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Zhang Kang, the filial queen in history.
There was such a queen in the Qing Dynasty who entered the palace at the age of fourteen and lived in the harem for 77 years. She was neither spoiled nor childless. But life is very happy, because her nominal emperor son is extremely filial to her, and this son is only fourteen years younger than her. From being the queen mother at the age of twenty to his death at the age of seventy-seven, the emperor's son was fully filial for fifty-seven years. As a result, she became the longest-serving Empress Dowager in the Qing Dynasty, and the second oldest empress besides Xiao Shengxian, the mother of Qianlong. This queen is the Bolzigit family after the emperor shunzhi, that is, the Filial Piety Queen, that is, the Empress Renxian, and the first mother of Emperor Kangxi. Xiao's popularity is not high, even in literary works and film and television dramas, but her life is much more perfect than those concubines who often appear.

When you see Borzijit, you may think of her origin. Yes, she, like Empress Xiaozhuangwen, comes from Horqin Prairie in Mongolia. She is also a relative of Empress Xiaozhuang. Empress Xiaozhuizhang was the first empress in the emperor shunzhi, and the only cousin and niece of Bolzigit after the Qing Dynasty was abolished. Hou Fei is the niece of Queen Xiao Zhuang, so Queen Xiao Zhanghui should be called the great-aunt of Queen Xiao Zhuang, that is, the great-aunt.

Xiao's life is both dull and legendary, and her life explains what is called "no dispute is struggle". The character of her life has made her not only live long, but also live wonderfully. Because of her high status, her family is indirectly stained with light, and her family is collateral (the direct line is Xiao Zhuang's own brother Wu Keshan). Because of her position, she once surpassed her direct line Wu Keshan. Since then, the Qing royal family has frequently married her family 17 times. The family reached its peak under her influence, and all this was brilliant because she had a nominally good son Kangxi.

However, before she became the empress dowager, she was not well off, even depressed, and was in danger of being abolished at any time. Fortunately, she was cautious and passive, with menstruation's backing, or she would be ruined in minutes. Under the control of Dourgen and sourdrang queen, the emperor shunzhi chose sourdrang queen's niece as Yuan Fei. The emperor shunzhi is a very rebellious young son of heaven, and he is not satisfied with the political marriage chosen by his uncle and mother. He yearns for freedom and doesn't want to live under other people's stereos, so he doesn't like the original queen at all. Later, he simply found various reasons to abolish the quiet princess, the queen, and did not give his mother face at all. Maybe he hates Dourgen more, so he took it out on Queen Borzigit.

One year after the abolishment, the palace master was absent, so he could not take the palace. Empress Xiao Zhuang and the officials arranged the marriage for him. Choose one between Manchu and Mongolian, and finally choose the niece Xiaozhuang of the Queen Mother and the daughter of lord protector in Horqin Town as the princess. As you can imagine, the emperor shunzhi will not be satisfied. He just drove away one Mongolian king, and then drove away two more, still sisters. Queen Xiao and her sister Shu Huifei were sent to the palace at the same time. After they entered the palace, they were first made concubines. In June of the 11th year of Shunzhi (1654), her sister was made the queen. It's very fast, and people have just arrived at the palace, which is faster than driving a rocket, and they can reach the sky directly.

Although Shunzhi doesn't like this wife, on the surface, she still maintains a good relationship with her father, which can be seen from the illness of Queen Xiao Jiahui in the twelfth year of Shunzhi. He was very ill this time, and Shunzhi was very concerned. He sent Sony, an important official of the imperial court, to the palace as a bodyguard, and even praised Sony: "Because the queen is sick, it is very dangerous. I'm really worried ... so I won't take medicine, but I'm more and more worried about my mother. The meaning of comforting the subjects to look up. I am very grateful. "

But after a year, Shunzhi didn't like her because of the appearance of Dong E Fei. In the 13th year of Shunzhi, Dong Eshi, the daughter of Li Jue, Minister of Interior Affairs, entered the palace and became a virtuous princess. In September, she was promoted to the imperial concubine, and the speed was comparable to that of Xiao Zhang Hui. Shunzhi is a personality son of heaven who doesn't love mountains and rivers and loves beauty. Since he had a favorite concubine Dong Hubei in the Sixth Hospital, he disliked the Queen even more, and even once wanted to abolish the Queen's determination to be a favorite concubine. In the case of the queen, the imperial concubine was sealed. Isn't this obvious to be abolished?

