(1) The system of three officials and nine ministers in Qin Dynasty and the system of three provinces and six departments in Sui and Tang Dynasties; Abolished the prime minister; (6 points)

(2) Yongzheng; Absolute monarchy reached its peak (2 points)

(3) The form of vertical central management of local governments has been formed, and county chiefs are appointed, removed and transferred by the emperor, and cannot be hereditary (3 points).

(4) Sovereign and Prime Minister, Central and Local Powers (4 points)

Test analysis:

(1) As can be seen from the figure, it is the political system of the Qin Dynasty to set up three officials and nine ministers under the central emperor and implement the county system at the local level. Figure 2 Three provinces of Zhongshu, Menxia and Shangshu were established under the emperor, and Shangshu was divided into six provinces, which was a three-province, six-department system in the Tang Dynasty. Figure 3: Abolish three provinces and prime ministers, and six departments are directly responsible to the emperor.

(2) The military headquarters in Figure 4 was established by Yong Zhengdi in the Qing Dynasty. The basic function of the minister of military affairs is to kneel down and take notes, upload and issue them, and its establishment is a symbol of the peak of autocratic monarchy in feudal society.

(3) Figure 5 The Western Zhou Dynasty implemented the enfeoffment system, and each vassal state had greater autonomy; Figure 6 shows the county system implemented at the local level in the Qin Dynasty. Local officials were directly appointed and removed by the emperor, which greatly strengthened the control of the local government.

(4) During the evolution of China's ancient political system, there were always two pairs of contradictions, namely, the contradiction between imperial power and relative power, and the contradiction between the central and local governments. Its development trend is that monarchical power is constantly strengthened and relative power is constantly weakened until it disappears; The central power has been continuously strengthened and the local power has been continuously weakened.

Comments: The topic of ancient political civilization in China is the focus of the college entrance examination. Taking the development and evolution of ancient centralization as the main line, it involves the feudal system and patriarchal clan system, the establishment of the Qin emperor system and the implementation of the county system, the characteristics of the evolution of the political system from Han Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty, the abolition of the prime minister in Ming Dynasty, the establishment of the cabinet and the Ministry of War in Qing Dynasty, and the evolution of the central official system and the local administrative system. From the perspective of proposition, focusing on the background, characteristics and influence of historical events in the development and evolution of ancient political system, and connecting with the reform of government institutions, promoting democratization and the process of world history is the main way of college entrance examination proposition.