Before discussing the relationship between historical facts and theoretical perspectives, we have to clarify some basic concepts: what is "history"? People usually think that history refers to the sum of the facts that have happened; What is a "historical fact"? Historical facts refer to what really happened in history; What is "historical materials (or historical materials)"? Historical materials (or historical materials) are traces or records left by things that have happened in history, which are embodied in different historical sites such as words, images, utensils, costumes, buildings and systems; What is a "theoretical perspective"? Theoretical perspective refers to the special perspective of observing and thinking in the theory accepted by historians consciously or unconsciously.

Some historians are often confident in the following points: they only respect historical facts and will never accept any kind of historical theory easily, let alone any kind of philosophical theory easily. Some historical researchers even think that historical research only needs to learn the methods of the Ganjia School in Qing Dynasty and adopt a realistic attitude. The so-called "seeking truth from facts" is to explore regularity from historical facts or facts. In all fairness, these historians' spirit of respecting facts and not empty talk is worth learning. However, they should also be soberly aware that it is not as easy as they think to truly respect facts and seek truth from facts.