The first dynasty: 3200 ~ 2850 BC. From menes to Qatar, there are eight pharaohs.

The second dynasty: 2850-2686 BC. From Hotepseknemoui to kask, there are six pharaohs.

Ancient Kingdom or Memphis Empire (2686 ~ 2 BC181year)

The third dynasty: 2686 ~ 26 BC13 years. From Neteriknet-Djeser to Houni in Natri, there are five kings. The rule of Gioser was the beginning of power and victory, and the magnificent stone buildings represented by the stepped pyramids of Shakara appeared. Imhotep, the architect, writer and scholar of the building,

The fourth dynasty: 26 BC13 ~ 2494. From Snefr to Republika Srpska, there were six or seven pharaohs. Judging from the grandeur of the pyramids, the rule of Snefru, Khufu and harff was the peak of this era. In Dashar, the pyramids built by Merton and Kisa show that the dynasty worked well and the economy was prosperous. The Fifth Dynasty: 2494-2345 BC. From Uzer to Unas, there were nine pharaohs. The most famous are Sahoure and Djedkare-Isesi.

In the fifth generation, the consciousness of "sun worship" developed rapidly, and the famous pyramid inscription was engraved on the wall of the Unnis pyramid in Shakara. The sixth dynasty: 2345 ~ 2 BC181. From Titi I to Queen Nitocris, seven kings, including Pepi I and Pepi, lived for hundreds of years.

Although the Sixth Dynasty was famous for its military and commercial expeditions as far away as the southern tip of Africa, Memphis, where some governors were constantly expanding and centralized in history, was threatened, leading to civil strife.

The first transitional period (2181~1991BC)

Seventh dynasty: only ruled for 70 days.

The eighth dynasty: 2 18 1 ~ 2 130 BC. There are eight to twenty-seven pharaohs, but their names cannot be found in the literature.

The ninth dynasty to the tenth dynasty: 2 130 ~ 2040 BC in the north. There are six pharaohs, three of whom are named Katie.

Eleventh dynasty: 2 130 ~ 2040 BC. There are three pharaohs.

In 2050 BC, Montuhtep II unified the whole country, and the Thebes monarch of the 1 1 dynasty ruled the whole of Egypt. Although this makes their hometown Thebes more and more important, it is still not enough to replace Memphis. The rulers of Thebes had to go back and forth in fashion, and built a palace at the entrance of Fayoum in the 12 dynasty, as well as small towns such as Yidi-Tawi. The dynasty moved its power center northward without giving up Thebes, which shows its strength.

The Middle Kingdom or the First Empire of Thebes (BC 199 1 ~ 1786)

1 1 end of the dynasty: from 2060 to 2000 BC, three Montuhotes popularized the law. Egypt was first unified around 2040 BC. Twelfth dynasty: 2000 BC-1786. Seven pharaohs were named Amon Hamat or Sesoste Rees, and the last ruler was Queen Nefirul of Zeebek.

Like other countries in the world, stability and turmoil always appear alternately. The provincial decentralization forces and other forces unknown in history destroyed the Thebes regime inherited from the twelfth dynasty, and Egypt was divided into many vassal States.

The second transitional period (BC 1786 ~ BC 1567)

13th to 14th dynasties: BC 1786 ~ BC 1674. There are about forty pharaohs, and some of them are named Sibeh Hotep. Some pharaohs ruled the northern, central and southern old French areas at the same time. From BC 1730, these kings were only vassals of Pharaoh Hikso.

Generation 15 ~ 16: BC 1674 ~ 1567. The 16th Dynasty is called "Little Sissok Dynasty", which only exists in the eastern part of the delta. There were five pharaohs in the Great Sissok Dynasty, including one Khyan and two Apopi.

Seventeenth dynasty: BC 1674 ~ 1567. Ten pharaohs ruled Thebes and its surrounding areas. They are vassals of Sissok. The last three pharaohs, Taa I and Kamosis, began to fight against the Sissok people in the north.

The New Kingdom or the Second Kingdom of Thebes (BC 1567 ~ 1085)

Eighteenth dynasty: 1567 ~ 1320 BC. From Amossis to Holland Herb, there were fourteen monarchs, including four Bitmus, four Amenorphines, Empress Ashipusu, Akhenaten and Tutankhamun, all belonging to this dynasty.

The 19 dynasty: 1320 ~ 1200 BC. Nine Pharaoh Ramses, including Ramesses I, II, seti i and II.

Twentieth dynasty: BC 1200 ~ 1085. Ten monarchs, except the first named Sethnakht, are all named Ramses.

The third transitional period (BC 1085 ~ 7 15 years)

The 2nd1dynasty: BC 1085 ~ 945. In tanis, there are Daisy, Perseus I and II. In Thebes, there are Herihol and Pinajem.

Ancient Egyptian civilization refers to the period from the first waterfall of the Nile to the delta, from the Tassa culture in 5000 BC to the Arab conquest of Egypt in 642 AD.

In the 3rd century BC, Manieto divided the history of Egypt's conquest from menes to Macedonian Alexandria into thirty (or thirty-one) dynasties. Now scholars have divided the history of ancient Egypt into the following periods:

1, pre-dynasty period (about 3 100-2686 BC)

2. Early Dynasty (about 2686-2 18 1 year ago)

3. Ancient dynasty (about 265438 BC+0865438 BC+0-2040 BC)

4. the first intermediate period (about 2040- 1786 BC)

5. The Middle Ages (about BC 1786- 1567)

6. The second intermediate period; (approximately 1786- 1567)

7. the new dynasty (about BC 1567- 1085)

8. Post-dynasty period (about BC 1085-332)

9. The Rule of Greeks and Romans in Macedonia (332 BC-642 AD)

1 4, the slave state was formed and the unified dynasty appeared; 5-7, rebuilding a unified kingdom and establishing an empire; During the eighth and ninth periods, Egypt's slave country declined and fell into foreign rule.

To annotate ...

Experts actually explored the time range of ancient Egyptian culture, which was the first union between the northern and southern kingdoms of Egypt in 4245 BC. By the time Alexander of Macedonia occupied Egypt in 332 AD, the Ptolemaic dynasty was destroyed, which is commonly known as the Pharaoh dynasty that lasted for more than 3,000 years.