Dongyuan was renamed "Zhending" by Liu Bang in the 11th year of Han Dynasty (BC 196), so Taishigong said that he was "Zhending" in Historical Records. (1) In 22 BC1year, Qin unified China, abolished the feudal system and implemented the county system. "The county was stationed, guarded and supervised."
(See Historical Records, Volume 6, Biography of Qin Shihuang) In 2 14 BC, Qin established Guilin, Nanhai and. Zhao Tuo served as county magistrate in Longchuan County under Nanhai County.
At the end of Qin Dynasty, there was chaos in China. Ren Tao, the captain of the South China Sea who was seriously ill, called Zhao Ta to the bed and spoke his mind.
Ren Tao thought that this war was caused by "Qin Wei had no way out", so he would not fight the heroes who fought against Qin. Now, China is in turmoil, and I don't know when it will be peaceful.
So he wants to take his own troops and wait for the situation to change. Moreover, Nanhai County has a good geographical position, and "there are quite a few people in China who can complement each other", so it is possible to establish a country.
Ren Tao knew that he was going to die soon, and "the county officials didn't have enough words", so he told his most valued Zhao Tuo his thoughts and authorized him to be a police officer. (See Historical Records Biography of South Vietnam 1 13) Nanhai Wei is the highest military and political chief of Nanhai County.
I think Zhao Tuo will appreciate Ren Tao's life. After Ren Tao's death, Zhao Tuo became a full member of the South China Sea, so Zhao Tuo is also called "Wei Tuo".
According to Ren Tao's train of thought, Zhao Tuo "gathers troops to defend itself". "Because of the slight punishment for the long officials set up by Qin, they took the party as a false guard." Finally, they completely controlled Nanhai County.
After Qin's death, Zhao Tuo immediately sent troops to annex Guilin and. In 203 BC, Zhao Tuo established himself as the military king of South Vietnam, with Panyu as its capital.
The history of South Vietnam has begun! In BC 196, Zhao Tuo's position was recognized by Liu Bang, who sent Lv Jia to South Vietnam and made Zhao Tuo the king of South Vietnam. (2) Ban Gu completely preserved a letter written by Zhao Tuo to Liu Heng, the Chinese Emperor, in Volume 95 of Hanshu, Biography of South-West Guangdong and North Korea. He said in the letter: "The old lady has lived in Guangdong for forty-nine years, and now she embraces Sun Yan."
This letter was written in the second year of Wendi (BC 178). It is wrong to think that it was written in the first year of Emperor Wendi (BC 179).
Lu Houshi, the relationship between South Vietnam and South Korea deteriorated and the two sides fought against each other. After Liu Heng acceded to the throne, he sent Lu Jia to South Vietnam, and the two countries got back together.
The letter to Liu Heng should be handed over by Lu Jia. "In June of the second year of Emperor Wen, King Shouchun of Huainan destroyed the people's room and killed people.
Liu Xiang thought it was the year when South Vietnam made a counterattack against Huainan, and the king of Huainan broke it ... "(See Hanshu, volume 27, above the five elements) This record tells us that this letter can't be written in the first year of Emperor Wen. Therefore, it is reasonable that this letter was written in the second year of Emperor Wendi.
Liu Heng's active restoration, coupled with its own military defeat, made Zhao Tuo choose peace. It must be emphasized that the record of "forty-nine years in Guangdong" in the letter is correct.
It is wrong to think that "49" is "39". (3) "South Vietnam Wang Wei is a real person, surnamed Zhao.
When the Qin Dynasty merged with the world, YueYang decided to settle in Guilin, Nanhai and Xiang Jun. At the age of thirteen, he accompanied Yue Yue. Oh, it was used as a dragon boat order in the South China Sea during the Qin Dynasty. "
(See Historical Records, Volume 113, Biography of South Vietnam.) In my opinion, this record is wrong, and it is revised as follows: "Wang Wei of South Vietnam does exist, and his surname is Zhao. When the Qin Dynasty merged with the world, it was decided that YueYang would set Guilin, Nanhai and Xiang Jun as immigrant places.
Tuo and Yue Zachu were thirteen years old, serving as the order of Longchuan in Nanhai, Qin Dynasty. "In 2 14 BC, Zhao Tuo had lived in Vietnam for thirteen years, so how can you say that he lived in Guangdong for thirty-nine years in 178 BC? Can only say "forty-nine years in Guangdong"! Lingnan, also known as "Yangyue" and "Land of Lvliang".
Before the Qin Dynasty unified China, many people from China came to live here, and Zhao Tuo was one of them. I think they will mainly live in Nanhai county in the future, and Panyu should be the largest settlement.
There is a view that "mixed Vietnamese" people do not refer to Zhao Tuo, but to immigrants who entered Lingnan in 2 14 BC. "Thirteen years old" refers to the period from the county where Lingnan was located in the thirty-third year of Qin Shihuang (2 14 BC) to the fifth year of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty (202 BC) when Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor. I think they say this because they think Zhao Tuo is a "cadre going south", which is why they want to change "forty-nine years in Guangdong" to "thirty-nine years in Guangdong".
I will discuss Qin Zheng Baiyue in another article. At present, the popular view is this: Qin Shihuang sent Tusui to fight first, and Tusui was killed by local people for killing innocent people.
Qin Shihuang also sent Ren Tao and Zhao Tuo to fight. Ren Tao is the main commander and Zhao Tuo is the assistant commander. They won. This is the so-called "two characteristics of Lingnan".