How did Shunzhi find fault with the queen? There are many ways. He said the queen had no filial piety. In the winter of the fourteenth year of Shunzhi, Empress Zhao Shengtai (Empress Xiao Zhuang) disobeyed the Eucharist, and Dong Hubei served her every day, but the Queen treated her like an innocent person. Shunzhi's search for this reason has hinted that ministers will be abolished, but Empress Xiao Zhuang will not sit idly by. Her niece has been abolished, and she doesn't want to be abolished any more. Dong Hubei princess also asked Shunzhi not to be abolished, and even said that if the emperor was abolished, he would not live. Estimation is Xiao Zhuang queen mother scared dong Hubei princess.

In the first month of the fifteenth year of Shunzhi, Empress Xiao Zhuang was ill, Dong Fei did her duty in front of the Empress Dowager, and the Empress didn't care. "If the queen's title and book treasure are still there, you should enter the palace to play notes and other items, and stop."

The emperor shunzhi's move, for the queen, is by no means a good thing. This is not good! Many privileges that the queen should have have been stopped, almost empty shelves, which is obvious and will be abolished. Shunzhi went on to say, "The queen was not diligent in serving the empress dowager and violated filial piety, so she dismissed her ministers and sent them to discuss the matter." This is not to expose the waste again. Shunzhi's operation frightened the queen and made her sick. Shunzhi once said that "in the future, you will be honest, considerate and lacking in talents", which means that the queen is honest and has no special skills. She is an ordinary woman who can no longer be ordinary.

In February, the queen fell ill, and the imperial concubine Dong Eshi took care of her for "five days and five nights" until she recovered.

Princess Dong is kind and polite. She is not arrogant because of the emperor's love. On the contrary, she has been recorded in history books for many times as being friendly and knowing the rules. She and the queen are both victims, sandwiched between the emperor and the queen mother. There must have been a dialogue between Dong E Fei's five days and five nights of taking care of the queen, and Dong E Fei didn't want to leave a bad name for herself because the queen was abolished. So she strongly advised Shunzhi not to waste it. Finally, with the efforts of the Queen Mother and Dong E Fei, the position of the Queen was temporarily preserved. The queen's due status and privileges have also been restored. "If you follow the instructions of the harem, you will still be sealed inside."

In the seventeenth year of Shunzhi (1660), the emperor shunzhi's favorite princess Dong E Fei went from bad to worse and died on August 19th. Shunzhi broke the ancestral system and pursued respect as a filial queen. The queen also directly chased the wing room as the queen, which is to look down on the queen's nakedness and to be angry with her mother. Shunzhi was devastated by the death of his beloved concubine. This is more than three months after Dong's death. In the eighteenth year of Shunzhi, on the seventh day of the first month, the emperor shunzhi also died after his favorite concubine. Michelle Ye, the third son of the eight-year-old emperor, succeeded to the throne, and his mother sourdrang queen took care of the holy father Emperor Kangxi.

After Kangxi ascended the throne, he put the emblem on his elders one by one. His grandmother was Empress Dowager Zhao Saint Tai, and later generations still used to call her sourdrang queen or Xiaozhuang Wen Queen. At this time, Kangxi had two mothers, the first mother and the biological mother. Kangxi's first mother, Bolzigit, was the "Empress Renxian" and lived in the Mercy Palace. Your biological mother, Shu Feitong, is the Empress Dowager Cixi of the Virgin Mary. She was given the emblem of Empress Dowager Cixi, that is, the two palaces stand side by side.

