Pei Wenzhong, a famous paleoanthropologist, once predicted: "We now call Beijingers our ancestors, but where are the ancestors of Beijingers? I think we should explore the Three Gorges area of the Yangtze River. " Now, archaeologists have found out the general outline of human activities in the Three Gorges in a large number of sites. Fossils of ancient humans more than 2 million years ago were found at Longgupo Paleolithic Site in Wushan, which proved that "Wushan Man" was the earliest human being discovered in the world so far. Daxi culture, a Neolithic site, shows the intelligence of the Three Gorges people. The Cuban ruins and cemeteries in the Three Gorges area reflect that the Three Gorges is the political, economic and cultural center of the Ba people and the main area to solve the mystery of Cuban history. The civilization of the Yangtze River is comparable to that of the Yellow River.
The Three Gorges is also one of the important birthplaces of ancient culture in China, and another cradle and important passage of Chinese civilization. In the course of history, the Yangtze River connects Wuyue culture in the lower reaches, Jingchu culture in the middle reaches and Bashu culture in the upper reaches. The Three Gorges is like a huge knot, connecting Jianghan Plain and Chengdu Plain, connecting Bashu civilization and Jingchu civilization, and creating a complete Yangtze River civilization. The ruins of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the plank road in the Qin Dynasty, the balcony of the State of Chu, the ghost town of Fengdu in Shi Baozhai, Zhongxian County, the ancient battlefields of Fengjie Bai Di, Yunyang Zhangfei Temple and Yiling (Yichang, Hubei Province), the ancient buildings and cultural relics such as Qu Yuan's hometown, Zhaojun's hometown, Bazhen Map, Yong 'an Palace, Fuling Baiheliang Temple, etc., have been integrated with the magnificent natural landscape, and a cultural history of thousands of years has been launched. It can be said that the Three Gorges of Baili is the umbilical cord that feeds China's 5,000-year-old civilization. Without this passage, the cultural history of the Chinese nation would be incomplete.
The Three Gorges is the most unforgettable sight in China. The Song of the Yangtze River included in primary school textbooks has made many people know the heroism of the Yangtze River for the first time. Li Bai's famous sentence in middle school textbook "Farewell to the colorful clouds of Bai Di, a thousand miles to Jiangling, apes on both sides of the strait can't stop crying, and the canoe has passed" and Liu's "Three Gorges of the Yangtze River" let us further appreciate the grandeur and magnificence of the Three Gorges; Mr. Yu vividly described the unique scenery and artistic conception of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in the article "A Journey to the Three Gorges of Culture", which deepened our impression of the Three Gorges again and again.
The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River starts from Baidicheng, Fengjie, Chongqing, and ends at Nanjinguan, Yichang, Hubei, with a total length of 193km. We usually refer to the scenery of the Three Gorges, which is 600 kilometers from Chongqing to Yichang. The whole Three Gorges is located in the mountains, with high mountains and deep valleys on both sides, cliffs and beautiful peaks. The Three Gorges "landscape gorge forest spring cave, all-encompassing; Magnificent and beautiful, there is nothing strange. " Its spectacular scenery and vast weather occupy all the natural scenery in the world. Known as the Museum of Nature, it is a world-famous tourist hotline, ranking first among the top ten scenic spots in China.
Qutang Gorge is the shortest gorge in the Three Gorges and is famous for its magnificent scenery. Qutang Gorge is magnificent, and the mountains on both sides are like axes, among which Kuimen Mountain is particularly majestic, which is the representative landscape of Qutang Gorge and the most obvious landscape of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. The ancient poem is called Kuimen: "More water prospers the country, and Qutang strives for a door". People often say that "Emei is beautiful in the world, Qingcheng is quiet in the world, Jianmen is in danger, and Kuimen is in the world".
Wuxia Gorge is the longest gorge in the Three Gorges, which is famous for its deep beauty. Twelve peaks in Wushan are the most famous in Wuxia. The peaks are unique, like a string of emeralds embedded in the river, among which goddess peak is the most striking. Because the moisture in Wuxia is not dissipated by transpiration, it is easy to form clouds, which can be seen at any time, winding around the mountainside or floating on the river. Therefore, when ancient poets and poets traveled to the Three Gorges, they felt the deepest feelings than the clouds and rain in the Three Gorges.
