Song Dynasty is one of the dynasties with better economic development in ancient China, and it is the heyday of feudal society, art and culture in China. The prosperity of urban economy, the growing citizen class, the vigorous development of education and the unprecedented prosperity of culture and art have laid a solid foundation for the development of various literary forms and formed values different from traditional ones.

Su Shi, an uninhibited poet in Song Dynasty, was not bound by the traditional style of ci. Any subject that can be used as a poem can be used as a lyric, which greatly expands the scope of lyrics. At the same time, he is not limited by temperament, creating a magnificent artistic conception and forming a bold style. Although Su Shi's ci style was not understood by his contemporaries, it was inherited by patriotic generals and officials in the Southern Song Dynasty.

After Ouyang Xiu in Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi's poems laid the foundation of Song Dynasty. His political poems and impromptu lyrics show his concern for the national economy and people's livelihood and all kinds of complicated feelings. Some of his works have obvious characteristics of arguing with poems. Su Shi's poetry is brilliant and unrestrained, which represents the highest achievement of poetry in the Northern Song Dynasty. However, the shortcomings of his scholarship were accepted by his protege Huang Tingjian and others, and developed unilaterally, forming a bad poetic style that overemphasized form and pursued "no words and no passivity". This unhealthy poetic style was influenced by the "Jiangxi Poetry School" headed by Huang Tingjian from the late Northern Song Dynasty to the early Southern Song Dynasty.

Song Dynasty is a rich period in China's cultural history, and it has achieved fruitful results in the fields of Neo-Confucianism, literature, history, art, science and technology. The imperial examination established to select officials promoted the development of the education system, the wide spread of printed matter promoted the exchange of literature and the appreciation of art, and the painting characteristics of landscape painting in Song Dynasty penetrated into the theory and practice of China's classical garden art, which deeply influenced the development of the artistic form of classical garden architecture.

In addition, the prosperous commercial trade in Song Dynasty promoted the development of currency circulation and foundry industry. The casting technology is becoming more and more mature, the currency is becoming more and more exquisite, and the demand for coins is increasing, which is closely related to people's purchasing power, so the coin culture came into being.