Kangxi's biological mother, Xiao Zhangkang, is a poor and unfortunate woman who is not favored at all. Fortunately, her son became emperor. I could have enjoyed my son's blessing and made him kneel down to be filial, but I just died after two years as the queen mother, at the age of 24. Kangxi was only ten years old, and his mother's death made him heartbroken and deeply grieved. Guard the tomb for my mother every day, cry every day, and almost cry. It was not until later that Kangxi recalled that he had never been filial to his parents since he was a child.

Kangxi lost his father at the age of eight and his mother at the age of ten Now the closest elders are only his grandmother and his first mother. After that, Kangxi always put filial piety on the two elders. Because he had no chance to be filial to his biological mother, he gave all his filial piety to his first mother. However, Xiao Xiaohui did the same thing for Kangxi. She had no children of her own, so she naturally took Kangxi as her own son. History books record the feelings of their mother and son in great detail, and the mother's filial piety has been staged.

According to historical records, sourdrang queen, Empress Filial Piety and Empress Filial Piety (after Kangxi Yuan) all went to Xiaoling to pay homage during the Shunzhi period. In the royal family, it is rare for it runs in the family to worship ancestors, so the relationship between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law is very harmonious.

On the third day of October in the 19th year of Kangxi, it was Xiao's 40th birthday. Kangxi made an exception and didn't go to work all day, especially for his mother's birthday. The whole palace is very lively, and entertainment programs are indispensable. It's time for dinner. Xiao Zhuang, Xiao, Kangxi and four generations of Crown Prince Yin Yong sit at the same table to celebrate the birthday of the Queen Mother. Xiao Jiahui was sincerely happy to see the whole family full of children and grandchildren, and thanked her son Kangxi for his filial piety. In the future, as long as the empress dowager celebrates her birthday, Kangxi will definitely express her mind, and she will personally write words and give gifts to wish her well. Every time Kangxi wanted to hold a birthday party for his mother, he was rejected by the thrifty empress dowager.

However, the Queen Mother stopped feasting because she was frugal.

In the 26th year of Kangxi, the emperor's grandmother sourdrang dowager died at the age of 74. Filial piety and Kangxi were very sad. Kangxi cut off his braid to show his thoughts for the emperor's grandmother, and the empress dowager cried even more sadly and could hardly get up.

Empress Dowager Cixi and her mother were very sad, and Empress Renxian couldn't cry. Emperor Kangxi also cut braids to mourn as a sign of filial piety.

After the death of Empress Dowager Tai, Kangxi's closest relative, he paid more attention to his two relatives and tried to be filial before Empress Dowager Tai. Everything should take into account the feelings of the empress dowager. As long as the empress dowager's body allows, he should be honored to go out. As long as the queen mother wants to do something, Kangxi basically takes time to accompany her personally. Kangxi means anything, as long as his mother is happy.

"Biography of the History of the Qing Dynasty, Volume One Empress" records: "The Empress Dowager visited Xiaoling Mausoleum, fortunately Shengjing, Fuling and Zhaoling, and went out to Gubeikou for the summer, fortunately Wutai Mountain, and all the Empresses participated."

In the twenty-second year of Kangxi, Kangxi accompanied the emperor's grandmother to the cottage, but Empress Dowager Cixi did not accompany her, but Kangxi did not forget Empress Dowager Cixi, but always missed her. One of them hunted a deer. Kangxi personally cut off the tail of the best deer and chose a piece of the best venison to marinate, so that people could quickly send it to the Forbidden City for the Queen Mother to taste. The queen mother was in a good mood when she received venison, praised the emperor for his filial piety, and asked people to send letters and greetings to the queen mother and Kangxi.

"In the twenty-second year of Kangxi, Empress Dowager Cixi was sent to the cottage, and Empress Dowager Cixi did not participate. I shot a deer in the middle, cut off my tail and dyed it with salt, and personally picked hazelnuts for the Queen Mother. "

Kangxi was afraid of his mother's loneliness, so he asked Fei Yi's fifth son, Yin Qi, to kneel down and raise him. Yin Qi did not participate in the "Nine sons ascended the throne" behind him, and he was also very kind to his fifth brother after Yongzheng ascended the throne. These are all taught by the Queen Mother.