Second, Xi An Beilin Museum
XI anbeilin museum
Xi 'an Beilin Museum (formerly Shaanxi Provincial Museum) is a quadrangle-style building, located in the former site of Confucius Temple in Xi 'an Sanxue Street, covering an area of 30,000 square meters. The exhibition is divided into two parts: "Xi 'an Stele Forest" and "Stone Carving Art". . 1950 expanded into a museum.
Xi 'an Forest of Steles was founded in A.D. 1087. It is the earliest and largest art treasure house of ancient steles in China, with more than 0/000 pieces of steles from Han Dynasty to Qing Dynasty on display. There are many stone tablets here, hence the name "Forest of Steles".
Xi 'an Forest of Steles was developed on the basis of preserving the stone scriptures of the Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, people called it The Book of Songs, which was written by Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and The Book of Songs in Kaicheng, which was carved in 873 AD. The name of "Forest of Steles" was determined in Qing Dynasty. The forest of steles now contains more than 3,000 steles from Han Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, which are displayed in 7 exhibition rooms, with 6 epitaphs and steles 1 piece.
The first showroom of Beilin mainly displays the Book of Songs in Kaicheng, including Zhouyi, Shangshu, The Book of Songs, Zhou Li, Yili, Book of Rites, Biography of Zuo Family in Spring and Autumn Period, Biography of Yang Gong in Spring and Autumn Period, Biography of Gu Liang in Spring and Autumn Period, The Analects of Confucius and the Book of Filial Piety. More than 30,000 words in the block-printed edition of Mencius in Qing Dynasty 17 are well displayed here, which are collectively called Thirteen Classics. 12 Confucian classics are required books for intellectuals in feudal society.
The second exhibition room of Beilin mainly displays the inscriptions written by famous calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty, which has always been a model for people to learn calligraphy, including the Huangfu birthday tablet written by calligrapher Ou Yangxun in the early Tang Dynasty, the Daoyin master tablet written by Ouyang Tong, son of Ou Yangxun, known as Xiao Ouyang, the multi-pagoda tablet and Yanshi temple tablet written by Yan Zhenqing, and Xuanzang written by Liu Gongquan in the late Tang Dynasty.
The third exhibition room of the forest of steles preserved precious inscriptions of various styles from Han Dynasty to Song Dynasty (206 BC-BC 1279), including seal script, official script, regular script, running script and cursive script. Through these inscriptions, we can understand the evolution of Chinese characters.
The fourth exhibition room of the forest of steles preserves the original poems and songs of calligraphers from the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, as well as inscriptions with precious historical value in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as some line drawings from the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty.
The fifth exhibition room of Beilin mainly displays stone tablets describing the historical facts of repairing temples, recording merits, repairing canals and compiling cities in Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and is a reference material for studying contemporary society and local history. In addition, there are large-scale inscriptions such as "Tiger", "Shou" and "Fu" written by Ma Dezhao in Qing Dynasty, which are magnificent and magnificent, giving visitors beautiful enjoyment.
The inscriptions displayed in the sixth exhibition room of Beilin are mostly poems of Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Among them, the Monument to Tiantai Mountain by Zhao Meng in Yuan Dynasty, the Monument to Zhang Sheng of Moling Hotel by Dong Qichang in Ming Dynasty, the Book of Mi Fei to Wu He by Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, and the Poem of Huashan by Lin Zexu are all very precious.
The seventh showroom of Beilin is a newly-built showroom of 1982, which is dedicated to preserving the secret pavilion stickers of Chunhua in Song Dynasty. Epitaphs from Wei, Jin and Qing dynasties are displayed on the stele forest corridor.
The stone carving art room was built in 1963. It collects more than 70 stone carvings scattered in Shaanxi from the Western Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, which are divided into two categories: tomb stone carvings and religious stone carvings, and are displayed here in chronological order.
