1. 1840, Britain flagrantly launched a war of aggression on the pretext of destroying opium in Humen because of its trade deficit.

2. 1895, Kang Youwei wrote to Emperor Guangxu, suggesting political reform. It marks the transformation of the Reform Movement from a social ideological trend to a political movement of patriotism and saving the country.

3. Oppose Yuan Shikai's restoration of monarchy and safeguard the bourgeois democratic movement in the Republic of China.

4. Ideological emancipation movement

5.1On August 7th, 927, the Central Committee of China held a secret meeting in Hankou.