Cao Cao of the Three Kingdoms lived to the age of 65. Cao Cao (155 ~ 220) was a politician, strategist and writer in the late Eastern Han Dynasty in China. Wei Wudi. The word Meng De. Pei Guoqiao County (now Bozhou, Anhui Province). Father Cao Song, eunuch Cao Teng adopted son. Cao Cao took part in suppressing the yellow turban insurrectionary army in Yingchuan and was appointed as the captain of the imperial army, one of the eight captains of Xiyuan. In the sixth year of Zhong Ping (189), due to Dong Zhuo's autocratic power, he fled Luoyang to Chenliu (now southeast of Kaifeng, Henan Province), exhausted all his possessions, and assembled 5,000 people with the Dongguan County Army headed by Yuan Shao to crusade against Dong Zhuo. At that time, the army was afraid of Zhuo, so it dared not move forward. They only fought, Dong Zhuo fled to the west, and Yuan Shao was the prefect of the East County. In the third year of Chuping (192), Qingzhou Yellow Scarf Uprising Army invaded Yanzhou and killed Liu Dai, the secretariat of the state. The state officials supported Cao Cao to lead Yanzhou to pasture, and led the troops to defeat the Yellow Scarf Army by more than 300,000 yuan, and accepted its elite as his subordinate. In the subsequent years of the merger war, he showed outstanding talent, defeated Yuan Shu, breached Tao Qian, pacified Zhang Miao and destroyed Lu Bu, and gradually grew into a force against Yuan Shao. In the battle of Guandu in the fifth year of Jian 'an (200 years), Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao's 654.38+ 10,000-strong army, and successively captured the four states of Hebei, Qinghai, Youyou and Hezhou owned by Yuan Shao. In the twelfth year, Yuan Shao's second son was incorporated, and the Wuhuan forces stationed in Liucheng, western Liaoning (now southwest of Chaoyang, Liaoning) were eliminated, and the north was basically unified. According to Mao Jiehe's plan, in the first year of Jian 'an, Cao Cao went from Luoyang to Xu County (now Henan) within his sphere of influence as a puppet and moved the capital to Xu. Since then, he has taken the initiative in politics and his appeal has increased. He adopted Zao Zuo's suggestion, raised people to settle the land, and promised to win a million dollars, thus ensuring the victory of the war from the material supply. He is proficient in Sun Tzu's Art of War and has written more than 654.38+10,000 words of Sun Tzu's art of war works. Good at using ancient military theories, strategies and tactics. He repeatedly ordered the recruitment of talents, demanding meritocracy. Cao Cao was deeply influenced by the pre-Qin legalist thought. He is an official with no merit and does not reward those who do not fight. Under the guidance of this thought, he brutally suppressed the peasants' resistance, and at the same time, he often severely cracked down on the illegal acts of powerful families. In the thirteenth year of Jian 'an, Cao Cao became prime minister and led the army south. Jingzhou Liu Biao died of illness and Zi Cong surrendered. Cao Cao marched into Jiangling, went down the Yangtze River, and fought with Sun Quan and Liu Bei at Chibi. At that time, the conditions for the reunification of North and South were far from mature; The northern army traveled long distances, and the soldiers were ill. Jingzhou army surrendered with trepidation and refused to go to war. Coupled with Cao Cao's pride and underestimation, he was defeated by allied fire (see Battle of Red Cliffs). From then on, it turned to consolidate the northern rule, suppress the resistance of the court dissidents including Queen Fu, and continue to eliminate the residual separatist forces in the north. In the 16th year of Jian 'an, Ma Chao and Han Sui in Guanlong area were razed. Four years later, Zhang Lu, who conquered Hanzhong, made full preparations for the generation of Han. During this period, he attacked Sun Quan and Liu Bei several times, but all failed. In the eighteenth year of Jian 'an, Cao Cao sealed Wang Wei and built Wei, both in Ye. Wei owns Jizhou 10 county, and there are hundreds of officials below the prime minister. Three years later, Cao Cao was promoted to Wang Wei. He was nominally a minister of the Han Dynasty, but in fact he was an emperor. His son Cao Pi replaced the Han Dynasty and worshipped Wei Wudi. Cao Cao's poetry attainments are extremely high, and his works such as Lu Luxing, Good Li Xing and Walking Out of Xiamen are tragic. With his encouragement, a group of outstanding scholars gathered around, and Jian 'an literature appeared. There are different opinions about Cao Cao in history. In the 1950s and 1960s, some historians thought that the image of Cao Cao was distorted by later scholars, and its historical achievements far exceeded its mistakes. With the deepening of research, historians tend to think that Cao Cao is an outstanding figure with many contributions in history.