Admission: 30 yuan.
Business hours: 08: 00- 18: 00.
Shaanxi History Museum
Shaanxi History Museum
Shaanxi History Museum has a collection of cultural relics unearthed in Shaanxi 1 13000 pieces (groups), with an exhibition area of 1 100 square meters. It is divided into three parts: Shaanxi ancient history exhibition, special exhibition and temporary exhibition.
Shaanxi Ancient History Exhibition shows more than 3,000 treasures discovered and unearthed in Shaanxi, which are divided into seven parts: prehistoric, Zhou, Qin, Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and are displayed in three exhibition halls. Shaanxi Ancient History Exhibition is the basic exhibition of Shaanxi History Museum, which vividly and systematically shows the ancient history of Shaanxi from 1 15000 years ago to 1840.
Tickets: 35 yuan.
Business hours: 8: 00- 18: 00.
Banpo Ruins Museum
Banpo museum
Banpo site is a typical matriarchal clan commune village site, belonging to Yangshao culture. More than 400 such relics have been found in Guanzhong area of the Yellow River Basin, so the Yellow River Basin is called the cradle of ancient culture in China.
Yangshao culture is a Neolithic culture in China, which is distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. 192 1 was first discovered in Yangshao Village, Mianchi, Henan Province, hence its name. Yangshao culture belongs to the heyday of matriarchal clan commune system. Because a large number of painted pottery are often found in Yangshao cultural sites, it is also called painted pottery culture. According to the carbon-14 method, Yangshao culture in the whole Central Plains is about 5000-3000 BC.
Banpo site was discovered by accident during the construction in the spring of 1953, with an existing area of about 50,000 square meters, which is divided into three parts: residential area, pottery-making area and burial area. Five excavations were carried out from the autumn of 1954 to the summer of 1957. Excavation area 1 1,000m2. A total of 46 house sites, 2 pens, more than 200 cellars for storing articles, 74 adult tombs 1, 73 children's urn burials, 6 pottery kiln sites and a large number of production tools and household appliances were found. It vividly shows us the production and life scenes of Banpo ancestors who were in the prosperous period of matriarchal clan society more than 6000 years ago.
The first exhibition hall mainly displays the production tools found in Banpo site, including stone tools, fishing gear, grooved wheels, bone needles, fishhooks, harpoons, etc., from which we can understand various scenes of Banpo people's production activities.
The cultural relics exhibited in the second exhibition hall reflect the social life, culture and art, and various inventions and creations of Banpo people.
Admission: 20 yuan.
Business hours: 08: 30- 17: 00.
Qin Shihuang Mausoleum Site Museum
Qin Shihuang Mausoleum Museum
Terracotta warriors and horses horse
1In March, 974, villagers in Xiyang Village, Yanzhai Township, Lintong District accidentally found many broken pottery figurines while digging a well at the east of the Qin Shihuang Mausoleum 1.5km. According to the detection of archaeologists, this is a rectangular pit of Qin terracotta warriors and horses. By drilling in 1976, two terracotta warriors and horses pits were discovered 20 meters and 25 meters north of the pit. According to the time when they were discovered, they were named Terracotta Warriors 1 Pit, Pit 2 and Pit 3. The total area of the three pits is 22,780 square meters.
The plane of No.1 pit is rectangular, with a length of 230m from east to west, a width of 62m and a depth of 5m, with a total area of 14260m2. It is a tunnel-type civil building structure, with five inclined doorways at the east and west ends respectively. There is a rammed earth partition wall with a width of 10 of 2.5m in the tunnel, on which there are thick beams and reeds, fine mud and earth. The bottom is paved with blue bricks. The terracotta warriors and horses in pit 1 are arranged according to the actual combat formation. At the eastern end of the Terracotta Warriors Pit is a long corridor, where there are three rows of warriors facing east, each with 70 people, totaling 2 10, holding crossbows. They are the vanguard of the No.1 pit army array. There is a row of warriors facing south in the south of the corridor, which is the right wing, and a row of warriors facing north in the north, which is the left wing. There is a line of warriors facing west in the west, who are defenders. Armed with long-range weapons, such as crossbows, they are on alert for the whole army. In the 10 tunnel separated by the 10 partition wall, there are 38 trains facing east, and there are chariots in the middle of each road. Terracotta warriors and horses all wear armor and carry long weapons. They are the main force of pit one. There are 27 exploration points in No.1 pit. According to the density of terracotta warriors and horses arranged in each exploration point, more than 6,000 terracotta warriors and horses can be unearthed after all excavations, most of which are infantry.
