1. The Revolution of 1911 overthrew the feudal autocratic monarchy system for more than two thousand years and established the bourgeois democratic republic. 2. The Revolution of 1911 overthrew the decadent rule of the Qing court and dealt a heavy blow to the foreign capitalist forces that invaded China. 3. The Revolution of 1911 promoted the development of national capitalism to some extent. After the founding of the Republic of China, there was an upsurge of establishing enterprises in China. In just a few years, the strength of capitalist economy has grown rapidly. 4. The Revolution of 1911 liberated people's spirit and thoughts unprecedentedly, and democratic thoughts were widely spread. The Revolution of 1911 was a revolutionary movement that broke out in colonial countries in the first half of the 20th century. It disrupted the colonial rule in Asia and had a great influence on the national liberation movements in Asian countries.
There are also profound reasons for the failure of the Revolution of 1911: feudalism greatly surpassed revolutionaries in military strength, political experience and social foundation, which is the objective reason for its failure; The political weakness and compromise of bourgeois revolutionaries are the subjective reasons for the failure of the revolution. Its specific performance is:
1. The revolutionaries did not have a clear and thorough anti-imperialist and anti-feudal program. The League fought against the Manchu Dynasty and the imperial system, but spared the main enemy, so after the abdication of the Qing emperor, it lost its goal of progress. They dare not confront foreign capitalism head-on, and fantasize about gaining sympathy and support from foreign capitalism through compromise and concession. As a result, the revolution was stifled by foreign capitalism. They only paid attention to the establishment of the "Republican" regime, but did not realize that they must oppose the feudal landlord class. As a result, Yuan Shikai usurped the fruits of the revolution.
2. The revolutionaries did not form a unified and strong leadership core. Since its establishment, China League has lacked unified ideological beliefs and weak organizational strength. Such a party cannot lead the revolution to victory.
3. The Revolution of 1911 didn't touch the economic foundation of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, so it couldn't fully mobilize and rely on the masses, especially the peasants. They used communist party and the new army, but they didn't mobilize the peasants. At the height of the revolution, they even suppressed the peasants' anti-feudal struggle.
The revolutionaries did not build their own revolutionary armed forces to overthrow the old government and defend the new regime. They rely on Qing soldiers and secret anti-Qing parties. After Wuchang Uprising, most of the people's armies established in various places were adapted from the original old army and communist party, and the leadership was also in the hands of constitutionalists and old bureaucrats.
The above weaknesses of bourgeois revolutionaries are determined by the weaknesses and compromises of their classes. China's national bourgeoisie, oppressed by foreign powers and bound by feudalism at home, has revolutionary demands against foreign capitalism and feudalism, but it is inextricably linked with foreign capitalism and feudalism, and is extremely weak economically and politically. They fantasized about gaining national independence without opposing foreign capitalist aggression and establishing democratic politics without overthrowing the feudal land system, which determined that the Revolution of 1911 was bound to fail.
The failure of the Revolution of 1911 left two most important lessons for the China Revolution: 1. It is impossible for the national bourgeoisie in China to completely overthrow the reactionary rule and feudal system of foreign powers and lead the China revolution to victory. 2. Semi-colonial and semi-feudal China can't go back to the old way of the West, and the bourgeois republic's plan of saving the nation won't work in China.