Chemical symbol of Xenon: xe

Density: 5.89 kg/m3 (under standard conditions)

Molecular weight: 13 1.3

Xenon (pronounced xian) is an element with larger atomic number (i.e. heavier element) and larger atomic radius in inert gas. In arc discharge, the energy lost by elastic collision between electrons and gas is inversely proportional to the atomic weight of gas, so compared with other inert gases, xenon arc discharge has less loss and higher luminous efficiency. At the same time, the ionization potential of xenon is low, and the voltage drop near the electrode is small during discharge, which can prolong the life of the electrode. Because of the characteristics of xenon atomic structure, the spectrum emitted by long arc xenon lamp is very close to sunlight, so it is better to inject xenon into automobile lamp than other gases, which is also the biggest feature of xenon lamp.

What is a xenon lamp?

At present, there are two main types of lamps on the market: halogen lamps and xenon lamps. Halogen lamp was produced in 1960s, and it was made by injecting halogen gas into the bulb, which not only reduced the consumption of tungsten wire, but also kept the brightness of the bulb and prolonged its life. At present, most domestic cars and some old imported cars use halogen lamps.

HID xenon lamp was successfully developed by Philips in five years. The original xenon lamp was made by injecting more active xenon into the original halogen bulb. Now xenon lamps have developed into filament-less high-voltage discharge. Compared with ordinary lamps, xenon lamps have three times higher brightness, emit light like the sun, and have a far and wide projection range. But it saves 45% energy than ordinary halogen lamps, and its service life is 65,438+00 times that of halogen lamps. At present, the demand for xenon lamps in Europe is increasing at the rate of 13% per year. In Japan, xenon headlights are also installed in mid-to high-end cars, which are more popular in Hong Kong. Among domestic cars, only Audi A6 and Passat are equipped with xenon headlights. It is predicted that in the next two or three years, the number of xenon lamps carried by domestic cars will increase greatly, and it is the general trend that xenon lamps will replace halogen lamps.

The full name of HID lamp is high intensity discharge gas lamp, which consists of ballast and bulb. Xenon lamp is a new type of xenon headlamp. Xenon lamp broke the luminous principle of tungsten wire invented by Edison. The timing tube is filled with high-pressure inert gas-xenon to replace the traditional filament. There are compounds of mercury and carbon on both electrodes. Xenon is excited by a ballast with a high voltage current of 23,000 volts to emit light, forming a perfect white arc between the two electrodes, and the emitted light is almost perfect. Its luminous principle is that xenon reacts with rare metals under the stimulation of positive and negative electricity, so you will find a small glass ball in the tube of HID bulb, which contains xenon and a little rare metal. As long as they react chemically when stimulated by current, both of them will emit light with a color temperature as high as 3000 K-12000 K. It uses a special ballast (ballast) and uses the voltage of automobile battery 12V to generate a trigger voltage of more than 23000V to start the lamp. When starting, the brightness of 0.8 seconds is 20% of the rated brightness, reaching the brightness of halogen lamps, and making the lamps reach more than 80% of the rated brightness within 4 seconds. After the lamp is stabilized, the ballast (ballast) provides the lamp with a power supply voltage of about 80V to keep the lamp running at a constant power.

The normal HID luminous flux is about 2400 lumens, which is more than three times that of ordinary halogen lamps. The color temperature of HID lamp ranges from 3000k to 12000k or above; The higher the color temperature of the lamp, the worse the penetration of fog and rain. The light color around 6000k is just the whitest temperature that turns slightly blue, and it is also the color closest to the noon sunshine. The human eye has the highest acceptance and comfort for timely rain. This kind of lamp can effectively reduce the driver's visual fatigue when it is used in vehicle lighting at night, and the improvement of the brightness of the lamp can also effectively expand the visual range in front of the vehicle, thus creating safer driving conditions.

Because the HID lamp has no filament, it will not be scrapped because of broken wires, and its service life is much longer than that of halogen lamps, reaching more than 2800 hours, which is 10 times longer than that of halogen lamps, equivalent to the life of automobiles 15 years (European standard).

Generally, most of the original halogen headlamps need to consume 55- 105W, while the operating current of HID gas discharge headlamps is only half that of halogen lamps under the ballast stabilization, and only 35W power is needed to supply xenon bulbs to emit light on average. As for the electricity saved, it is equal to the oil money saved.

Automobile high-voltage xenon lamp is known as "the product of lighting revolution in 2 1 century", which is called HID(High Intensity DischargeLamp) for short.

References:

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Uses: Xenon lamps are generally used for car lamps, digital cameras and so on.