To the north of the eastern end of pit No.1 is pit No.2, with an arc-shaped plane and an area of 6,000 square meters. This is a typical four units composed of four arms. It is estimated that more than 350 terracotta warriors and horses for driving, more than 65,438+000 pommel horses for cavalry, nearly 65,438+0000 warrior figures and 89 wooden chariots can be unearthed. It is a square army array composed of infantry, cavalry, light car and mixed arms. This is made up of a small row of hooks. The first small phalanx is the Red Soldiers' Array, which is a big bucket protruding from the east of the terracotta warriors' pit, with a total of 330 red soldiers. Among them, about 160 armored kneeling figurines are divided into eight columns in the center of the array, and the periphery is covered by 170 standing figurines. When you get cold feet, you can take turns shooting in both standing and kneeling positions, making it difficult for the enemy to get close. The second small array, the southern half of the figurine pit, including holes 1 to 8, consists of 64 chariots, each of which has an imperial guard and two soldiers, and is not subordinate to the infantry, so it has high running speed and assault capability. The third small array, in the middle of the Terracotta Warriors Pit, includes holes 9 to 1 1, and is a column composed of chariots, infantry and cavalry. Based on 19 chariots, supplemented by more than 260 infantry, 8 cavalry and 6 cavalry were produced. The fourth small array, the northern half of the figurine pit, includes 12, and then four holes. It is a cavalry formation consisting of six chariots, 124 pommel horse and cavalry figurines. Four units are organically connected to form a large array, or four independent small arrays can be formed separately, which can be attacked and defended, with strong self-protection ability and quick response. Three of the four units in the No.2 pit were equipped with chariots, which accounted for more than half of the entire army array, proving that chariots were the main force of manual operations in Qin Dynasty.
The third pit is 25 meters west of the second pit and 25 meters north of the first pit, with a concave plane and an area of 520 square meters. There are only four horses, 1 car and 68 clay figurines. To its east is an inclined doorway, which is 1 1.2m long and 3.7m wide. Corresponding to the door is a carriage house, and there is an east-west wing on both sides of the carriage house, namely a south wing and a north wing. A total of 64 pottery figurines were unearthed. The arrangement of these terracotta figures is different from pits 1 and 2. The terracotta warriors in pits 1 and 2 are arranged in battle formation, while the warrior figures in pit 3 are arranged on the surrounding walls in the opposite way. The weapons held by the warriors in pit 3 are also different from those held by the warriors in pits 1 and 2. The latter is equipped with long-range crossbows, spears, bows, cymbals and swords. In the melee, only one kind of bladeless weapon-copper paddle was found in the third pit. In the Qin dynasty, the iron wall was a weapon specially used for ritual purposes. In the north wing, there is also a piece of residual antlers and a pile of animal bones. It may be a place dedicated to pre-war divination or prayer activities. Looking at the overall layout of the No.3 pit, it may be the headquarters of the entire underground army array-the military curtain.
Pottery figurines vary in weight from 1.78m to 1.97m, ranging from less than 1 10kg to 300 kg. In order to keep the center of gravity of tall pottery figurines balanced, Qin craftsmen added a pedal at the foot of each pottery figurine to make the standing pottery figurines more stable.
