Hubei Province is located in the east of China and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Hubei is named because it is located in the north of Dongting Lake. In ancient times, it was under the jurisdiction of Ezhou, so it was called Hubei for short. It covers an area of 6.5438+0.8 million square kilometers and a population of 50.58 million. Hubei has a long history. The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period belonged to Chu, Qin to Nanjun and Hanzhong, Han to Jing, Yang and Yizhou, Tang to Shannan East, Jiangnan West, Huainan and Guizhou Middle, Song to Jinghu North Road and Jingxi South Road, Yuan to Henan Province (some areas north of the Yangtze River) and Huguang Province, Ming to Huguang Bureau, and the provincial people's government was stationed in Wuhan in the third year of Qing Kangxi (AD 1664).
Lakes in Hubei Province have the characteristics of dense patch distribution, most of which are concentrated in the magnanimous Jianghan Plain, like pearls embedded in criss-crossing water networks, collectively known as Jianghan Lake Group. These lakes are an important part of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and one of the famous freshwater aquaculture bases in China. Most lakes in the province are shallow and wide, with thick sediment at the bottom. Generally, the water depth is only1~ 2m, and the deepest point is only 3 ~ 5m. The deepest part of Liangzi Lake is less than 5 meters, and the deepest part of Honghu Lake is only about 3.5 meters. The depth of many small and medium-sized lakes is only about 1 meter. Due to years of natural siltation and artificial reclamation, the number and water area of lakes have decreased sharply. Now there are more than 500 lakes in the province, and the water area has been reduced to three quarters. There are 2 1 large lakes in China, and the water area exceeds 100 square kilometers, including Honghu, the hometown of Hong Hushui prodigal son, Liangzi Lake, the "pearl" East Lake in Wuhan, and famous lakes such as Diaocha Lake, Datong Lake, Dasha Lake and Changhu Lake. Honghu Lake is the largest, with an area of 354.6 square kilometers. The name of Honghu Lake was first recorded in Mianyang, Jiaqing, Ming Dynasty: "The upper Honghu Lake is twenty miles southeast of Mianyang, and the other ten miles is the lower Honghu Lake". At that time, there was a 5-kilometer-wide embankment between the upper and lower Honghu Lake, separated by a river network, which was later in the Chenghua period (AD 1465 ~ 65438+). 195 1 Honghu county, named after the largest lake in China. There are both the origin of Bali Honghu Lake and the commemoration of the red base area.
There are so many lakes in Hubei, mainly because it was once a part of the vast ancient cloud dream. Later, the sediment carried by the Yangtze River and its main tributary, the Han River, continued to accumulate, the land expanded, the water area narrowed, and it was divided into thousands of lakes. The winding Yangtze River, naturally bent and straightened, has formed many long and narrow lakes. There are many lakes formed by the long-term action of rivers; Many inner lakes are the products of human economic activities. These lakes not only provide conditions for aquaculture, but also play a certain role in transforming the environment and maintaining ecological balance.