In the forty-seventh year of Kangxi, the "Nine sons seized the office" was very popular, and the Crown Prince Yin Yong was abolished. Kangxi was exhausted by a bunch of sons. He talked to his mother about the loser prince. The Queen Mother grew up watching Yin Ren, and she was very reluctant to part with her grandson. Kangxi understood the meaning of the empress dowager, so he decided to re-establish Yin Ren as the crown prince. He said in front of the civil and military officials that re-establishing Yin Ren as the Crown Prince also refers to the Queen Mother. Ministers knew that Kangxi was a dutiful son, so they didn't object.

Records of the Holy Father of Qing Dynasty recorded Kangxi's attention to his mother's birthday. The year after the re-establishment of the Crown Prince, the 16th day of the first month of the forty-ninth year of Kangxi was the seventieth birthday of the Empress Dowager, and Kangxi held a grand birthday banquet for her mother. It's very ostentatious He invited the foreign minister, Baylor, Beizi, all the princes and ministers who came to Beijing last year, and Fujin and his wife to gather at Ningshou Palace to celebrate the birthday of the Empress Dowager. This is enough for a new mother's face. Not only that, Kangxi also danced the Manchu python dance with the music, and he frequently knelt down to celebrate his mother's birthday. At this time, if you want to Kangxi, it will be almost fifty-six. The queen mother was naturally very happy and kept saying that she would spend the emperor's money. Seeing his mother so happy, Kangxi was also happy.

In the forty-sixth year of Kangxi, Ewing, the seven sons of the 28-year-old emperor, became seriously ill. Kangxi was afraid that the queen mother, who was almost seventy years old, would be sad. He told his sons not to tell this story to their grandmother, lest her old man be sad.

Kangxi is also very concerned about the residence of Empress Dowager Cixi. Ningshou Palace is the residence of Empress Dowager Cixi, which is relatively old. Considering that the Empress Dowager would be uncomfortable, Kangxi built a new palace for the Empress Dowager.

"I have lived in the old palace for the sake of the queen mother for a long time. I built a new palace, which is more magnificent than the old one. At this point, I should be ready to serve the queen mother. "

On the day when the Empress Dowager moved the capital to Xinning Shougong, Kangxi personally took his ministers and "gathered the ceremony" and knelt down to meet the Empress Dowager.

When sourdrang queen was alive, he didn't go to Jehol for the summer because the Jehol Summer Resort had not been built. However, the mother is still alive, and Kangxi put filial piety on the queen mother. Every summer, Kangxi will go to Jehol for the summer with the Empress Dowager. Every time I walk halfway, I take my sons and ministers first. I arrange everything in the summer resort first. When the Queen Mother arrived, Kangxi led the princes and ministers to bow down to meet the Queen Mother.

On July 29th, the thirty-seventh year of Kangxi, Kangxi personally presented the Queen Mother with a tour beyond the Great Wall. This time is different from the past, this time is to go to Horqin prairie. This is Kangxi's filial piety to his first mother. He specially arranged for the Empress Dowager to go home and have a look. This time, it was also the first time that Empress Xiaohui set foot on the land of an old friend after leaving her hometown for more than 40 years. Her excitement can be imagined. They first came to the Mongolian department of Harqin and lived in the residence of Princess Heshuojing (the fifth daughter of Kangxi). In early September, the Queen Mother came to the Horqin Grassland where she was born, and was lucky enough to stay in the residence of Princess Heshuo Hunxi. During this period, I met with Mongolian princes and tribes who came to appear before the court. From Horqin Kang, Kangxi also sent the Empress Dowager to Shengjing for ancestor worship.

"Family Instructions of Emperor Kangxi" records that in the fifty-second year of Kangxi, Shu Hui Taifei, the sister of the Empress Dowager, died at the age of 70. The queen mother felt very sad. She was in her seventies, with white hair and few teeth left. Kangxi found that his mother was in a wrong state and greeted him quickly. The queen mother said, "If you shake your teeth and stop their pain, it will be unbearable if you don't give up." She told Kangxi that if her tooth fell out, it wouldn't hurt any more, and she would shake out the pain that hadn't fallen out. It is also telling Kangxi that she is old.