The most striking weapon is a bronze sword. After more than 2000 years, its surface has not rusted, and it is still extremely sharp and bright as new. It can cut through 20 sheets of paper at a time. It was identified as a Cu-Sn alloy, containing more than 65,438+00 other rare metals. There are 65,438+00 ~ 65,438+05 micron oxide layers of chromium-containing compounds on the surface, which indicates that it has been treated by chromate oxidation technology. Chromium plating technology was invented by Germans in 1930s, but China began to chromium plate weapons more than 2,000 years ago, which is really amazing.
1February, 980, two large painted bronze chariots and horses were excavated 20 meters west of Qin Shihuang's mausoleum. According to the order of discovery, the quilts were woven into 1 No.2 bronze chariots and horses. These two riders are single-axis four horses, arranged longitudinally in front and back. The first car should be an ancient "high car", on which royal officials and passengers were standing. Car number two is called "Che 'an", also called "Riding Beijing". It is divided into a front imperial room and a rear guest room, separated by a car wall. The driver sits in the front royal room and the owner sits in the back passenger room. Car No.2 is equipped with 1500 pieces of gold and silver components and ornaments, which looks gorgeous and rich. Probably traveling for the soul of Qin Shihuang. Car No.1 is equipped with crossbows, arrows and shields, and the driver wears an official hat, which shows that these cars are used to protect the safety of car No.2 behind.
Copper chariots and horses are made according to real cars, real horses and real people everywhere. Except for about half the size of real cars, real horses and real people, others are no different from real cars, real horses and real people. The size of bronze chariots and horses is assembled from 3400 parts. The length of the car is 3. 17m, the height of the car is1.06m. The height of the bronze horse is 65-67cm, the length is1.2m, and the weight varies from177kg to 212.9kg.. The total weight of vehicles, horses and people is 1243 kg. The main body is made of bronze. Gold and silver ornaments for chariots and horses 1720 pieces, with a total weight of 7 kg. Bronze chariots and horses are the earliest, most complete, highest-level and most exquisite bronze treasures in China, and also the largest bronze found in the world.
Admission: 90 yuan.
Business hours: 08: 00- 18: 00.
Huaqing hot spring
Huaqing Hot Spring
Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of Mount Li and has been a bath since ancient times. According to reports, "Li Palace" was built in the Western Zhou Dynasty. In the Qin Dynasty, a pool was made of stone and named "Lishantang". The Han dynasty expanded to "leaving the palace". Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, once built a "hot spring palace" here. In 747 AD, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered the construction of a palace around the mountain. The palace was built along with the city and changed to Huaqing Palace, and its Tang Chi was also called Huaqing Pool, which has been in use ever since.
Huaqing pool water can cure diseases, which was discovered more than 2000 years ago. It is said that Qin Shihuang met the "goddess" here and wanted to be rude. The goddess was angry and spat in his face, which immediately made her sour. At first, the emperor was afraid and was busy making confession. The goddess asked him to heal with hot spring water. In the past, the emperor built palaces here, feasting and having fun. In the Tang Dynasty, every October, Emperor Xuanzong took his sister Yang Guifei to Huaqing Palace and didn't return to Chang 'an until the following spring.
Huaqingchi in the Tang Dynasty was destroyed by "An Shi Rebellion". Now Huaqing Pool is only a small part of Huaqing Palace in Tang Dynasty. The Huaqing Pool we see today was rebuilt and expanded on the basis of reconstruction in Qing Dynasty, covering an area of 85,560 square meters.
Entering the west gate of Huaqing Pool, you can see Jiulong Pool, Lotus Soup and Feishuangtang, all of which were restored and rebuilt according to the architectural style of Tang Dynasty in 1959.
Feishuang Hall is the bedroom of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. At that time, in the Tang Chi in front of the temple, the fog rose all day. Whenever winter snow falls, the jade dragon in the palace flies and is covered with frost, which flies in front of the temple and turns into frost, hence the name.
According to legend, there was a drought in Guanzhong in ancient times, and the jade emperor ordered the old dragon to lead eight little dragons to beg for rain. The drought has just been eliminated, and the dragon paralysis is lax, which leads to the drought being aggravated again. In a rage, the Jade Emperor put all the little dragons under the jade embankment, and pressed the morning pavilion and the evening pavilion at both ends of the embankment, so that all the little dragons could spit out clean water all day long and irrigate the fields for the people. He also pressed the old dragon under the Long Yin Pavilion on the top of the jade embankment, so that he could monitor the little dragon dutifully. Jiulongchi got its name from this.
