The bronze statue of the animal head of the zodiac in Yuanmingyuan was originally a part of the fountain outside Haiyan Hall in Yuanmingyuan, and it was a bronze statue of the Qing Dynasty. 1860, the British and French allied forces invaded China and burned Yuanmingyuan, and the bronze statue of the animal head began to be lost overseas.

By the end of 20 12, the bronze statues of bull head, monkey head, tiger head, pig head and horse head had returned to China and were collected in Poly Art Museum.

20 13 On April 26th, French Pino family announced in Beijing that they would donate the bronze mouse heads and rabbit heads of the Twelve Water Methods in Yuanmingyuan to China for free. The donated mouse head and rabbit head are two of the bronze statues of the 12 zodiac animals lost in the Yuanmingyuan in Beijing.

At present, eight animal heads in the Twelve Zodiacs of Yuanmingyuan have returned to China, among which the dragon head is well preserved in Taiwan Province Province, and the whereabouts of the snake head, the chicken head, the dog head and the sheep head are unknown.

2. Forty Scenes of Yuanmingyuan

Forty Scenes of Yuanmingyuan was written by court painters Shen Yuan and Tang Dai in Qing Dynasty and inscribed by Gan Long. These 40 paintings truly record the grand occasion of Yuanmingyuan in those days, and each painting represents a group of scenery in the garden (only Yuanmingyuan).

Soon after Qianlong succeeded to the throne, the drawing work began. At first, the painters painted more than 30 paintings, but Qianlong continued to expand Yuanmingyuan on a large scale, and the painters painted several other paintings, and at the same time revised the works that had been painted. After decades, these paintings were finally finished.

1860, when the British and French allied forces set fire to five gardens and three mountains in the west of Beijing, they plundered these forty paintings. It is now in the National Library of France in Paris, France.

3. Wang Zuoshou Ding

Wang Zuo Zuo Shouding is 465,438+0 in height and 38 cm in diameter: the mouth is folded outwards, thick ears stand on it, the neck is slightly narrow, the abdomen is slightly bulging, and three hooves and three feet are placed under it. There are short ridges on the neck and upper foot, which are similar in shape to Xiaoding, but Xiaoding's abdomen seems to be deeper.

The tripod was burned in Yuanmingyuan in 1860, looted and lost overseas, and was bought back by China Poly Group Company. Now it is collected in Beijing Poly Art Museum.

4. Silk Buddha statue

During the reign of Emperor Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, the product was 6×4 square meters wide, and the title was "Endless Life, Respect for Buddha". The composition is divided into four parts from top to bottom: The first layer is the Yue Ji in Tiangong.

The second layer is dominated by the "III Buddha", namely, the Buddha of Sakyamuni in the center and the Buddha of Ye Jia and Ananda in the auxiliary. On the left is the pharmacist Buddha in the East, and on the right is the Amitabha Buddha in the West, namely, the Sanskrit "Infinite Buddha" and "Longevity Buddha".

The third layer is eighteen arhats and four kings, the left group is the northern king and the western king, and the right group is the southern king and the eastern king. The ground floor is illuminated by auspicious clouds.

The seal is engraved with Zhu, the treasure of Qianlong royal tour, among which Zhu is divided into Qianlong and Qianlong, which are old things in the palace. The Buddha statue is woven by reeling technology, a traditional weaving technology in China.

The specific method is to use plain weave, first draw the original pattern on the warp, and then use more small shuttles to dig and weave according to the color separation line of the pattern, commonly known as "warping and weft breaking".

Because this weave has the effect of carving, it is called "observing the sky like a statue", so it is also called "carving silk" and "cutting silk"

The Buddha statue is exquisite in craftsmanship, with dozens of figures wearing different clothes and different expressions, more than 100 patterns and colors, extremely complicated in details and vast in overall format, which can be called the pinnacle of silk reeling art.

It can be inferred from the content of the pattern that it was specially made to pray for the Buddha in the Qing Palace, so it is rare for such a huge Buddha statue to be preserved in the early Qing Dynasty.

/kloc-in 0/860, Yuanmingyuan was looted and lost overseas, and now it is collected in China Pavilion of Fontainebleau Palace.

5. Shooting Willow in Spring Garden

Daoguang was an emperor with both civil and military skills. He is not only outstanding in literary talent, skillful in riding and shooting, but also good at painting and writing calligraphy. The willow-shooting map in Qichun Garden is a real-life map of the willow-shooting in Qichun Garden, one of the three gardens in Yuanmingyuan. The whole roll is 70 cm high and 62 1 cm long. Write poems with paper colors, careful painting and Daoguang three times, and collect them in Yuanmingyuan.

1860, 10 On June 6, the British and French allied forces stormed Yuanmingyuan, and more than 10,000 British and French officers and men plundered this magnificent palace garden. This precious Daoguang Emperor Shooting Willow in Spring Garden was also plundered to France.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Yuanmingyuan Cultural Relics