Since ancient times, the social structure of China has been described by the words "scholar, farmer, industry and business". "Scholars, peasants, workers and businessmen" refers to four kinds of people, namely scholars, peasants, workers and businessmen. Guan Zi said: Scholars, peasants and businessmen are four kinds of people, and the country is Shi Min, which means that these four kinds of people are the cornerstones of society. If we look at the ranking quotient, scholars rank first and businessmen rank last, which is a very scientific structure and the foundation of social stability in China.
China has always pursued the policy of "emphasizing agriculture and restraining commerce". We have always been a society that values agriculture over commerce. Only before the reform and opening up, our business was very backward, and there were no commodities in society, let alone the circulation of commodities. But now our business has a very important position.
Reasons for attaching importance to agriculture and restraining commerce in ancient times
1, the root cause: low productivity. Before the industrial revolution, the handicraft industry in China was always in the "manual" stage, and the commodity economy was extremely underdeveloped, making it difficult to achieve the stability of land management.
2. Basic reason: The economic basis of ancient China society was self-sufficient natural economy and small-scale peasant economy, and agricultural production played a decisive role, which directly related to the prosperity of the country and the prosperity of farmers.
3. Direct cause: the push of the rulers. The ruling class believes that businessmen are not engaged in agricultural production, and the mobility of personnel is large, which is not conducive to strengthening centralization and consolidating rule.
4. Historical reasons: During the Shang Dynasty, industry and commerce began to rise and develop gradually, but there was a situation of competing with agriculture for labor, which affected agricultural production and thus directly affected the supply of food.