The Jiuqu cloister on the west side of Jiulongchi is like a Zhou Shi floating on the water. On the stone boat is the imperial soup "Jiulong soup" of Emperor Xuanzong. At that time, Kowloon soup was made of white jade, and the shape of fish, dragons, flowers and birds was hidden on the stone surface. There is a lotus carved from white jade in the pool, and the spring water gushes from the urn and sprays on the lotus, so the royal soup is also called lotus soup. The water source of Lishan Hot Spring in Huaqing Pool and the former site of Xi 'an Incident are located in the east of Huaqing Pool.
Tickets: 40 yuan
Business hours: 08: 00- 18: 00.
Qianling Museum
Qianling Museum
Ganling is the mausoleum of Li Zhi and Wu Zetian in Tang Gaozong. Because it is in the northwest of Chang 'an, it is called Ganling. Tang Gaozong Li Zhi, the ninth son of Emperor Taizong and Li Shimin, was born in 628 AD. With the help of his mother's uncle Sun Chang Wuji, he was elected as the prince. Emperor Taizong ascended the throne after his death in 649 AD. Due to his infirmity, his real power is in the hands of Empress Wu Zetian. Emperor Taizong reigned for 34 years. In 683 AD, he died in Luoyang Guan Zhen Hall and was buried in Ganling.
Wu Zetian, born in Wenshui, Shanxi Province, took part in state affairs as soon as she became a queen. In 690, Wu Zetian called herself "Emperor of the Holy Spirit" and changed her name to "Zhou", becoming the only female emperor in the history of China.
Wu Zetian reigned for 2 1 year, and was born in Li Xian in 705. He was the emperor of Zhongzong. He was honored as "Emperor Zetian" and died in Luoyang Shangyang Palace soon, and was buried with Emperor Gaozong in Ganling.
Built in 684, Ganling is a well-preserved one among the eighteen tombs in the Tang Dynasty. The ground facilities of Ganling are mainly tomb stone carvings, mostly concentrated outside Zhuquemen. From the first pair of Tujue in the south to a pair of Huabiao in the north, a pair of winged horses and suzaku, five pairs of stone horses and ten pairs of stone men. There is a stone tablet outside the four gates of the inner city, and on the left is the "sacred monument". Because there are seven sections, it is called the "seven-section monument". The upper floor is a house-shaped monument, the middle five sections are a monument body, and the lower floor is a monument seat. The monument is 6.3 meters high and each side is 1.86 meters wide. More than 8,000 words were inscribed by Li Zhi, praising Li Zhi's literary martial arts. On the right is the Monument Without Words, which is the same height as the Monument to Record the Sage of Syria, with a width of 1.8m and a thickness of1.3m. Eight decapitated heads are engraved on the monument, and the lines on both sides are engraved with the big Long Yun pattern. At the beginning, the whole monument was not engraved with a word, so it was called "no word monument" The reason is that Wu Zetian's "great merit" takes the meaning of "people except fame" in the Analects of Confucius; One said that Wu Zetian was generous and set up this monument for future generations to comment on himself; There is also a saying that this monument was made by Tang Zhongzong. He was dissatisfied with Wu Zetian's arbitrariness, unwilling to compliment her against his will, and unwilling to criticize his mother as a son, so he made this monument. In any case, it is unique in the history of our country to erect a tablet without words in front of the imperial tomb.
Princess Yongtai, named Li Xianhui, is the granddaughter of Tang Gaozong Li Zhi and Wu Zetian, the seventh daughter of Li Xian, and married Wu Yanji, the nephew of Wu Zetian. He died in Luoyang in 70 1 at the age of 17. In 706, he was buried with Wu Yanji in the northern tableland of Ganxian County and with Ganling.
