Ma Zhiyuan (Hou Yue 1250- 132 1), Qian Li and Dong Li, were dramatists in Yuan Dynasty, originally from Macitang Village, Dongguang County, Hebei Province. Ma Zhiyuan had a bumpy career when he was young, but he was a scholar in middle age. He was an official in Zhejiang Province and later served as Minister of Industry. Ma Zhiyuan was dissatisfied with the current situation in his later years, lived in seclusion in the countryside, and was buried in his ancestral home after his death. Ma Zhiyuan participated in the creation of zaju in his early years, and had contacts with Wang Bocheng, Hua, and artist Li Er. He was also one of the four masters of Yuanqu at that time.

Ma Zhiyuan was very studious and enterprising when he was young. This matter was discussed by Ma's descendants and all descendants, and they were warned to keep up with this matter in jokes after dinner.

It is said that Ma Zhiyuan's first name is Vision. In his hometown, he is very smart and studious, and has become a minor celebrity in the local area. For her future, Ma Zhiyuan wants to leave home to study in a distant place. Before he left, he came to the Tiefo Temple in the county to worship Buddha. At that time, the incense in that temple was very prosperous, and there were many monks inside. The elders are particularly knowledgeable.

After worshipping the Iron Buddha, Ma Zhiyuan sought audience with the elders in the temple. I want to study, but my family is poor. I hope my predecessors can teach me to study more. When the elders saw that he was very studious, they changed it to reason, talked with him and taught him that "indifference is unclear, and quietness is not far away." . Since I was born in Dongli, I aim for a thousand miles. I believe I will succeed in the future. But we must remember that we should not ask for money, but do things for the people and for the people. From then on, Ma Zhiyuan changed the vision of his name to Zhiyuan. Known as Dongli.

Ma Zhiyuan's early career was not good. However, it is gratifying that the zaju and Sanqu he created in his spare time are very famous, but what he didn't expect was that his own literary achievements saved his hometown from a disaster.

In the early Ming Dynasty, there was a famous battle of Jingnan in history. Let people in Hebei, Henan and Shandong be killed. Running away is painful. Hebei is full of bones. Ruined land. It is said that the Prince of Yan once studied Ma Zhiyuan's zaju and Sanqu. I have great respect for Ma Zhiyuan. Get Dongguang is the hometown of Ma Zhiyuan, then ordered. I didn't kill every horse, so I saved the life of a family.

Where is Ma Zhiyuan's former residence?

Ma Zhiyuan's former residence is located in Jiuyuan Village, Wang Ping Town, Ximentougou, Beijing. There is a former residence of the Yuan Dynasty in Xiluopo Village. According to local villagers, this is Ma Zhiyuan's former residence. It is said that Ma Zhiyuan's former residence faces west and belongs to a big quadrangle. There is a small bridge in front of the door, and the water is gurgling under it.

Ma Zhiyuan's yard is very big. Four rooms in the southeast and northwest. Because no one has lived for a long time, the house is very shabby now. The yard is overgrown with weeds and piles of sundries. After careful observation, Ma Zhiyuan's former residence is very similar to his "Tianjingsha Qiu Si": "The old trees in Gu Teng are faint crows, the bridges are flowing, the ancient roads are sparse, the sun is setting, and the heartbroken people are at the end of the world."

It is said that Ma Zhiyuan was dissatisfied with the corruption in the late imperial government. I live in seclusion in the mountains. But where is the mountain forest where he lives? This history is not recorded in detail. Legend has it that after Ma Zhiyuan lived in seclusion, he lived a carefree life of "a fairy in wine, a stranger outside the dust, a friend in the forest, and a middle reaches of the song". Envy others.

When confirming whether the former residence is Ma Zhiyuan's real place of residence, we can also see that it is probably here in other songs of Ma Zhiyuan, such as "Silver Leaves on the Qingjiang River", in which "there are few people in the West Village, and the new cicada is singing, just waiting for the sunflower to bloom, but it is too early, and the dream will go with the disc." The West Village mentioned in this article is probably Xiluopo Village, because it is suitable for Dongluopo Village, and the two villages are connected.

Ma Zhiyuan's masterpiece

Many people think that Ma Zhiyuan is a master of writing Sanqu, and he is nicknamed "Ququ No.1". His masterpiece Qiu Si is a typical masterpiece. Whether it is artistic conception or writing, it is extraordinarily beautiful, picturesque and infatuated. Ma Zhiyuan is very good at expressing emotion by borrowing things.

The language used in Ma Zhiyuan's zaju is clear and beautiful. He is very good at connecting the most common, common and simple sentences in series, and then brewing a unique and beautiful text, which is very impactful, so as to achieve different expressive force. It makes the work exude strong self-evident emotions and subjective cognition of things from the inside out.

The overall style of Tianjingsha Qiu Si is original, and every sentence and word are natural, especially ordinary sentences put together to form a perfect sunset painting. The last sentence "heartbroken people are at the end of the world" plays the role of finishing touch, perfectly writing the sad feelings of a wandering wanderer who has left his hometown. Ma Zhiyuan's "Falling Plum Breeze". Return to Sail from Far Pu is also very good, which describes the night view of the river very well, very comfortable and cozy. Ships in twos and threes, falling flowers and fragrance, make people think. Such a beautiful scenery makes people feel relaxed and happy in an instant, but it lays the groundwork for the following sentence. "Broken bridges sell fish, and people are scattered." It's a pity that he enjoyed the beautiful scenery alone when everyone went home. The desolation of a wanderer in the world, deep feelings welled up in my heart.

Yueyang Tower is also one of Ma Zhiyuan's Sanqu works and zaju. Mainly write the story of three immortals, Lv Dongbin, who went to Yueyang Tower to spend time with him. It mainly reflects their dissatisfaction with reality and opposes everyone who only cares about their own interests and struggles for their own interests, so as to highlight their frustrated and miserable life, hoping that someone can appreciate him and serve the country with an empty heart, but it does not conform to Bole's resentment and unwillingness.