Stock Exchange (accounting for 65.438+00% of the total shares before issuance). Most of this investment goes to five lithium-ion battery production facilities.
In September, it was announced that global battery shipments are expected to enter the TWh era in the next few years, and it is planned to invest more than 654.38 billion yuan to build a battery production base in Central China. The total investment of the project is as high as RMB 654.38+0.4 billion (USD 654.38+0.9 billion).
65438+February, the foundation stone laying ceremony was held for the largest lithium battery factory near Ningde, Fujian. After completion, the production capacity is 120 gwh/ year, and the production capacity of the first phase is 60GWh/year. The total investment is 7 billion RMB (about 1 1 billion USD).
This factory is the largest single project of CATL. Only this battery factory, 202 1 years ago and1months ago, the total installed capacity of all battery manufacturers in China reached 128.3 GWh, the same as in the past.
Super battery, sodium ion battery
CATL is still trying to develop technology. Mass production of new super batteries can be realized in 2020. CATL once said that in the life of 16, a super battery with a cruising range of 2 million kilometers was developed. CATL's super battery can be mass-produced, and the cost will be lower than the current battery 10%.
Plans to commercialize CTC (Battery to Chassis) technology for integrating battery units into vehicle chassis by 2030 are also under way. If the battery and vehicle system are integrated through CTC technology, the space utilization rate and vehicle power utilization rate will also be improved. In addition, reducing the number of parts helps to reduce costs.
The development of new batteries without nickel and cobalt is also noticeable. Nickel and cobalt are the core components of batteries, and many battery companies are reducing the use of high-priced cobalt.
In July, 20021,it announced one of the first sodium ion batteries in the world. The first sodium ion battery has the highest energy density in the world 160Wh/kg. It can charge 80% at room temperature 15 minutes, and the discharge maintenance rate is above 90% at the temperature below -20℃.
The working principle of sodium ion battery is similar to that of lithium ion battery. Although sodium ion shuttles back and forth between cathode and anode, compared with lithium ion, sodium ion is larger in volume and requires higher structural stability and material movement characteristics. This has always been a stumbling block to the industrialization of sodium ion batteries.
For many years, CATL has been committed to the research and development of electrode materials for sodium ion batteries. In the aspect of cathode material, CATL adopts Prussian white material with high cost, rearranges electrons and redesigns the main structure of the material, which solves the worldwide problem that the capacity drops sharply when the material is recycled. It is reported that CATL has developed a light carbon material with unique porous structure, rich sodium ion storage and rapid movement, and excellent cycle performance.
Based on a series of innovations in the chemical system, CATL's first generation sodium ion battery shows the characteristics of high energy density, fast charging function, excellent thermal stability, excellent low temperature performance and high integration efficiency.
In order to realize its vision, CATL has made continuous efforts in three strategic development directions. The first development direction is to replace fixed fossil energy with renewable energy for power generation and energy storage. The second is to replace fossil energy with electric vehicle batteries to accelerate the development of electric vehicles. The third is to promote the integrated innovation of electrification and smart market response, thus accelerating the application and promotion of new energy in different fields. It is reported that in order to support the sustainable development of these three development directions, CATL has built four pillar innovation systems. The energy density development goal of the new generation sodium ion battery is set at 200Wh/kg.
In terms of battery system innovation, CATL developed the AB battery system solution, which mixed sodium ion batteries and lithium ion batteries in a certain proportion and integrated them into a battery system. This is to control a variety of battery systems through BMS precise algorithm. AB battery system scheme can make up for the shortage of energy density of sodium ion battery at present and expand the advantages of high power and low temperature performance. Due to this innovative structural system, the application scenarios of lithium-sodium battery system will be expanded. CATL has started the industrial layout of sodium ion batteries, and plans to form a basic industrial chain by 2023.
The only remaining main problem is to improve the production capacity, and the raw material supply system for sodium ion batteries is being prepared.
The battery assembled with Kirin battery began to be put into practical use.
In March 2022, the third generation of Cell to Pack battery technology was released. The Cell to Pack technology of "Kirin Battery" has the same battery chemistry and battery size, which is higher than 4680 13%. The advantages are that there are no modules and too many cables, and the assembly is easy, fast and cheap.
CATL's TCP Kirin battery will be installed on Geely Automobile's Krypton brand for the first time in the second quarter of 2023.
In addition, Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. and BMW also signed a new agreement to provide cylindrical battery packs for electric vehicles using BMW Neue Klasse (Germany) platform. The standard diameter of the battery is 46 mm, and it is produced in two future battery factories, China and CATL in Europe, which are dedicated to BMW Group, with an annual production capacity of up to 20 GWh. The sixth generation of BMW eDrive technology driven by CATL's new unit will be used in new models, which will achieve a leap in electric vehicle technology in terms of energy density, charging speed and mileage.
CATL plans to expand the capacity of LFP CTP battery from 6.5GWh in 20 17 to 60GWh in 2025, an increase of 9.2 times. Although LFP CTP has recognized the battery development competitiveness of CATL, the main battery of CATL is still NCM. In fact, in CATL's own production capacity, the proportion of LFP CTP batteries will reach 36% in 2020 and will drop to 16% in 2025.
SNE Research Company, a professional market research institution for batteries, predicts that the global demand for electric vehicles will increase by 33% every year from 2.32 million vehicles in 20 19, and will expand to about 55.68 million vehicles in 2030. The demand for electric vehicle batteries is also increasing. The demand for 20 19 1 18GWh will increase at an average annual rate of 37%, and it is expected to reach 3647GWh in 2030.
At present, analysts and consulting companies predict that the battery market of electric vehicles will affect the future pattern of electric vehicles. Due to the change of geopolitical conditions, the procurement of major minerals and raw materials may not go smoothly. However, enterprises in China, which have an absolute advantage in the supply of rare earth minerals, are the most advantageous.
This article comes from Zheng Yi, the author of Che Yi, and the copyright belongs to the author. Please contact the author for any form of reprint. The content only represents the author's point of view and has nothing to do with the car reform.