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Amazon river (Amazon river)
The Amazon River is one of the longest and largest rivers in the world. It is also an ancient river; The Amazon River started from 1 1 10,000 years ago. It is a transcontinental river and formed its present form about 2.4 million years ago. Amazon River is an extremely important water system, which flows through the most biodiversity biological community in the world. Here are some interesting geographical facts about the Amazon River.

Located in South America, the Amazon River is the second longest river in the world. The Nile, with a total length of 6,400 kilometers, is the longest river in the world, second only to Egypt's 6,650 kilometers.

In terms of water quantity, the Amazon River is the largest. The average flow of the Amazon River to the Atlantic Ocean is about 209,000 cubic meters per second. In contrast, the average flow of the Yangtze River at the mouth of the Yangtze River is about 33,980 cubic meters per second. The flow of this river is greater than the sum of the flows of the next seven rivers. Amazon also has the largest river basin in the world, covering an area of 2.72 million square kilometers, accounting for one-fifth of the total river flow in the world.

The vast Amazon River has earned it the nickname "Sea of Rivers". The width of the Amazon River varies greatly. In the off-season, the width of this river varies from 1.5 to 10 km. In the rainy season, the Amazon River is 48 kilometers wide. Floods usually occur between June and 10.

Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Guyana and other countries that flow through South America are in their catchment basins. The Amazon basin covers 40% of South America and is the largest basin in the world.

The Amazon River is a glacier stream rising from Mimifo Peak in Nevado, Andes, Peru, with an altitude of 5,597 meters. A simple wooden cross on the top of the mountain marks the farthest source of the Amazon River.

The glacier flow of Musmus, the source of the Amazon River, is marked with a cross.

The Amazon region consists of Precambrian fragments. Sierra de Carajás, located in the central Amazon, is the most important mineral province in Brazil. Its "greenstone belt" has a history of about 3 billion years and is the oldest rock in the Amazon Craton.

In ancient times, the main channel of the Amazon River flowed into the Pacific Ocean from east to west. Its source is in Africa today. After the collapse and opening of the Mesozoic Atlantic Ocean, the South American plate moved westward, and the Pacific plate collided with the Nazca area on the south coast of Peru.

The collision raised the Andes and blocked the flow of the Amazon River to the Pacific Ocean. Subsequently, great lakes were formed in the East Andes, including Bethelat. The South American continent leans slightly eastward, causing the Amazon River to turn to the Atlantic Ocean. In Cenozoic, the Amazon River and its tributaries gradually formed the Amazon River basin, which today includes plateaus, plains and valleys.

The Amazon River has more than 1 100 tributaries (streams or rivers branching from the main river). Among these tributaries, the length of 17 exceeds 1500 km. The three longest tributaries are: Madeira River, which flows through Bolivia and Brazil, 3250km; Prussia (which flows through Peru and Brazil, with a length of 32 1 1km); and Yapra (which flows through Colombia and Brazil, with a length of 2820km).

The Amazon River flows through the Amazon rainforest, which is considered to be the region with the richest biodiversity in the world. The exact number varies from source to source, but experts estimate that there are 2,500 to 5,000 species of fish in the Amazon basin. New fish species are discovered in this basin every year. Amazon puffer fish is the largest puffer fish in the world, with a length of 2.6 meters. Python is one of the largest snakes in the world. It makes its home in the Amazon River. Piranha, a fish with sharp teeth, eats meat. Caiman, a reptile related to alligator, also lives in Amazon waters.

The Amazon River is one of the longest rivers in the world, and it has more water than any other river in the world. From the Andes in Peru to the Atlantic Ocean in Brazil, the reach of the Amazon River covers a vast area, accounting for 40% of South America.

If a group of Brazilian scientists succeed in their research, the answer to the question "What is the longest river in the world?" may no longer be the Nile. It is said that an expedition by scientists found that the source of the Amazon River is indeed in southern Peru. If this is true, then the calculated length of the Amazon River is 6800 kilometers. By contrast, the Nile is 6695 kilometers long.

Guido Gelli, scientific director of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, said in an interview with Brazil's Global Television that the Amazon River was once the longest river in the world, which has been considered a fact today.

This new measurement method is supported by the research results of another Pan-Amazon project, which was developed by five scientists from the Remote Sensing Department of the National Institute of Space Research (INPE) of Brazil. They used satellite images to compare the length of the Nile and the Amazon. "We measured the Amazon and the Nile. A final analysis is needed, but we can be sure that the former is longer than the latter, "geologist and research coordinator Paulo Martini told Brazil's national news agency Radiobrás s. ..

This is official. The Amazon River is longer than the Nile River.