There is also a view that Zhao Tuo also participated in the first expedition, and Tu Youyou was the commander and he was the lieutenant. Although there are differences between the two views, they all think that Zhao Tuo is the general Qin who led the troops south.
Earth-year-old (note: it should be "Titan", the pronunciation of "Earth" and "Titan" is the same, and "Year" is similar to "Wei", which is easy to make mistakes, so I will discuss it in another article). Huainanzi, Historical Records and Hanshu all have clear records, which is no problem. I don't know how Ren Tao came to the conclusion that he led troops south, because there is no record in the current data, and the history books only mention that he is a captain in the South China Sea, that's all! I think they probably came to the conclusion that Zhao Tuo was General Qin who led troops south. Because Zhao Tuo's boss is Ren Tao after Lingnan withdrew from the county, Zhao Tuo is the lieutenant and the main commander.
If they come to this conclusion, then they take it for granted! Besides, this assumption is unfair. There are three counties in Lingnan. Why should we exclude the military and political officials in Guilin County and Elephant County? These two men may also be the leaders of Qin Zheng Baiyue. After Lingnan became a county, wasn't their official position higher than that of Zhao Tuo? It would be ridiculous to exclude these two people just because their names are not left in the history books! Therefore, learning history cannot be taken for granted! Next, look at two records. I think that people who think that Zhao Tuo has fought many battles in the south should take this as the basis.
Historical Records Volume 1 12 Biography of Ping Jin's Father: "This also makes Wei Tuo (note: the word' tuo' is a word, but there is no word' tuo' in Hanshu.
2. An essay on Zhao Tuo culture about historical sites and scenery Dad told me that Lingnan culture is the most important part of Chinese culture, which is divided into three parts: Guangfu culture, Chaoshan culture and Hakka culture.
Guangzhou is the birthplace of Guangfu culture, and there are many Guangfu cultural relics. /kloc-in October/August, Wan Li was clear and Wan Li was cloudless, and the weather was a bit sultry.
My family took a bus to Beijing Road, where Guangfu cultural relics are most concentrated, for a one-day tour of Guangfu culture. We got off at the gate of Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital. My father told me that orthopedic hospital is the most famous trauma surgery hospital in Guangdong province, which embodies the essence of Lingnan Chinese medicine culture.
Then, we visited the Nanyue Palace Museum. Nanyue was founded by Zhao Tuo, the first political power, with its capital in Guangzhou, with a history of two thousand years! ! The visit is free, the museum is spacious and bright, and it is air-conditioned. When visiting ancient buildings, such as city walls and wells, as well as many and various relics, such as tiles, pottery pots and copper coins, we lamented that Guangzhou was very developed and prosperous two thousand years ago.
Especially the sewer project at that time was very advanced. The bustling pedestrian street on Beijing Road is crowded with people and shops. Beijing Road has been the commercial center of Guangzhou since the Song Dynasty, and there are also the ruins of the city walls in the Song and Ming Dynasties.
Chenghuang Temple is next to the former site of Nanyue Palace and Summer Palace. The city god is to protect the country and benefit the people, and the weather is favorable. Every city has its own city god.
Visiting the Temple of the Town God is the favorite activity of the people and a grand festival for the parade of the Town God. Dad bought two incense sticks for my brother and me, which was very interesting.
The last stop of the one-day tour is Wanmu Caotang. Wanmu Caotang is the place where Mr. Kang Youwei, the leader of the reformists in the late Qing Dynasty, gave lectures.
I asked my father, why is the place where I give lectures called Wanmu Caotang? Dad read four poems smoothly: "Who is the true faction of the ninth-rate gangsters, a thatched cottage in a dense forest?" However, there are many people in Beihai, but no one cares about Nanyang. "Then he explained: Wanmu Sensen, here refers to talents, and Caotang said that this lecture place is very simple.
It can be seen that Kang Youwei is ambitious and wants to train political reform talents for the country, and he has done it. Mr. Liang Qichao is his most famous disciple.
The thatched cottage is not big, and there is an ancient well with cool and sweet spring water. Nearby are Guangzhou Peasant Movement Workshop (formerly Panyu Academy), Zhongshan Library (formerly Saigon Hospital), Damazhan Academy Group and other places that reflect Guangfu culture. Dad said we can only wait until the next "one-day tour".
3. Looking for a poem about Chen There was a beloved princess named Zhang Lihua, who was said to be both beautiful and artistic. Her hair is seven feet long, black as paint, and the lights are visible. And if the face is sunny, the skin is like snow, the eyes are like autumn water, and the eyebrows are higher than the distant mountains. Looking around, they are dazzling and reflect from left to right. What's more, Zhang Lihua is also smart, eloquent and has a good memory. When Chen first met Zhang Lihua, he was stunned by nature. He wrote "Flowers in the Garden Behind Yushu" to praise the beauty of Zhang Lihua. This poem became the voice of national subjugation. "The back of the forest is facing the high pavilion, and the new clothes are gorgeous and beautiful." "The enchanting face is like a flower with dew, and the backyard is well proportioned." Writing such a poem, I think Chen still has some ink in his stomach.
Anyway, Emperor Wendi was very generous, never giving Chen a "gap" and giving him delicious food. Chen is not worried about eating and drinking. He died at the age of 52 after "coming back to life" in Sui Dynasty 16. By the way, wasn't that beautiful Zhang Lihua hiding in the well with Chen when she broke the city? What was the result? At that time, Gao Jiong, the general of Sui Dynasty, met her and said, "She tried to behead da ji with a mask when Taigong destroyed her. How can these demon princesses stay? " That is, cut it in Qingxi.