Prince Zhang Huai's mausoleum is located about 3 kilometers southeast of Ganling. Prince Zhang Huai is a famous saint, the second son of Tang Gaozong Li Zhi and Wu Zetian, and one of the most talented children of Emperor Gaozong.
The Ganling Museum, built according to Princess Yongtai's tomb, collects many cultural relics unearthed from the tombs of Ganling (mainly the tombs of Princess Yongtai, Prince Zhang Huai and Prince Yide). Although these three tombs were stolen from the Five Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, they still left a large number of funerary objects, such as ceramic utensils, tri-colored Tang Dynasty, figurines and epitaphs. Among the three-color horses, the largest is a horse unearthed from the tomb of King Huaizhang, which is 72 cm high and 80 cm long. Various tri-colored figurines have different postures and vivid shapes, among which dozens of armored horse-riding figurines are rare treasures among cultural relics.
Admission: Ganling 3 1 yuan, 4 scenic spots in 84 yuan.
Business hours: 08: 00- 18: 00.
Famen Temple
Famen Temple
Famen Temple is a famous temple in ancient China, where the Buddhist relics of Sakyamuni were placed. Buddhism is the door that practitioners must enter. Famen Temple was built in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Famen Temple Tower, also known as the "True Body Tower", was built because of the tower and was named after the location where Sakyamuni's phalanx was buried. In 485 BC, after the death of Sakyamuni, India's Magadha peacock converted to Buddhism from Ashoka. In order to make the Buddha's light great, they divided the Buddha's bones into 84,000 pieces and buried them around the world, and built 84,000 towers. There are 19 pagodas in China, and Famen Temple Pagoda is one of them. Therefore, Famen Temple pagodas and temples have the reputation of "the ancestor of Guanzhong Pagoda Temple".
During the period of 1985, the Shaanxi provincial government rebuilt a new tower modeled on the brick tower of the Ming Dynasty. When cleaning the tower foundation, I accidentally discovered the underground palace. In the underground palace, I found a thousand-year-old finger relic of Sakyamuni and a large number of precious cultural relics supporting it.
The underground palace of Famen Temple is 2 1.2 meters long and covers an area of 3 1.84 square meters. It is the largest temple tower underground palace ever discovered in China. Four Buddhist relics found in the underground palace are the most striking. The first relic was hidden in the eight treasures of the harem, 40.3 mm long, hollow and firmly placed on the silver pillar of the golden pagoda. The second piece is hidden in the tomb of white marble with double eaves in the middle room, and its shape is similar to that of the first piece. The third one is hidden in the white jade coffin of five precious letters in the secret niche in the back room. It is tubular, 37 mm long and yellow in white. The fourth relic is hidden in Ashoka Tower, which is a painted bodhisattva in the front room. Its color and shape are similar to those of the first and second relics. Appraised by Zhao Puchu, president of the Chinese Buddhist Association, and Zhou Shaoliang, vice president, the second one is the spirit bone, that is, the true phalanx of Buddha Sakyamuni, and the other three are the "shadow bones", which were ordered by the emperor of the Tang Dynasty to be copied to protect the true bones. But in the eyes of Buddhists, "shadow bone" is also sacred bone, which has the same meaning as relic.
The gold and silver utensils found in Famen Temple are very advanced treasures. Twelve gold-plated mord sticks are boundless.