Kangxi quickly comforted and said, "The Queen Mother Shengshou is over 70 years old, and her grandchildren are over 100. Besides, the grandchildren of the Queen Mother have lost all their hair and teeth, not to mention the grandmother's age. I told my ancestors that the loss of the teeth of the elderly is good for future generations, which is a good sign for the longevity of Empress Dowager Cixi. "

It means that the Queen Mother is over 70 years old, and there are more than 100 grandchildren. Your grandson will lose all his hair and teeth. Ancestors said that old people's tooth loss is good for their grandchildren and a good sign for their mothers' children. The queen mother was in a good mood when she heard Kangxi's kind words. She smiled and said, "I should be very happy to hear what the emperor said!" " What the emperor said made my old woman very happy!

In the fifty-sixth year of Kangxi (17 17), the empress dowager was critically ill on the fourth day of December. At that time, Kangxi was in poor health. Kangxi was physically and mentally exhausted because of the "nine sons seized the office" and his feet were swollen and he could hardly walk. He wrapped his feet in a handkerchief and went to Ningshou Palace in a sedan chair to visit his mother. Kangxi knelt in front of the bed, held the hand of the queen mother with both hands and said, "Mom, my son is coming." The queen mother held Kangxi's hand tightly and kept looking at him with her eyes open. At this time, she was too weak to speak.

Two days later, she became the empress dowager cixi at the age of 77. Within a month before and after the death of the Queen Mother, Kangxi lived in Cangzhenmen and did not return to the bedroom to show his respect. He personally went to Ningshou Palace to drink a libation sacrifice, and he was crying before he started reading the eulogy. After reading the eulogy, I still can't stop crying.

Kangxi was a dutiful son, who had a relationship with Empress Renxian for 57 years. In sixty-one years, Xiao was only fourteen years older than Kangxi. Empress Dowager Cixi died at the age of 77, and Kangxi was 63, only five years away from her death. When I recall my relationship with my first mother for more than 50 years, I feel very sad and nostalgic. I often sigh:

"At this time, only people who are proud of me have no one who loves me."

After the death of filial piety, Kangxi felt empty. There are many people around him who honor him, but no one loves him, which shows the deep affection between their mother and son.

After the death of filial piety, some ministers tried to figure out the sacred intention in order to respect Kangxi's biological mother, Empress Xiao, and ranked above the first mother, Filial Piety. As a result, Kangxi scolded her, saying that this was to let future generations call her unfilial. Finally, the Empress Xiao Kang and the Empress Xiao Xian were buried together in the emperor shunzhi's Xiaoling Mausoleum, and the Empress Xiao was buried in the east of Xiaoling Mausoleum, also known as Xiao Dongling. The filial piety queen of Shunzhi sealed her favorite concubine, Dong E Fei, and posthumous title (Zhang is posthumous title of the emperor shunzhi, Shunzhi is called Sai-jo Zhang, and his posthumous title queen is orthodox) didn't get the word "Zhang", which is equivalent to denying her orthodoxy. Only the biological mother Xiao and the biological mother Xiao live in the ancestral hall, and there is no Dong Hubei princess.

Xiao's life is worthwhile. She entered the palace at the age of fourteen and stayed in the harem for sixty-three years. She was queen for seven years and empress dowager for fifty-seven years, at the age of seventy-seven. Her bad life is because she has no pets and no children. Fortunately, her son, the emperor, has great respect for her. The average emperor is not even so good as his own mother.

Her advantages are like Shunzhi's evaluation of "honesty in the future and lack of talents". She is simple, unprincipled and uncontroversial, which is her shortcoming and her good moral character. She has never set foot in politics and devoted all her feelings to her nominal son Kangxi. The point is that this son is a famous dutiful son. Of course, she was rewarded handsomely, and few people in the whole history had such an opportunity.