The idea of sustainable development appeared in the Declaration on Human Environment adopted by the United Nations at the Human Environment Conference held in Stockholm, Sweden from 65438 to 0972. From 65438 to 0978, the World Commission on Environment and Development formally used the concept of sustainable development in its documents for the first time. 1987, the Brundtland report Our Common Future scientifically discussed the concept of sustainable development and gave a definition: "Sustainable development is to meet the needs of contemporary people without damaging the ability of future generations to meet their own needs [62]. 1The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro in June 1992 was the largest international conference in human history. The most important achievement of the meeting was the release of two programmatic documents, the Earth Charter and Agenda 20, which marked the transition from theoretical discussion to practical action.

It can be seen from the development course of sustainable development thought that sustainable development has expanded from paying attention to natural resources to paying attention to various related factors including ecological environment, economy and society, and making them develop in harmony with each other. Sustainable development is a concept with rich connotations, and its basic elements are as follows: ① Sustainable development is not a simple economic problem, but a complex comprehensive system engineering, involving natural science, sociology, politics, economics and many other fields; ② Sustainable development pursues fairness and efficiency between generations and regions, and pursues human balance and growth limit; (3) Sustainable development holds that the limited growth economy is as important as solving the poverty problem, and emphasizes that development is the last word; ④ In a sense, sustainable economic development is the basis of sustainable social development, and sustainable utilization of resources is the basis of sustainable economic development.

Sustainable development is a new concept of development, which denies the "industrialization realization view" of simply pursuing economic growth, makes people re-examine economic growth and economic development with a brand-new eye, abandons "growth without development", and makes the economy develop along a healthy track for a long time [63]. The implementation of sustainable development strategy will improve people's utilization of natural resources and enhance the support of resources for long-term development.