Suzhou garden ranks first in the world and has been included in the world cultural heritage list. Among the four famous gardens in China, Suzhou occupies two seats: Humble Administrator's Garden and Lingering Garden. The profound cultural accumulation of Tiger Hill, the first scene in Wuzhong, makes it a must-see for tourists to visit Suzhou. A night-mooring near maple bridge, written by Zhang Ji, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, has attracted tourists from all over the world to visit Qiao Feng and listen to the bells of Hanshan Temple. The natural scenery outside Gusu City is beautiful, and Lingyan Mountain, Tianping Mountain, Tianchi Mountain and Dongting Mountain are dotted on the shore of Taihu Lake, forming a lake and mountain scenery rich in Jiangnan customs. Suzhou has not only the beauty of gardens, but also the victory of mountains and rivers. The natural and human landscapes complement each other, and the poets and poets compose poems, making Suzhou a veritable "paradise on earth". Main attractions:
1. Hanshan Temple is located on the edge of Qiao Feng outside Gusu City. Founded in the Six Dynasties, it has a history of 1400 years. During the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty, it was renamed Hanshan Temple. The main buildings in the temple are: Daxiong Hall, Xiandian (Piandian Hall), Tibetan Scripture Building, Monument Gallery, Bell Tower, Fengjiang Building, etc. There is a bronze bell on the right side of the Hall of Ursa Major given by a Japanese friend, which was cast by a group of craftsmen such as Kobayashi Cheng Yi in 1906. This clock is made of two pieces, one in Guanshan Temple and the other in Hanshan Temple in Japan, and it has been well preserved so far.
2. Tiger Hill is a landmark landscape in Suzhou, and it is known as "the first scene in Wuzhong". Suzhou was the capital of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period, and He Lv, the king of Wu, was buried in Tiger Hill after his death. When Bai Juyi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, was a secretariat in Suzhou, he dug mountains to divert water and built dikes for seven miles to make the scenery of Tiger Hill more beautiful. Su Shi, a poet in the Song Dynasty, once said, "It is a pity not to visit Suzhou Tiger Hill." When evaluating the characteristics of Tiger Hill, the ancients once put forward the theory of "Nine Suits", arguing that Tiger Hill should be suitable for the moon, snow, rain, smoke, Yichun Xiao, summer, autumn, falling trees and sunset. The main landscapes in the park are: the world-famous leaning tower-Tiger Hill, "the third spring in the world", Broken Beam Hall, Cold Spring, Sword Trial Stone, Sword Pond, Cuiyong Mountain Villa, Wanjing Mountain Villa and so on.
Lingering Garden is one of the four famous gardens in China, which was founded in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. Qingganlong was acquired by Liu Shu in the late Qing Dynasty, and was renamed Hanbi Villa after expansion, which was called "Liuyuan". In the early years of Guangxu, the official Shengkang bought this garden, absorbed the strengths of various gardens in Suzhou, rebuilt and renovated it, and renamed it Liuyuan. Lingering Garden is divided into four scenic spots: China, East, West and North. The scenic spots are connected by an arc corridor more than 700 meters long. There are more than 300 calligraphy and stone carvings of famous artists in the past dynasties embedded in the two walls of the promenade, which is called "Lingering Garden Fa Tie". Under the veranda, there are glistening walls and leaking windows, and the pattern is exquisite. Looking from the flower wall, the pavilion in the mountain pool looms among the flowers and trees, like a picture scroll of painters, which has a unique interest.
Lion Grove is located at No.23 Garden Road in the northeast of the city. It was founded by Zen master Tian Ru, a monk in the Yuan Dynasty, in memory of his teacher, monk Zhongfeng. Lion Forest has the largest existing ancient rockery group in China. There are many exquisite rockeries on the lake, which are beautiful and dance like lions. They are called "Rockery Kingdom" and "Eighteen Scenes of Taoyuan". The highest peak in the garden is Lion Peak, and there are other famous peaks such as Han Hui and Tuyue. These buildings include Li Xue Hall, Sleeping Cloud Room, Bai Xuan and Mei Wen Pavilion.
Suzhou amusement park is located at the foot of Lion Mountain in the west of Suzhou New District, which is divided into two parts: the aquatic world and the happy world. Most of the participatory amusement facilities in the park have reached the international advanced level. Located on the east side of Lion Mountain, Happy World, with the theme of "Oriental Disney", combines the lively, joyful and spectacular features of western amusement parks with the leisurely, quiet and natural features of oriental gardens, and is the crowning touch of China New Generation Paradise. Water World is the most advanced water amusement park in China at present. There are 13000 square meters of magical water city, 4000 square meters of wave-making pool, and semi-spherical inflatable sliding platform imported from Sweden. There is also a simulated animal ambush in the drifting river, which seems to be in Jurassic Park.