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Thinking guide of opium war, the first lesson of history in grade eight
Knowledge point: 1. /kloc-In the first half of the 0/9th century, Britain became the most powerful capitalist country.

Why did Britain invade China?

A: In order to open the China market, promote industrial products and plunder cheap industrial raw materials (page 2 of the book).

Second, why did Britain smuggle opium into China?

Direct purpose: profiteering

The fundamental purpose: to open the China market, promote industrial products and plunder cheap industrial raw materials.

Third, the harm of opium.

1, the outflow of silver caused the financial crisis in Qing Dynasty.

2, the price of silver rose "silver is expensive and money is cheap" Qing * * * Taxation with silver increased the burden on the people.

3. Opium smuggling corrupted the ruling institutions of the Qing Dynasty, which allowed opium smuggling because of corruption.

The ruling body of the Qing dynasty

It has become more corrupt because of accepting bribes and letting people go to private schools.

4. Opium poisons the physical and mental health of China people, brings social instability and seriously weakens the fighting capacity of China army.

Fourth, the anti-smoking campaign.

Lin Zexu wrote to Daoguang Emperor asking for a ban on smoking, and Daoguang Emperor sent Lin Zexu to Guangzhou to ban smoking.

After Lin Zexu arrived in Guangzhou, he arrested cigarette dealers, confiscated opium, set up a smoking ban bureau, prepared smoking cessation pills and destroyed opium in Humen.

1On June 3rd, 839, opium was destroyed in public in Humen Beach, Guangzhou.

Significance of the destruction of opium in Humen: The destruction of opium in Humen is a great victory of China people's anti-smoking movement, which shows the strong will of the Chinese nation against foreign aggression.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) Opium War

Reason: The evil opium trade was influenced by China, and Britain decided to go to war.

Time: 65438+June 0840-1842

Results: The Qing Dynasty was defeated and signed the Sino-British treaty of nanking (the Qing Dynasty lagged behind Britain in politics, economy, science and technology and military affairs).

Revelation: If you fall behind, you will be beaten.

Closing the door to the outside world is the main reason for backwardness.

"treaty of nanking" content: cutting Hong Kong Island to Britain; Compensation 2 1 ten thousand yuan; Open five trading ports in Guangzhou, Xiamen, Fuzhou, Ningbo and Shanghai; The taxes paid by British businessmen on import and export goods need to be agreed with Britain in China.

The division of Hong Kong Island to Britain destroyed the territory of China.

The compensation of 2 1 10,000 yuan has aggravated the financial crisis and the people's burden.

Five-port trade and agreed tariffs: beneficial to British commodity exports and disintegration of China's natural economy

The influence of intransitive verb opium war

After the Opium War, China gradually became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society from a feudal society.

(Changes in social nature)