In agriculture, the commodity economy has made great progress, the self-sufficient natural economy is disintegrating day by day, and the development of capitalism requires breaking the bondage of serfdom. However, Russia is still a backward feudal serfdom country, lacking free labor, and its economy lags far behind western European countries.
/kloc-In the 1950s of 0/9, Russia suffered a crushing defeat in the Crimean War, which further aggravated the domestic social and economic crisis. 1860 The reform of serfdom eased social contradictions to a certain extent and developed the economy to a certain extent.
Extended data:
After the reform, the remnants of feudal serfdom left farmers in a very miserable situation. They are still oppressed politically and dependent on the landlords economically. They are burdened with ransom, loan interest and other heavy taxes.
After all, the reform of serfdom accelerated the development of Russian capitalism, adapted the relations of production to the productive forces to a certain extent, and established capitalism in many sectors of the national economy. A new socio-economic country began to appear in Russia.
In agriculture, the rapid development of capitalism is obviously manifested in the differentiation of peasant classes. In rural areas, on the one hand, the peasant class has divided into a few rich peasants, who have excellent livestock, farm tools and a large amount of land funds, and are the rural bourgeoisie.
The landless peasants caused by the rural proletariat and serfdom reform formed a mercenary, which provided favorable conditions for the development of capitalism. /kloc-At the end of 0/9th century, according to Russian census data, there were about100000 workers in Russia.
The differentiation of farmers promotes the evolution of landlord economy along the capitalist road. After the peasants went bankrupt, because they lost their horses and farm tools, they could no longer serve the landlords, forcing them to adopt a capitalist mode of operation.
In industry, capitalism has also developed rapidly. During the period of1861~1881,the cloth output tripled, and the weaving factory squeezed out the manual weaving industry.
With the development of industrial and agricultural capitalism and the expansion of the domestic market, the construction of railways has also increased rapidly. From 1865 to 1895, Russian railways increased from 3374 to 3 1.728.
By the early 1980s, Russia had basically completed the industrial revolution. It embarked on the road of colonial expansion of western powers and became an industrial power after Britain, France and the United States. But at this time, Russia's authoritarian system has not changed in essence. ?
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Russian serf reform